Basic English 4 - Adjectives .pptx

Let’s review what we
have learned on the last
meetings

WHAT are THese TOPICs
ABOUT?
Using comparative
and Superlative
Adjectives to deal
with task 1 IELTS

...and did you know this?
If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link,
change the data and replace it here
Making comparisons is a
requirement in any question.
You’ll find this sentence in all
task 1 questions.
‘Summarise the information
by selecting and reporting the
main features and make
comparisons where possible’
So you can use this grammar
with any question but it’s
especially useful for
comparative graphs, tables,
pie charts and even maps.

Grammar: Comparative adjectives
Answer the questions.
Use the sentences in the grammar box to help you.
Everything is more modern than at my old office.
The dress code is a lot less formal.
The weather is worse than at home.
The money is better.
It’s colder, wetter, windier.
1. Which word do you use after a comparative adjective to compare two
or more things?
2. What are the opposites of more formal and less modern?
3. What are the comparatives of good and bad?
Answer: than
Answer: less formal, more modern
Answer: better, worse

Comparative Structures
1. Fewer/less + noun to show there is less of one thing than another
■ fewer + count nouns less + non-count nouns
The new project will require fewer resources and less time.
2. Rather than to show a preference for something
■ Compare nouns/pronouns
■ Use verbs to compare activities (base form of the verb or verb + -ing)
■ To can be used instead of rather than with prefer but not with other verbs
I prefer ocean exploration rather than space exploration.
I prefer to study the ocean rather than
learn/learning about space. I prefer the
ocean to deep space.
I want to study Earth rather than Mars. not I want to study Earth to Mars.

3. Verb + more/less (as a pronoun)
I know less/more about Venus than about Mars.
4. Adjective + (not) enough + infinitive to compare the degree of actual
and required ability
Technology is (not) advanced enough to send people to Mars.
5. A comparative + infinitive to compare actions
It’s easier to use a tablet than (to use) a laptop.
6. For many comparative structures, you do not need to repeat the first
subject and verb.
We’re less likely to find life on the moon than (we are to find life) on
Mars.

1. I would definitely prefer to explore space rather than study the ocean.
2. We can learn more from research into space than most people realize.
3. Space exploration just isn’t useful enough to justify the cost.
4. It’s less important to fix future problems than (it is) to fix current
ones. There are fewer benefits to space exploration.

1. When comparing, put the thing you like less after prefer /
rather than. To compare actions, use a gerund or the base form of
the verb / past participle after rather than.
2. When using more or less as a pronoun, put it after / before a verb.
3. Use a gerund / an infinitive after an adjective + enough.
4. Use less with count / non-count nouns. Use fewer with count / non-
count nouns.
5. You always have to / don’t always have to repeat the first subject + verb
in comparative structures.
Circle the correct options to complete the rules.

1. We haven’t been lucky to see a whale in the ocean.
2. Larry prefers sea animals land animals.
3. We see turtles on the beach than in the ocean. There are many more of
them in the ocean.
4. Scientists know about Venus than about Mars. Venus hasn’t
been explored as much.
5. Vicky wants to work with animals people.
6. It’s difficult to memorize dates than it is to remember names.
Complete the sentences. Use constructions from the previous grammar box.

Superlative adjectives
Circle the correct options to complete the rules.
Use the sentences in the grammar box to help you.
Isn’t he the cutest little baby?
He was the most sensitive child.
Why do you always want to show people the worst pictures of me?
This is the best one of all.
1. Superlative adjectives usually begin with a / the.
2. Superlatives compare two things / three or more things.
3. Short superlatives end with -er / -est. Longer superlatives begin with
the most / more.
4. The superlative of good is the best / the worst. The superlative of bad is
the best / the worst.

Superlative Structures
1. With quantities: Phrases such as one of, two of, and some of +
superlative adjective + plural noun
i.e: This country has some of the highest mountains in the world.
2. With to: Use a superlative + infinitive to show function or purpose.
May is the best time to hike here
3. Least is the opposite of most (the comparative form is less)
This is surely the least suitable environment for anything to live.

Superlative Structures
4. With that clauses:
Use a superlative + a that clause. The use of that is optional.
It’s the most fascination place (that) I’ve ever visited.
5. Ellipsis with the: Shows that one or more words have been left out to
avoid repetition.
I have three sisters. Susana is the youngest (sister).

There were considerably more European tourists than
American.
The number of Chinese visitors were slightly more than the South
Africans at 10% and 5 % respectively.

Another Comparative Structures
Remember you need a variety of structures to get a 7 and above.
Noun 1 Tobe not as Adj
as
Noun 2

Review!
1. She teaches less lesson on space than she does on the ocean.
2. It seems like there is less money available for space exploration then for
ocean exploration.
3. Traveling to Mars isn’t safe enough justifying sending humans there yet.
4. It’s much simpler to explore the ocean then to explore space.
Correct the mistakes in each sentence.
Comparative structures

Review!
1. She teaches fewer lesson on space than she does on the ocean.
2. It seems like there is less money available for space exploration than for
ocean exploration.
3. Traveling to Mars isn’t safe enough justify sending humans there yet.
Correct the mistakes in each sentence.
Comparative structures

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—Someone Famous
“This is a quote. Words full of
wisdom that someone important
said and can make the reader get
inspired.”

It’s the closest
planet to the Sun
and the smallest
one in our System
It’s the ringed one,
composed mostly
of hydrogen and
helium gas
Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full
of iron oxide dust
Venus has a
beautiful name
and is the second
planet from the
Sun
DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS
MERCURY SATURN MARS VENUS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 02 03 04
Overview Features
of the Topic
Assignment About the
Topic

Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot—even hotter than
Mercury—and its atmosphere is
extremely poisonous. It’s the second-
brightest natural object in the night
sky after the Moon
INTRODUCTION

Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust,
giving the planet its
reddish cast
It’s a gas giant and
the biggest planet in
our Solar System.
Jupiter is the fourth-
brightest object in
the sky
Venus has a
beautiful name and
is the second planet
from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot, even
hotter than Mercury
FEATURES OF THE TOPIC
MARS JUPITER VENUS

7.2M
10K
33,400
You can use them
to make an
impression
Remember that big
numbers grab a lot
of attention
In Spain, a comma
is used as a
decimal separator

PRACTICAL
USES OF THIS
SUBJECT
It’s the closest
planet to the Sun
MERCURY
Yes, this is the
ringed one
SATURN
Despite being red,
Mars is cold
MARS
Venus has a
beautiful name
VENUS

LESSON DEVELOPMENT
Mercury is the
smallest one
02
Saturn is the
ringed one
03
Despite being red,
Mars is cold
04
Venus has a
beautiful name
01

Insert your multimedia content here
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust, which gives the
planet its reddish cast

Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
MERCURY
Saturn is the ringed
planet and a gas giant
SATURN
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place
MARS
DID YOU KNOW...?

...and did you know this?
If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link,
change the data and replace it here
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust, which gives the
planet its reddish cast

Mercury is the
closest planet to the
Sun and the
smallest one in the
Solar System. It’s
only a bit larger
than our Moon
Jupiter is a gas
giant and the
biggest planet in
our Solar System. It’s
also the fourth-
brightest
object in the sky
PROBLEM SOLUTION

OVERVIEW DIAGRAM
PART 1 PART 2
LESSON 1
MARCH
FEBRUARY
JANUARY
DECEMBER
NOVEMBER
Mercury is
the closest
planet to
the Sun
LESSON 2 LESSON 3 LESSON 4 LESSON 5
Despite
being red,
Mars is a
cold place
Venus is
the second
planet from
the Sun
Saturn is
the ringed
planet and
a gas giant
Neptune is
the farthest
planet from
the Sun

EXERCISE
● Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun, but does its name
have anything to do with the
liquid metal?
● Contrary to popular belief, no.
The truth is that this planet
was named after the Roman
messenger god, Mercury
?
?

ASSIGNMENT
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun, and Neptune is the farthest one.
Calculate the distance between these
two planets
?

It’s the smallest
planet in our Solar
System and the
closest to the Sun
This is the ringed
planet, composed
mostly of hydrogen
and helium
Venus has a
beautiful name and
is the second planet
from the Sun
OTHER CONCEPTS
MERCURY SATURN VENUS
Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust
Jupiter is a gas
giant and the
biggest planet in
our Solar System
Neptune is the
farthest planet from
the Sun and the
fourth-largest
MARS JUPITER NEPTUNE

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JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL
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Basic English 4 - Adjectives .pptx

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