The document provides background information on several theories that attempt to explain disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle region, including: violent storms, rogue waves, methane gas eruptions, underwater trenches, Gulf Stream currents, and human error. It also discusses specific incidents like the disappearance of Flight 19 and theories involving the lost city of Atlantis, aliens, and the spirits of dead slaves.

1. Name: Prahlad V kulkarni
Address: 302, 3rd floor Minal CHS
Nr Shivam Gym, Nr Koparstation
KoparGaon, Dombivali (w)
PIN 421 202.
Contact no: +91 9819604999
Registration No: WRO 0409975
Thane ITT Branch – WIRC Dombivli
Branch Code : WI020
Batch No : DOM-01/14/126
Project Name: BERMUDA TRAINGLE
Date:

3. www.wikipedia.com
http://adventure.howstuffworks.com/bermuda-triangle.htm
http://paranormal.about.com/od/bermudatriangle/a/bermuda-triangle-
theories.htm
http://www.livescience.com/23435-bermuda-triangle.html

4. INTRODUCTION
The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle, is an
undefined region in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean,
where a number of aircraft and ships are said to have disappeared
under mysterious circumstances. According to the US Navy, the
triangle does not exist, and the name is not recognized by the US
Board on Geographic Names. Popular culture has attributed various
disappearances to the paranormal or activity by extraterrestrial
beings. Documented evidence indicates that a significant percentage
of the incidents were spurious, inaccurately reported, or embellished
by later authors. In a 2013 study, the World Wide Fund for
Nature identified the world’s 10 most dangerous waters for
shipping, but the Bermuda Triangle was not among them. Contrary
to popular belief, insurance companies do not charge higher
premiums for shipping in this area.

5.  The earliest allegation of unusual disappearances in the Bermuda area appeared in a
September 17, 1950 article published in The Miami Herald (Associated Press) by Edward Van
Winkle Jones. Two years later, Fate magazine published "Sea Mystery at Our Back Door", a
short article by George X. Sand covering the loss of several planes and ships, including the
loss of Flight 19, a group of five U.S. Navy TBM Avenger bombers on a training mission.
Sand's article was the first to lay out the now-familiar triangular area where the losses took
place. Flight 19 alone would be covered again in the April 1962 issue of American
Legion magazine. In it, author Allan W. Eckert wrote that the flight leader had been heard
saying, "We are entering white water, nothing seems right. We don't know where we are, the
water is green, no white." He also wrote that officials at the Navy board of inquiry stated that
the planes "flew off to Mars." Sand's article was the first to suggest a supernatural element to
the Flight 19 incident. In the February 1964 issue of Argosy, Vincent Gaddis' article "The
Deadly Bermuda Triangle" argued that Flight 19 and other disappearances were part of a
pattern of strange events in the region. The next year, Gaddis expanded this article into a
book, Invisible Horizons.
 Others would follow with their own works, elaborating on Gaddis' ideas: John Wallace
Spencer (Limbo of the Lost, 1969, repr. 1973); Charles Berlitz (The Bermuda Triangle,
1974); Richard Winer (The Devil's Triangle, 1974), and many others, all keeping to some of
the same supernatural elements outlined by Eckert.

6. The first written boundaries date from an
article by Vincent Gaddis in a 1964 issue
of the pulp magazine Argosy, where the
triangle's three vertices are in Miami,
Florida peninsula; in San Juan, Puerto
Rico; and in the mid-Atlantic island
of Bermuda. But subsequent writers did
not follow this definition. Every writer
gives different boundaries and vertices to
the triangle, with the total area varying
from 500,000 to 1.5 million square
miles. Consequently, the determination of
which accidents have occurred inside the
triangle depends on which writer reports
them. The Names does not recognize this
name, and it is not delimited in any map
drawn by US government agencies.

7.  Triangle writers have used a number of supernatural concepts to explain
the events. One explanation pins the blame on leftover technology from
the mythical lost continent of Atlantis. Sometimes connected to the
Atlantis story is the submerged rock formation known as the Bimini
Road off the island of Biminis in the Bahamas, which is in the Triangle by
some definitions. Followers of the purported psychic Edgar Cayce take his
prediction that evidence of Atlantis would be found in 1968 as referring to
the discovery of the Biminis Road. Believers describe the formation as a
road, wall, or other structure, though geologists consider it to be of natural
origin.
 Other writers attribute the events to UFOs. This idea was used by Steven
Spielberg for his science fiction film Close Encounters of the Third Kind,
which features the lost Flight 19 aircrews as alien abductees.
 Charles Berlitz, author of various books on anomalous phenomena, lists
several theories attributing the losses in the Triangle to anomalous or
unexplained forces.

8. As an area with one of the highest incidences of UFO sightings, it's no wonder
that alien abductions have been a popular explanation for disappearances in
the Bermuda Triangle. But abductions aren't the only theory; some also have
theorized that the Bermuda Triangle area is a portal to other planets. But why
this area?
Many believe that the Bermuda Triangle area is home to the lost city of
Atlantis and remnants of its advanced technologies. Famous psychic Edgar
Cayce said that Atlantis had many modern-day technologies, including a
death ray weapon, which he claims ultimately destroyed the city. Some even
say that the people who lived there were an alien race from the Pleiades star
cluster.
Cayce had predicted that researchers would discover the western edge of
Atlantis near the coast of Bimini, in the Bahamas, and they did find a "road" of
stones there in 1968. The initial researchers and archeologists who studied the
site, known as the "Bimini Road," immediately regarded it as naturally
occurring. Recent investigations, however, have found evidence that appears
to support the idea that the stones were shaped and placed there as a wall.
The additional finding of a possible underwater city near Cuba adds fuel to
the fire for those supporting the Atlantis idea.

9. When in doubt, blame aliens in their flying saucers. Although their motives are
unclear, it has been suggested that aliens have chosen the Bermuda Triangle as
a point at which to capture and abduct for unknown purposes. Aside from the
lack of evidence for this theory, we have to wonder why the aliens would take
whole aircraft and ships - some of considerable size. Why not just abduct the
occupants in the same way they are said to take people from their homes in the
dead of night?

10. The Bermuda Triangle's deaths and disappearances are the consequences of a
curse, theorized psychiatrist, Dr. Kenneth McCall of Brook Lyndhurst in England.
He believed the area may be haunted by the spirits of the many African slaves who
had been thrown overboard on their voyage to America. In this book, Healing the
Haunted, he wrote of his strange experiences while sailing in these waters. "As we
drifted gentle in the now warm and steamy atmosphere, I became aware of a
continuous sound like mournful singing," he wrote. "I thought it must be a record
player in the crew's quarters and as it continued through a second night, I finally,
in exasperation, went below to ask if it could be stopped. However, the sound
down there was the same as it was everywhere else and the crew were equally
mystified." He later learned how in the 18th century, British sea captains defrauded
insurance companies by tossing slaves into the ocean to drown, then cashing in on
a claim for them.

11. Most rational explanations for the incidents in the Bermuda Triangle, including
the explanations given by the U.S. Navy and Coast Guard, include human error
and environmental effects. The area is one of the most highly trafficked for
amateur pilots and sailors, so more traffic leads to more accidents and
disappearances

12.  The area is subject to violent and unexpected
storms and weather changes. These short but
intense storms can build up quickly, dissipate
quickly, and go undetected by satellite
surveillance. Waterspouts that could easily
destroy a passing plane or ship are also not
uncommon. A waterspout is simply
a tornado at sea that pulls water from the ocean
surface thousands of feet into the sky. Other
possible environmental effects include
underwater earthquakes, as scientists have
found a great deal of seismic activity in the area.
Scientists have also spotted freak waves up to
100 feet high.
The underwater topography of the area may also be a factor. It goes from a gently
sloping continental shelf to an extremely deep drop-off. In fact, some of the
deepest trenches in the world are found in the area of the Bermuda Triangle.
Ships or planes that sink into these deep trenches will probably never be found.

13.  While historical pirates like
Blackbeard or the fictional Captain
Jack Sparrow of "Pirates of the
Caribbean" may not be likely
candidates for disappearances,
modern pirates might be. In the 1970s
and '80s, drug runners often pirated
boats to smuggle drugs. This theory
could also bear some truth during
wartime. Check out How Pirates
Work for more information about
piracy and real-life pirates.
Although these theories (among others) probably account for
disappearances in the area known as the Bermuda Triangle, many people
still prefer to believe that aliens, electronic fog or another supernatural
phenomenon must be the cause. As long as those theories exist, the
Bermuda Triangle will remain a source of fascination and mystery.

14. This strange sea that has no shores but bounded by
ocean currents on all sides has been the trap for many
vessels in the past. Many ships were believed to have
become completely motionless here and later found
in derelict conditions without a soul on them. So what
caused such strange incidents? Check out the mystery
of Sargasso Sea.

15. Very large waves can appear suddenly even in calm seas. One
such rogue wave caused the Ocean Ranger, then the world's
largest offshore platform to capsize in 1982. Research has
shown that freak waves up to 30m high & capable of sinking a
large ship within moments can and does happen. Although
these are very rare, in some areas ocean currents indicate that
they happen more often than normal.

16. Hurricanes are extremely powerful storms that
sometimes appear in the Atlantic near the equator.
Such hurricanes have historically been the cause for
thousands of lives lost and billions of dollars of
damage. The sinking of Francisco de Bobadilla's
Spanish fleet in 1502 was the first recorded instance
of such destructive hurricane. These storms have in
the past caused a number of incidents related to the
Bermuda Triangle.

17. The seafloor in Bermuda Triangle area is also
found to be quite strange. There are some
unusual formations. From a gentle slope it
takes a sudden deep drop. In fact, some of the
deepest trenches in the world are found in this
area. Ships or planes that sink into these deep
trenches will probably never be found

18. It has been heard several times that ships and
aircraft get engulfed in some kind of electronic
fog and the fog keeps moving along with the
ship or the plane. And eventually, all the
electronic equipment and other instruments
start malfunctioning. Then the ships and
airplanes either disintegrate or disappear
without a trace. Can this be true?
Read Electronic Fog to know what came out
from the experiments by Vancouver based
scientist John Hutchison.

19.  At times there are violent storms
in the Bermuda Triangle area.
These short but intense storms
can build up quickly and go
away so fast that even a satellite
can't detect them properly. But
these storms are strong enough
to destroy ships or planes
completely. There are also
waterspouts seen in this area. A
waterspout is like a tornado at
sea that sucks water from the
ocean thousands of feet into the
sky.

20.  The Gulf Stream is a deep ocean current that
originates in the Gulf of Mexico and then flows
through the Straits of Florida into the North
Atlantic. In essence, it is a river within an
ocean, and, like a river, it can and does carry
floating objects. It has a surface velocity of up
to about 2.5 meters per second (5.6 mi/h). A
small plane making a water landing or a boat
having engine trouble can be carried away
from its reported position by the current.

21. Compass problems are one of the cited phrases in
many Triangle incidents. While some have theorized
that unusual local magnetic anomalies may exist in
the area, such anomalies have not been found.
Compasses have natural magnetic variations in
relation to the magnetic poles, a fact which navigators
have known for centuries. Magnetic (compass)
north and geographic (true) north are only exactly the
same for a small number of places – for example, as of
2000 in the United States only those places on a line
running from Wisconsin to the Gulf of Mexico. But
the public may not be as informed, and think there is
something mysterious about a compass "changing"
across an area as large as the Triangle, which it
naturally will.

22. One of the most cited explanations in official inquiries as to
the loss of any aircraft or vessel is human error. Human
stubbornness may have caused businessman Harvey
Conover to lose his sailing yacht, the Revonoc, as he sailed
into the teeth of a storm south of Florida on January 1, 1958.
In almost every account of the mystery surrounding the Bermuda
Triangle, you'll see reference to the fact that it is one of only
two places on Earth (the other being the Devil's Sea off the coast
of Japan) where a compass points to true north rather than
magnetic north. Theorists say that this causes compasses to
malfunction and ships and planes to get off-course.
Compass Malfunctions

23. Blue holes are water-filled caves and cavities with blue
coloration. These caves may be simply a hole in the
ground in the interior of islands (inland blue holes) or
holes in shallow waters on the banks (marine or ocean blue
holes). British scuba diver Rob Palmer directed a blue
holes research center in the Bahamas for a number of
years. In July 1997, he failed to surface after a dive in the
Red Sea and was presumed dead. Some think that the blue
holes may be related to (or even formed by) micro-
wormholes believed to exist in the area and might even be
transit points for UFOs arriving here from other
dimensions.

24. Tropical cyclones are powerful storms, which form
in tropical waters and have historically cost
thousands of lives lost and caused billions of dollars
in damage. The sinking of Francisco de Bobadilla's
Spanish fleet in 1502
was the first recorded
instance of a
destructive hurricane.
These storms have in
the past caused a
number of incidents
related to the Triangle.

25. An explanation for some of the disappearances has focused on the presence of large
fields of methane hydrates (a form of natural gas) on the continental shelves. Laboratory
experiments carried out in Australia have proven that bubbles can, indeed, sink a scale
model ship by decreasing the density of the water; any wreckage consequently rising to
the surface would be rapidly dispersed by the Gulf Stream. It has been hypothesized
that periodic methane eruptions (sometimes called "mud volcanoes") may produce
regions of frothy water that are no longer capable of providing adequate buoyancy for
ships. If this were the case, such an area forming around a ship could cause it to sink
very rapidly without warning.

26. Ellen Austin
The Ellen Austin supposedly came across a
derelict ship, placed on board a prize crew,
and attempted to sail with it to New York in
1881. According to the stories, the derelict
disappeared; others elaborating further that
the derelict reappeared minus the prize crew,
then disappeared again with a second prize
crew on board. A check from Lloyd's of
London records proved the existence of
the Meta, built in 1854 and that in 1880
the Meta was renamed Ellen Austin. There are
no casualty listings for this vessel, or any
vessel at that time, that would suggest a large
number of missing men were placed on board
a derelict that later disappeared.

27. A five-masted schooner built in 1919, the Carroll A. Deering was
found hard aground and abandoned at Diamond Shoals,
near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina on January 31, 1921. Rumors
and more at the time indicated the Deering was a victim of piracy,
possibly connected with the illegal rum-running trade during
Prohibition, and possibly involving another ship, SS Hewitt, which
disappeared at roughly the same time. Just hours later, an
unknown steamer sailed near the lightship along the track of
the Deering, and ignored all signals from the lightship. It is
speculated that Hewitt may have been this mystery ship, and
possibly involved in the Deering crew's disappearance.

28. Flight 19 was a training flight
of five TBM Avenger torpedo
bombers that disappeared on
December 5, 1945, while over
the Atlantic. The squadron's
flight plan was scheduled to
take them due east from Fort
Lauderdale for 141 miles,
north for 73 miles, and then
back over a final 140-mile leg
to complete the exercise. The
flight never returned to base.
The disappearance is
attributed by Navy
investigators to navigational
error leading to the aircraft
running out of fuel.

29. G-AHNP Star Tiger disappeared on January 30, 1948 on a
flight from the Azores to Bermuda; G-AGRE Star
Ariel disappeared on January 17, 1949, on a flight from
Bermuda to Kingston, Jamaica. Both were Avro Tudor
IV passenger aircraft operated by British South American
Airways. Both planes were operating at the very limits of their
range and the slightest error or fault in the equipment could
keep them from reaching the small island. One plane was not
heard from long before it would have entered the Triangle.

30. On December 28, 1948, a Douglas DC-3 aircraft, number NC16002,
disappeared while on a flight from San Juan, Puerto Rico, to Miami.
No trace of the aircraft or the 32 people on board was ever found.
From the documentation compiled by the Civil Aeronautics Board
investigation, a possible key to the plane's disappearance was found,
but barely touched upon by the Triangle writers: the plane's batteries
were inspected and found to be low on charge, but ordered back into
the plane without a recharge by the pilot while in San Juan. Whether
or not this led to complete electrical failure will never be known.
However, since piston-engined aircraft rely upon magnetos to
provide spark to their cylinders rather than a battery
powered ignition coil system, this theory is not strongly convincing.

31. On August 28, 1963, a pair of US Air Force KC-135
Stratotanker aircraft collided and crashed into the Atlantic.
The Triangle version (Winer, Berlitz, Gaddis) of this story
specifies that they did collide and crash, but there were two
distinct crash sites, separated by over 160 miles (260 km) of
water. However, Kusche's research showed that the
unclassified version of the Air Force investigation report
stated that the debris field defining the second "crash site"
was examined by a search and rescue ship, and found to be a
mass of seaweed and driftwood tangled in an old buoy.

32. A pleasure yacht was found adrift in the Atlantic south of Bermuda on
September 26, 1955; it is usually stated in the stories (Berlitz, Winer) that the
crew vanished while the yacht survived being at sea during three hurricanes.
The 1955 Atlantic hurricane season shows Hurricane Ione passing nearby
between the 14th and 18th of that month, with Bermuda being affected by
winds of almost gale force. In his second book on the Bermuda Triangle, Winer
quoted from a letter he had received from Mr J.E. Challenor of Barbados:
On the morning of September 22 Connemara IV was lying to a heavy mooring
in the open roadstead of Carlisle Bay. Because of the approaching hurricane,
the owner strengthened the mooring ropes and put out two additional anchors.
There was little else he could do, as the exposed mooring was the only available
anchorage.

33. In this day of GPS navigation, it's hard to imagine a ship or plane could actually disappear. However, there
have been some recent disappearances attributed to the Bermuda Triangle:
 DC-3 N407D, lost on September 21, 1978
 Fighting Tiger 524, lost on February 22, 1978
 Beechcraft N9027Q, lost on February 11, 1980
 Ercoupe N3808H, lost on June 28, 1980
 Beech Bonanza, lost on January 6, 1981
 Piper Cherokee N3527E, lost on March 26, 1986
 Grumman Cougar Jet, lost on October 31, 1991
 Jamanic K motor vessel, lost en route from Cape Haitian to Miami on March 20, 1995
 Genesis motor vessel, disappeared en route from Port of Spain, Trinidad to St. Vincent on April 21, 1999
 Cessna 210, drops off radar from Freeport to Nassau on June 14, 1999

34. IN AN AREA that stretches from the Florida coast to
Bermuda to Puerto Rico, the infamous Bermuda
Triangle also known as the Deadly Triangle or
Devil's Triangle - has been blamed for hundreds of
shipwrecks, plane crashes, mysterious
disappearances, craft instrument malfunctions and
other unexplained phenomena. Author Vincent
Gaddis is credited for coining the term "Bermuda
Triangle" back in 1964 in an article he wrote
for Argosy magazine, in which he catalogued many
of the anomalous events in the area, and several
other authors, including Charles Berlitz and Ivan
Sanderson, have added to their number.

35. Fortean researcher Ivan
Sanderson suspected that the
strange sea and sky
phenomena, mechanical and
instrument malfunctions, and
mysterious disappearances
were the result of what he
called "vile vortices" where, he
said, "tremendous hot and cold
currents crossing the most
active zones might create the
electromagnetic gymnastics
affecting instruments and
vehicles."

36. It's been suggested that from time to time a rift in
space-time opens up in the Bermuda Triangle, and
that planes and ships that are unlucky enough to be
traveling the area at this time are lost in it. That is
why, it is said, that often
utterly no trace of the
craft - not even wreckage
- is ever found. But
where do they disappear
to? Another time and
place? Another
dimension?

37.  "The Fog: A Never before Published Theory of the
Bermuda Triangle Phenomenon," by Rob MacGregor and
Bruce Gernon include reports of an "electronic fog" that
both men experienced while flying in the Bermuda
Triangle. On December 4, 1970, Gernon and his father
were flying to Bimini in clear skies when they saw a
strange cloud with almost perfectly round edges hovering
over the Miami shore. As they flew over it, the cloud
began spreading out, matching or exceeding their speed.
At 11,500 feet, they thought that they had escaped the
"cloud," only to discover that it had formed a tunnel. It
appeared the only way they could escape the cloud was to
go through the tunnel. Once inside, they saw lines on the
walls that spun in a counterclockwise direction. Gernon's
navigational instruments went haywire and the compass
spun counterclockwise.

38. By the time author Vincent Gaddis coined the phrase
“Bermuda Triangle” in a 1964 magazine article,
additional mysterious accidents had occurred in the
area, including three passenger planes that went down
despite having just sent “all’s well” messages. Charles
Berlitz, whose grandfather founded the Berlitz
language schools, stoked the legend even further in
1974 with a sensational bestseller about the legend.
Since then, scores of fellow paranormal writers have
blamed the triangle’s supposed lethalness on
everything from aliens, Atlantis and sea monsters to
time warps and reverse gravity fields, whereas more
scientifically minded theorists have pointed to
magnetic anomalies, waterspouts or huge eruptions of
methane gas from the ocean floor

39. It’s hard to come to a final judgment on the Bermuda
Triangle and its' phenomenal events. The lack of
evidence to tracing the missing boats, planes, and their
members leads me to believe the Triangle is purely
supernatural. The radical theories that have been
created to come up with some sound reason for the
disappearances are near fantasy and are hard to follow
through with so little evidence. However, as frightening
the area may be I’d still like to travel through it and
hope to discover at least one of its’ hundreds of
mysteries. Hopefully I’m able to make it through with
my camera and receive numerous hits on YouTube. If
anything else I’d like to think of my trip as similar to the
Greek poem The Odysssey. I wouldn’t be surprised if I
ran into a plane grabbing Cyclops, the Sirens with
voices strong enough to make electrical equipment go
haywire, or even the boat and human eating Kraken.