Amazon Lex is a service for building conversational interfaces into any application using voice and text. With Amazon Lex, the same deep learning technologies that power Amazon Alexa are now available to any developer, enabling you to quickly and easily build sophisticated, natural language conversational chatbots. No deep learning experience is required to immediately start creating chatbots that understand voice or text, to ask questions, get answers, and complete sophisticated tasks. Lex enables you to easily publish your chatbots to mobile devices, web apps, services, and platforms such as Facebook Messenger, Twilio and Slack. This session will go over the features available with Amazon Lex and how they can be used to build and deploy chatbots. Join us for this introductory presentation and learn more about Amazon Lex!

1. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
Guy Ernest, Amazon AI
August 14, 2017
Introducing Amazon Lex
Your Service for Building Voice and Text Chatbots

2. Amazon Lex
Why did we build Amazon Lex?
What is Amazon Lex?
How do I get started using Amazon Lex?
Q&A

3. Why did we build
Amazon Lex?

4. Advent of conversational interactions
1st gen:
Punch cards & memory registers
2nd gen:
Pointers & sliders
3nd gen:
Conversational interfaces

5. Conversational Access
On-demand
Accessible
Efficient
Natural
Conversational Access
On-demand
Accessible
Efficient
Natural
Conversational access

6. Developer challenges
Conversational interfaces need to combine a large number of
sophisticated algorithms and technologies
Speech
recognition Language
understanding
Business logic
Disparate
systems
Authentication
Messaging
platforms
Scale Testing
Security
Availability
Mobile

7. Amazon Lex:
A new service for building
conversational interfaces
using voice and text

8. Amazon Lex – Features
Text and speech language understanding: powered by the same
technology as Amazon Alexa
Enterprise SaaS connectors: connect to enterprise systems
Deployment to chat services
Designed for builders: efficient and intuitive tools to build
conversations; scales automatically
Versioning and alias support@

9. Metrics and Missed
Utterances
POST /bot/botName/alias/botAlias/user/userId/text
{
"inputText": "string",
"sessionAttributes": {
"string" : "string"
}
}
{
"dialogState ": "string",
"intentName ": "string",
"message": "string",
"responseCard ": {
"contentType ": "string",
"genericAttachments ": [ {
" attachmentLinkUrl ": "string",
" buttons ": [ {
" text": "string",
" value": "string"
}
],
" imageUrl ": "string",
" subTitle ": "string",
" title": "string"
}
],
"version": "string"
},
"sessionAttributes ": {
"string" : "string"
},
"slots": {
"string" : "string"
},
"slotToElicit ": "string"
}
Product Team
Frontend Team
Lex
Console
Automatic
Speech
Recognition
Natural
Language
Understanding
Mobile / GUI /
Mid Tier
Chatbot
Platforms
Mobile
Hub
Analytics
Channel
Cards
Backend Team
Code Hook
Fulfillment
Alexa
Channel
Config
Sample SDK Code
(iOS, Android, JS)
Sample Utterances
Slot Types + Values
1
{3}
Context Training
2
Post Text/Content
4
DialogCodeHook
{ "messageVersion": "1.0",
"invocationSource": " FulfillmentCodeHook or DialogCodeHook",
"userId": " user-id specified in the POST request.",
"inputTranscript": "Text used to process the request",
"sessionAttributes": {
"key1": " value1",
"key2": " value2",
},
"bot": {
"name": " bot-name",
"alias": " bot-alias",
"version": " bot-version"
},
"outputDialogMode": " Text or Voice",
"currentIntent": {
"name": " intent-name",
"slots": {
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value",
"slot-name": "value"
},
"confirmationStatus": " None, Confirmed, or Denied"
}
}
FulfillmentCodeHook
{6}
8
{9}
8
6,9
5
Speech / Text
Intent + Slot Values
Callback Endpoint URL
10
Bot Flow Steps:
1. Bot Definitions
2. Context Training
{3}. Sample App Download /
Chat Platform Configuration
4. Post User Input
5. Parse User Input
{6}. Interaction Validation
{7}. Interaction Augmentation
8. Return Response to User
{9}. Intent Fulfillment
10. Monitor Performance
{N} Optional Step
L ex N a vig a t ion M a p
Backend Systems
{7}
Fulfillment
Lookup
{3}
$4$0.75
10K 5K
Text Voice
Free Tier
Price / K
Pricing

10. Text and speech language understanding
Speech
recognition
Natural language
understanding
Powered by the same deep learning technology as Alexa

11. Designed for builders
Efficient and intuitive tools to build conversations

12. Deployment to chat services
Facebook
Messenger
Mobile
Card Description
Button 1
Button 2
Button 3
Card
Description
Option 1
Option 2
Authentication
Rich formattingOne-click deployment
Amazon Lex
Twilio SMS

13. AWS Mobile Hub integration
Authenticate users
Analyze user behavior
Store and share media
Synchronize data
More ….
Track retention
Conversational bots
Amazon LexAWS Mobile SDKs
AWS Mobile Hub

14. Versioning and alias support
AliasVersioning
• Supported for intents, slots, and bots
• Enables multideveloper environment
• Rollback to previous versions
• Deploy different aliases to different platforms
• Run different stacks for dev, stage and prod environments
• Target different user groups with different aliases
v1 v2 v3 latest
v1 Dev
v2 Stage
v3 Prod

15. Enterprise SaaS connectors with Mobile Hub
Mobile Hub
SaaS Connector
Amazon API
Gateway
AWS
Lambda
Amazon API
Gateway
AWS
Lambda
Mobile Hub
Custom Connector
Mobile App Amazon Lex
AWS
Lambda
Business
Application
Firewall

16. Enterprise SaaS Connectors with Mobile Hub
Amazon Lex
Mobile App
Mobile Hub
SaaS Connector
Amazon API
Gateway
AWS
Lambda
1: Understand
user intent
Amazon API
Gateway
AWS
Lambda
3: Translate
REST response
into natural
language
Mobile Hub
Custom Connector
2: Invoke a SaaS
application or an existing
business application
Business
Application
Firewall
User Input

17. Amazon Lex – use cases
Informational Bots
Chatbots for everyday consumer requests
Application Bots
Build powerful interfaces to mobile applications
• News updates
• Weather information
• Game scores …
• Book tickets
• Order food
• Manage bank accounts …
Enterprise Productivity Bots
Streamline enterprise work activities and improve efficiencies
• Check sales numbers
• Marketing performance
• Inventory status …
Internet of Things (IoT) Bots
Enable conversational interfaces for device interactions
• Wearables
• Appliances
• Auto …

18. Amazon Lex benefits
High quality text and speech language
understanding
Built-in integration with the AWS platform
Seamlessly deploy and scale
Easy to use
Cost effective

19. Amazon Lex
Utterances
Spoken or typed phrases that invoke
your intent
BookHotel
Intents
An intent performs an action in
response to natural language user
input
Slots
Slots are input data required to fulfill
the intent
Fulfillment
Fulfillment mechanism for your intent

20. “Book a hotel”
Book hotel
NYC
“Book a hotel in
NYC”
Automatic speech
recognition
Hotel booking
New York City
Natural language
understanding
Intent/slot
Model
UtterancesHotel Booking
City New York City
Check in Nov 30th
Check out Dec 2nd
“Your hotel is booked for
Nov 30th”
Amazon Polly
Confirmation: “Your hotel
is booked for Nov 30th”
“Can I go ahead
with the booking?
a
in

21. Utterances
I’d like to book a hotel
I want to make my hotel reservations
I want to book a hotel in New York City
Can you help me book my hotel?

22. Slots
Destination City New York City, Seattle, London …
Slot Type Values
Check in Date Valid dates
Check out Date Valid dates

23. Slot elicitation
I’d like to book a hotel
What date do you check in?
New York City
Sure, what city do you want to book?
Nov 30th Check in
11/30/2017
City
New York City

24. Fulfillment
AWS Lambda
integration
Return to
client
User input parsed to derive
intents and slot values.
Output returned to client for
further processing.
Intents and slots passed to
AWS Lambda function for
business logic
implementation.

25. Save, build, and publish
Save Build
Saving your bot
preserves the current
state on the server
Building your bot
creates versions
that you can test
Publish
Publishing your app will create a
version of your bot and provide
an alias to your clients
Test
Test your bot in a
chat window on the
console

26. Monitoring
Track your bot
Request latency
Missed utterance count
Traffic by channel

27. Customer testimonials: Capital One
“A highly scalable solution, it also offers potential to speed time to market for a new generation of voice
and text interactions such as our recently launched Capital One skill for Alexa.”
“As a heavy user of AWS, Amazon Lex’s seamless integration with
other AWS services like AWS Lambda and AWS DynamoDB is really
appealing.”

28. Customer testimonials: HubSpot
“Through Amazon's Lex, we're adding sophisticated natural language processing capabilities that help
GrowthBot provide a more intuitive UI for our users. Amazon Lex lets us take advantage of advanced AI
and machine learning without having to code the algorithms ourselves.”
“HubSpot's GrowthBot is an all-in-one chatbot which helps marketers and sales people be more
productive by providing access to relevant data and services using a conversational
interface. With GrowthBot, marketers can get help creating content, researching competitors,
and monitoring their analytics.”

29. Amazon Lex pricing
Text Speech
Price per 1000 requests $0.75 $4.00
Free Tier*
(requests per month) 10,000 5,000
*Available for the first year upon sign-up to new Amazon Lex customers

30. Amazon Lex – technology
Amazon Lex
Automatic Speech
Recognition (ASR)
Natural Language
Understanding (NLU)
Same technology that powers Alexa
Amazon Cognito CloudTrail CloudWatch
AWS Services
Action
AWS Lambda
Authentication
& Visibility
Speech
API
Language
API
Fulfillment
End Users
Developers
Console
SDK
Intents,
Slots,
Prompts,
Utterances
Input:
Speech
or Text
Multi-Platform Clients:
Mobile, IoT, Web,
Chat
API
Output:
Speech (via Amazon Polly TTS)
or Text

31. How do I get started using
Amazon Lex?

32. Sign up for a free account @
https://aws.amazon.com/lex
Build your first bot!
✔
✔
✔

33. AWS Chatbot Challenge
• Visit awschatbot2017.devpost.com to learn more
Rewards included a total prize pool of $10,000, complimentary tickets
to AWS re:Invent in Las Vegas on 11/27–12/1, AWS credits, and more!
Sponsored by

34. Q & A

35. Thank you!
https://aws.amazon.com/lex