Integrating benchmarks into your health plan delivers positive results for employers and employees. We call it healthcare intelligence; the act of using independent data to improve health plan efficiency and outcomes for the benefit of employees.
Maximize the Value of End-of-Month ReportsCaryl Serbin
Learn how to identify and improve your ambulatory surgery center's revenue cycle management efforts and cash flow in this column from Caryl Serbin of Serbin Medical Billing for ASCA's ASC Focus magazine.
Describes about how tele-health and care management helps in saving time, value to the users like better monitoring, personalized care plans. For more information visit: http://www.transformhealth-it.org/
Lars Hyland presented a session at ‘Mobile learning: the real deal’ with examples of mobile apps within healthcare and higher education sectors. See the video of Lars' presentation here - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_3HcclkGto
Maximize the Value of End-of-Month ReportsCaryl Serbin
Learn how to identify and improve your ambulatory surgery center's revenue cycle management efforts and cash flow in this column from Caryl Serbin of Serbin Medical Billing for ASCA's ASC Focus magazine.
Describes about how tele-health and care management helps in saving time, value to the users like better monitoring, personalized care plans. For more information visit: http://www.transformhealth-it.org/
Lars Hyland presented a session at ‘Mobile learning: the real deal’ with examples of mobile apps within healthcare and higher education sectors. See the video of Lars' presentation here - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_3HcclkGto
The Indian healthcare industry has progressed at an impressive pace over the past few years. The private sector has emerged as a vibrant force in the industry, accounting for almost 74 per cent of the country’s total healthcare expenditure.
The Indian healthcare revenues stood at US$ 68.4 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach US$ 158.2 billion by 2017. Of the total healthcare revenues in the country, hospitals account for 71 per cent, pharmaceuticals for 13 per cent and medical equipment and supplies for 9 per cent.
India offers both a huge patient pool, favourable regulatory environment and cost advantage for conducting clinical trials. The low cost of medical services has resulted in a rise in the country’s medical tourism, attracting patients from across the world.
The Government of India has created the National Health Mission (NHM) for providing effective healthcare to both urban and rural population.
Learn more about Monty C. M. Metzger at http://blog.monty.de/keynote-speaker
Contact me at monty (at) aheadoftime (dot) de
Mobile Health (mHealth)
What are the key trends in mHealth? What are the best example and cases of mHealth today?
What role will the mobile phone play for the health, pharma and medicine industry? And what can your cell phone do for your personal health?
In highly regulated healthcare environments, mobile technology advancements enable greater -flexibility, portability, interactivity and better patient care than ever before. This infographic presents different use cases for the latest technologies.
The Changing Landscape: Value-Based Purchasing, Reimbursement and its Impact ...marcus evans Network
Troy Trosclair, HCA MidAmerica Division - Speaker at the marcus evans National Healthcare CNO Summit, held in Hollywood, FL, April 26-28, 2012, delivered his presentation entitled The Changing Landscape: Value-Based Purchasing, Reimbursement and its Impact on Nursing
The OIG Fraud Alert warns providers against overpaying physician in medical director positions. However, even if you have checked the payment rates on every medical director contract, you may still be paying too many medical directors.
Key Findings from MD Ranger's 2018 Total Facility Benchmarks ReportMD Ranger, Inc.
Review key findings from our recently published 2018 Total Facility Benchmark Reports, as well as compare them to past years' reports to uncover trends in physician payments.
This presentation covers:
-How much hospitals spend on call coverage and medical directorships
-Facility-wide physician contracting trends
-How healthcare organizations use facility-wide benchmarks to drive better performance
-And more!
4508 Final Quality Project Part 2 Clinical Quality Measur.docxblondellchancy
4508 Final Quality Project
Part 2: Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals
Overview
This activity focuses on Quality Measures for Hospitals. The activity uses online resources from
the CMS website. The Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals activity focuses on the Hospital
Value Based Purchasing (VBP) Program
Background
The National Quality Strategy (NQS) was first published in March 2011 as the National Strategy
for Quality Improvement in Health Care, and is led by the Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality on behalf of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Today, the NQS
serves as a guide for identifying and prioritizing quality improvement efforts, sharing lessons
learned, and measuring the collective success of Federal, State, and public‐ and private‐sector
healthcare stakeholders across the country.
The Aims of the NQS are threefold:
Better Care: Improve the overall quality by making health care more patient‐centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by
supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental
determinants of health in addition to delivering higher‐quality care.
Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families,
employers, and government.
To align with this, CMS has set goals for their Quality Strategy. These include:
• Make care safer by reducing harm caused in the delivery of care
– Improve support for a culture of safety
– Reduce inappropriate and unnecessary care
– Prevent or minimize harm in all settings
• Strengthen person and family engagement as partners in their care
• Promote effective communication and coordination of care
• Promote effective prevention and treatment of chronic disease
• Work with communities to promote best practices of healthy living
• Make care affordable
CMS’s vision states that if we can find better ways to pay providers, deliver care, and distribute
information than patients can receive better care, health dollars are spent more wisely, and
there are healthier communities, a healthier economy, and a healthier county. It is with this in
mind that they have created multiple quality payment programs.
In January 2015, the Department of Health and Human Services made an announcement that
set in place measurable goals and a timeline to move the Medicare program towards paying
providers based on the quality of care rather than the quantity. This was the first time in the
history of the program that explicit goals were set. They invited private sector payers to match
or exceed these goals as well. These goals included:
1. Alternative Payment Models
a. 30% of Medicare payments tied to quality or value through Alternative Payment
models by the end of 2016 and 50% by the end of 2018
2. Linking Fee‐For‐Service payments to Quality/Value
a. 85% of all Medi ...
4508 Final Quality Project Part 2 Clinical Quality Measurromeliadoan
4508 Final Quality Project
Part 2: Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals
Overview
This activity focuses on Quality Measures for Hospitals. The activity uses online resources from
the CMS website. The Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals activity focuses on the Hospital
Value Based Purchasing (VBP) Program
Background
The National Quality Strategy (NQS) was first published in March 2011 as the National Strategy
for Quality Improvement in Health Care, and is led by the Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality on behalf of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Today, the NQS
serves as a guide for identifying and prioritizing quality improvement efforts, sharing lessons
learned, and measuring the collective success of Federal, State, and public‐ and private‐sector
healthcare stakeholders across the country.
The Aims of the NQS are threefold:
Better Care: Improve the overall quality by making health care more patient‐centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by
supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental
determinants of health in addition to delivering higher‐quality care.
Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families,
employers, and government.
To align with this, CMS has set goals for their Quality Strategy. These include:
• Make care safer by reducing harm caused in the delivery of care
– Improve support for a culture of safety
– Reduce inappropriate and unnecessary care
– Prevent or minimize harm in all settings
• Strengthen person and family engagement as partners in their care
• Promote effective communication and coordination of care
• Promote effective prevention and treatment of chronic disease
• Work with communities to promote best practices of healthy living
• Make care affordable
CMS’s vision states that if we can find better ways to pay providers, deliver care, and distribute
information than patients can receive better care, health dollars are spent more wisely, and
there are healthier communities, a healthier economy, and a healthier county. It is with this in
mind that they have created multiple quality payment programs.
In January 2015, the Department of Health and Human Services made an announcement that
set in place measurable goals and a timeline to move the Medicare program towards paying
providers based on the quality of care rather than the quantity. This was the first time in the
history of the program that explicit goals were set. They invited private sector payers to match
or exceed these goals as well. These goals included:
1. Alternative Payment Models
a. 30% of Medicare payments tied to quality or value through Alternative Payment
models by the end of 2016 and 50% by the end of 2018
2. Linking Fee‐For‐Service payments to Quality/Value
a. 85% of all Medi ...
Health Leaders Media Fact File Accurate Insurance Solutions TampaBrian Brady
Tampa Benefit Consultants infographic health leaders media fact file. Health systems performance. Employee Benefit/HR consultants in Tampa. Group Health Insurance 813-994-4114 ext 353
www.accurateinsurancesolutions.com
To lower health costs, physician networks and medical homes must employ a closed loop population management program that focus on patient SOH stratification, chronic disease management, care coordination and incentive management. This approach will enable them to consistently reduce ER and inpatient admissions, which are the greatest expenditures in health care today.
The Indian healthcare industry has progressed at an impressive pace over the past few years. The private sector has emerged as a vibrant force in the industry, accounting for almost 74 per cent of the country’s total healthcare expenditure.
The Indian healthcare revenues stood at US$ 68.4 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach US$ 158.2 billion by 2017. Of the total healthcare revenues in the country, hospitals account for 71 per cent, pharmaceuticals for 13 per cent and medical equipment and supplies for 9 per cent.
India offers both a huge patient pool, favourable regulatory environment and cost advantage for conducting clinical trials. The low cost of medical services has resulted in a rise in the country’s medical tourism, attracting patients from across the world.
The Government of India has created the National Health Mission (NHM) for providing effective healthcare to both urban and rural population.
Learn more about Monty C. M. Metzger at http://blog.monty.de/keynote-speaker
Contact me at monty (at) aheadoftime (dot) de
Mobile Health (mHealth)
What are the key trends in mHealth? What are the best example and cases of mHealth today?
What role will the mobile phone play for the health, pharma and medicine industry? And what can your cell phone do for your personal health?
In highly regulated healthcare environments, mobile technology advancements enable greater -flexibility, portability, interactivity and better patient care than ever before. This infographic presents different use cases for the latest technologies.
The Changing Landscape: Value-Based Purchasing, Reimbursement and its Impact ...marcus evans Network
Troy Trosclair, HCA MidAmerica Division - Speaker at the marcus evans National Healthcare CNO Summit, held in Hollywood, FL, April 26-28, 2012, delivered his presentation entitled The Changing Landscape: Value-Based Purchasing, Reimbursement and its Impact on Nursing
The OIG Fraud Alert warns providers against overpaying physician in medical director positions. However, even if you have checked the payment rates on every medical director contract, you may still be paying too many medical directors.
Key Findings from MD Ranger's 2018 Total Facility Benchmarks ReportMD Ranger, Inc.
Review key findings from our recently published 2018 Total Facility Benchmark Reports, as well as compare them to past years' reports to uncover trends in physician payments.
This presentation covers:
-How much hospitals spend on call coverage and medical directorships
-Facility-wide physician contracting trends
-How healthcare organizations use facility-wide benchmarks to drive better performance
-And more!
4508 Final Quality Project Part 2 Clinical Quality Measur.docxblondellchancy
4508 Final Quality Project
Part 2: Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals
Overview
This activity focuses on Quality Measures for Hospitals. The activity uses online resources from
the CMS website. The Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals activity focuses on the Hospital
Value Based Purchasing (VBP) Program
Background
The National Quality Strategy (NQS) was first published in March 2011 as the National Strategy
for Quality Improvement in Health Care, and is led by the Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality on behalf of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Today, the NQS
serves as a guide for identifying and prioritizing quality improvement efforts, sharing lessons
learned, and measuring the collective success of Federal, State, and public‐ and private‐sector
healthcare stakeholders across the country.
The Aims of the NQS are threefold:
Better Care: Improve the overall quality by making health care more patient‐centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by
supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental
determinants of health in addition to delivering higher‐quality care.
Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families,
employers, and government.
To align with this, CMS has set goals for their Quality Strategy. These include:
• Make care safer by reducing harm caused in the delivery of care
– Improve support for a culture of safety
– Reduce inappropriate and unnecessary care
– Prevent or minimize harm in all settings
• Strengthen person and family engagement as partners in their care
• Promote effective communication and coordination of care
• Promote effective prevention and treatment of chronic disease
• Work with communities to promote best practices of healthy living
• Make care affordable
CMS’s vision states that if we can find better ways to pay providers, deliver care, and distribute
information than patients can receive better care, health dollars are spent more wisely, and
there are healthier communities, a healthier economy, and a healthier county. It is with this in
mind that they have created multiple quality payment programs.
In January 2015, the Department of Health and Human Services made an announcement that
set in place measurable goals and a timeline to move the Medicare program towards paying
providers based on the quality of care rather than the quantity. This was the first time in the
history of the program that explicit goals were set. They invited private sector payers to match
or exceed these goals as well. These goals included:
1. Alternative Payment Models
a. 30% of Medicare payments tied to quality or value through Alternative Payment
models by the end of 2016 and 50% by the end of 2018
2. Linking Fee‐For‐Service payments to Quality/Value
a. 85% of all Medi ...
4508 Final Quality Project Part 2 Clinical Quality Measurromeliadoan
4508 Final Quality Project
Part 2: Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals
Overview
This activity focuses on Quality Measures for Hospitals. The activity uses online resources from
the CMS website. The Clinical Quality Measures for Hospitals activity focuses on the Hospital
Value Based Purchasing (VBP) Program
Background
The National Quality Strategy (NQS) was first published in March 2011 as the National Strategy
for Quality Improvement in Health Care, and is led by the Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality on behalf of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Today, the NQS
serves as a guide for identifying and prioritizing quality improvement efforts, sharing lessons
learned, and measuring the collective success of Federal, State, and public‐ and private‐sector
healthcare stakeholders across the country.
The Aims of the NQS are threefold:
Better Care: Improve the overall quality by making health care more patient‐centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by
supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental
determinants of health in addition to delivering higher‐quality care.
Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families,
employers, and government.
To align with this, CMS has set goals for their Quality Strategy. These include:
• Make care safer by reducing harm caused in the delivery of care
– Improve support for a culture of safety
– Reduce inappropriate and unnecessary care
– Prevent or minimize harm in all settings
• Strengthen person and family engagement as partners in their care
• Promote effective communication and coordination of care
• Promote effective prevention and treatment of chronic disease
• Work with communities to promote best practices of healthy living
• Make care affordable
CMS’s vision states that if we can find better ways to pay providers, deliver care, and distribute
information than patients can receive better care, health dollars are spent more wisely, and
there are healthier communities, a healthier economy, and a healthier county. It is with this in
mind that they have created multiple quality payment programs.
In January 2015, the Department of Health and Human Services made an announcement that
set in place measurable goals and a timeline to move the Medicare program towards paying
providers based on the quality of care rather than the quantity. This was the first time in the
history of the program that explicit goals were set. They invited private sector payers to match
or exceed these goals as well. These goals included:
1. Alternative Payment Models
a. 30% of Medicare payments tied to quality or value through Alternative Payment
models by the end of 2016 and 50% by the end of 2018
2. Linking Fee‐For‐Service payments to Quality/Value
a. 85% of all Medi ...
Health Leaders Media Fact File Accurate Insurance Solutions TampaBrian Brady
Tampa Benefit Consultants infographic health leaders media fact file. Health systems performance. Employee Benefit/HR consultants in Tampa. Group Health Insurance 813-994-4114 ext 353
www.accurateinsurancesolutions.com
To lower health costs, physician networks and medical homes must employ a closed loop population management program that focus on patient SOH stratification, chronic disease management, care coordination and incentive management. This approach will enable them to consistently reduce ER and inpatient admissions, which are the greatest expenditures in health care today.
The QualityNet Hospital-Specific Report, Readmissions Penalties, & Your HospitalMichael Passanante
The CMS Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) was effective for Medicare discharges beginning on October 1, 2012 and reduces payments to IPPS hospitals with excess readmissions. In FY 2015, over 2,600 hospitals will receive lower Medicare payments totaling $428 million in penalties. This is an increase of over $200 million from FY 2014. It is essentially impossible for hospitals to calculate their own readmission penalty.
Infection Prevention Practices on the Healthcare Frontier: Emerging Models of...bden129
Describes growth in ambulatory/outpatient care across broad specialties and in varied settings including micro-hospitals,
ambulatory surgery centers, freestanding emergency departments, urgent care, and other locations.
How to use quality registry data for quality improvementscanFOAM
A talk by Matti Reinikainen at the 2017 meeting of the Scandinavian Society of Anaestesiology and Intensive Care Medicine.
All available content from SSAI2017: https://scanfoam.org/ssai2017/
Delivered in collaboration between scanFOAM, SSAI & SFAI.
Similar to Benchmarking: Control Your Health Plan (20)
Hospital Pricing Issues Cost Employers MoneyMark Gall
This five-year study details the wide variation of hospital prices for the same procedure in the same town. It considers the impact on the costs of private insurance plans from insurance companies including CIGNA, Anthem, Aetna and United HealthCare. See highlights on pages 1 through 6.
The cost of claims drives the cost of employer health plans. See a sample proposal on of a specialized, self-funded health plan that lowers claim costs and makes health care work for employees and employers.
White Paper: Breakthrough Behavioral NetworkMark Gall
A specialty provider network for mental health services.
The impressive clinical improvement for
Breakthrough patients is driving efficient
treatment episodes vs. other systems of care.
Overview of an Open-Platform Health Plan that Lowers Costs and Improves Perfo...Mark Gall
It's hard to gauge how well a health plan is performing. Do our employees understand and get the most out of their benefits? How effective is our wellness program? Are we paying too much for services? These are typical questions. An Open-Platform Health Plan is a self-funded health plan with unique features that allow an employer to establish, track and review performance benchmarks and reduce their exposure to risk.
HLU Consultants, Inc. is a privately held, independent consulting firm based out of Cincinnati, OH since 1961. The consultants at HLU successfully bring together a tremendous amount of industry expertise, valued partners and innovative technologies to design a better, cost-efficient health plan around a customer’s workforce. They help employers establish meaningful benchmarks so they can gauge the success of their plan with a focus on reducing costs, improving outcomes and helping employees successfully navigate the complex healthcare system.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
The "ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance" PDF provides a comprehensive overview of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines related to pharmacovigilance. These guidelines aim to ensure that drugs are safe and effective for patients by monitoring and assessing adverse effects, ensuring proper reporting systems, and improving risk management practices. The document is essential for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory authorities, and healthcare providers, offering detailed procedures and standards for pharmacovigilance activities to enhance drug safety and protect public health.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
