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S E O U L | M A Y 4 , 2 0 2 3
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Amazon EKS,
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•
•
•
•
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쿠버네티스
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쿠버네티스 컨트롤 플레인 (KCP)
쿠버네티스 데이터 플레인 (Node)
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가용 영역 1 가용 영역 2 가용 영역 3
매니지드 노드 그룹 Fargate 서비리스
컴퓨트
셀프 매니지드 EC2
Customer VPC
Etcd API 서버 Etcd API 서버 Etcd API 서버
워커 노드 워커 노드 워커 노드
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High Availability (HA) Disaster Recovery (DR)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
99.999%
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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03.
빠른 확장
대규모 트래픽에도
안정성 유지
02.
영향 범위 최소화
01.
자가 복구
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컨트롤 루프
Observe Act
Diff
Reconcile()
status:
spec:
현재 상태
원하는 상태
?
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apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.7.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
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Command
HTTP 요청 TCP Socket
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Readiness
애플리케이션이요청을
받을준비가되었는가?
readinessProbe:
exec:
command:
- cat
- /tmp/healthy
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 5
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HTTP /healthy
서비스 엔드포인트에서 제거
1
2
3
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Liveness
애플리케이션이건강한
상태인가?
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 5
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HTTP /healthy
컨테이너 재시작
1
2
3
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03.
빠른 확장
대규모 트래픽에도
안정성 유지
02.
영향 범위 최소화
01.
자가 복구
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
nginx nginx
nginx nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
노드 선정 기준
(node resource,
affinity,
request/limit,
…)
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nginx nginx
nginx nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
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nginx nginx
nginx nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
nginx
부하 발생
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spec:
affinity:
podAntiAffinity:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: app
operator: In
values:
- nginx
topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
Kubernetes.io/hostname이라는
Label 키를 가진 노드에
1
app: nginx 라는 Label을 가진
Pod가 이미 실행 중이라면
2
해당 노드에 Pod를 배포하지 마세요.
4
가급적(preferred), 반드시 (required)
3
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spec:
topologySpreadConstraints:
- maxSkew: 1
topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/zone
whenUnsatisfiable: DoNotSchedule
labelSelector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
app: nginx 라는 Label을 가진
Pod가 실행 될 때
1
최대 1개의 Pod 수 차이를 허용합니다.
3
노드의 가용영역을 기준으로 Pod를 분산하고,
2
예) maxSkew:1로 10개의 Pod를 3개의 가용영역에 배포한다면?
→ 4,3,3 또는 3,4,3 또는 3,3,4의 비율로 배포됨
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
order
review
order
review
• order : 중요도 높음
• review : 중요도 낮음
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order
review
order
review
노드 CPU/Memory 부하 발생
• order : 중요도 높음
• review : 중요도 낮음
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order
review
order
review
노드 CPU/Memory 부하 발생
Evicted
비즈니스에 영향을 주는 서비스가 축출됨
• order : 중요도 높음
• review : 중요도 낮음
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Request = Pod 배포를 위한 최소 요구 용량
Limit = Pod 에서 소비할 수 있는 최대 용량
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
03.
빠른 확장
대규모 트래픽에도
안정성 유지
02.
영향 범위 최소화
01.
자가 복구
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Application
LoadBalancer
사용자들
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Cluster
Auto Scaler
(CA)
Horizontal
Pod Autoscaler
(HPA)
CA
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• CA – Node
CA
Metric
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빠른 확장 노드 그룹 관리 Spot 인스턴스 활용
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단일 프로비저너 (Karpenter)로
다양한 워크로드 용량 관리
CA ASG
EC2 API
Cluster
Auto-
scaler
Auto
Scaling
Group
Pod
Autoscaling
Pending
pods
EC2 Fleet
(instant)
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Pending pods 기존 용량
Just-in-time capacity
Unschedulable pods
EC2로 API 요청
ASG를 관리하지
않고 적절한 크기의
인스턴스 생성
최적화된 용량
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
v1.24 v1.25
Amazon EKS
150일 14개월
3개월
업스트림 쿠버네티스
대비 100일 ~ 150일 정도
늦은 릴리즈 주기를 가짐
릴리즈 된 버전은 최대
14개월 동안 지원
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
워커 노드 1
워커 노드 2
워커 노드 3
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
워커 노드 4
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
워커 노드 5
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
워커 노드 6
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
Cordon
Scheduling
Disabled
Drain
Updating
Cordon Drain
Cordon Drain
Scheduling
Disabled
Scheduling
Disabled
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워커 노드 1
워커 노드 2
워커 노드 3
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
kubelet
kube-proxy
Container Runtime
apiVersion: policy/v1
kind: PodDisruptionBudget
metadata:
name: nginx
spec:
minAvailable: 4
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
1
3
Drain
2
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예기치 못한 장애
이전 버전 롤백 불가능 한단계씩 버전 업데이트
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VPC - Blue
1 2
Blue
VPC - Green
1 2
Green
Route53
1.22
1.23
( )
Application Load
Balancer
Application Load
Balancer
1
3
2
가중치 100
4
가중치 0
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VPC - Blue
1 2
Blue
VPC - Green
1 2
Green
Route53
1.22
1.23
( )
Application Load
Balancer
Application Load
Balancer
2
가중치 90
1
가중치 10
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
VPC - Blue
1 2
Blue
VPC - Green
1 2
Green
Route53
1.22
1.23
( )
Application Load
Balancer
Application Load
Balancer
2
가중치 0
1
가중치 100
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
VPC - Blue
1 2
Blue
VPC - Green
1 2
Green
Route53
1.22
1.23
( )
Application Load
Balancer
Application Load
Balancer
2
가중치 0
1
가중치 100
클러스터 삭제
3
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
EKS Blueprints
for CDK
인프라 코드화 GitOps
Add-ons
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
01 02 03
컨트롤 플레인 데이터 플레인 버전 업데이트
안정성
© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
https://github.com/aws/containers-roadmap/projects/1?card_filter_query=eks https://aws.github.io/aws-eks-best-practices/
Amazon EKS 로드맵 Amazon EKS 모범 사례
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© 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

AWS Summit Seoul 2023 | Amazon EKS, 중요한 건 꺾이지 않는 안정성

  • 1.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. S E O U L | M A Y 4 , 2 0 2 3
  • 2.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon EKS,
  • 3.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. • • • •
  • 4.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 5.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 쿠버네티스
  • 6.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 쿠버네티스 컨트롤 플레인 (KCP) 쿠버네티스 데이터 플레인 (Node)
  • 7.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 8.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 가용 영역 1 가용 영역 2 가용 영역 3 매니지드 노드 그룹 Fargate 서비리스 컴퓨트 셀프 매니지드 EC2 Customer VPC Etcd API 서버 Etcd API 서버 Etcd API 서버 워커 노드 워커 노드 워커 노드
  • 9.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 10.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 11.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. High Availability (HA) Disaster Recovery (DR) • • • • • • • 99.999%
  • 12.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 13.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 14.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 15.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 16.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 17.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 18.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 19.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 03. 빠른 확장 대규모 트래픽에도 안정성 유지 02. 영향 범위 최소화 01. 자가 복구
  • 20.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 21.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 컨트롤 루프 Observe Act Diff Reconcile() status: spec: 현재 상태 원하는 상태 ?
  • 22.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment labels: app: nginx spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx template: metadata: labels: app: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.7.9 ports: - containerPort: 80
  • 23.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 24.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Command HTTP 요청 TCP Socket
  • 25.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Readiness 애플리케이션이요청을 받을준비가되었는가? readinessProbe: exec: command: - cat - /tmp/healthy initialDelaySeconds: 5 periodSeconds: 5
  • 26.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. HTTP /healthy 서비스 엔드포인트에서 제거 1 2 3
  • 27.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Liveness 애플리케이션이건강한 상태인가? livenessProbe: httpGet: path: /healthz port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 5 periodSeconds: 5
  • 28.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. HTTP /healthy 컨테이너 재시작 1 2 3
  • 29.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 03. 빠른 확장 대규모 트래픽에도 안정성 유지 02. 영향 범위 최소화 01. 자가 복구
  • 30.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx 노드 선정 기준 (node resource, affinity, request/limit, …)
  • 31.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx
  • 32.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx nginx 부하 발생
  • 33.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. spec: affinity: podAntiAffinity: preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: - labelSelector: matchExpressions: - key: app operator: In values: - nginx topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname" containers: - name: nginx image: nginx Kubernetes.io/hostname이라는 Label 키를 가진 노드에 1 app: nginx 라는 Label을 가진 Pod가 이미 실행 중이라면 2 해당 노드에 Pod를 배포하지 마세요. 4 가급적(preferred), 반드시 (required) 3
  • 34.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. spec: topologySpreadConstraints: - maxSkew: 1 topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/zone whenUnsatisfiable: DoNotSchedule labelSelector: matchLabels: app: nginx containers: - name: nginx image: nginx app: nginx 라는 Label을 가진 Pod가 실행 될 때 1 최대 1개의 Pod 수 차이를 허용합니다. 3 노드의 가용영역을 기준으로 Pod를 분산하고, 2 예) maxSkew:1로 10개의 Pod를 3개의 가용영역에 배포한다면? → 4,3,3 또는 3,4,3 또는 3,3,4의 비율로 배포됨
  • 35.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 36.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 37.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. order review order review • order : 중요도 높음 • review : 중요도 낮음
  • 38.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. order review order review 노드 CPU/Memory 부하 발생 • order : 중요도 높음 • review : 중요도 낮음
  • 39.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. order review order review 노드 CPU/Memory 부하 발생 Evicted 비즈니스에 영향을 주는 서비스가 축출됨 • order : 중요도 높음 • review : 중요도 낮음
  • 40.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Request = Pod 배포를 위한 최소 요구 용량 Limit = Pod 에서 소비할 수 있는 최대 용량
  • 41.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 42.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 43.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 44.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 45.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 03. 빠른 확장 대규모 트래픽에도 안정성 유지 02. 영향 범위 최소화 01. 자가 복구
  • 46.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Application LoadBalancer 사용자들
  • 47.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cluster Auto Scaler (CA) Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) CA
  • 48.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. • CA – Node CA Metric
  • 49.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 빠른 확장 노드 그룹 관리 Spot 인스턴스 활용
  • 50.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 단일 프로비저너 (Karpenter)로 다양한 워크로드 용량 관리 CA ASG EC2 API Cluster Auto- scaler Auto Scaling Group Pod Autoscaling Pending pods EC2 Fleet (instant)
  • 51.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pending pods 기존 용량 Just-in-time capacity Unschedulable pods EC2로 API 요청 ASG를 관리하지 않고 적절한 크기의 인스턴스 생성 최적화된 용량
  • 52.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 53.
    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. v1.24 v1.25 Amazon EKS 150일 14개월 3개월 업스트림 쿠버네티스 대비 100일 ~ 150일 정도 늦은 릴리즈 주기를 가짐 릴리즈 된 버전은 최대 14개월 동안 지원
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 워커 노드 1 워커 노드 2 워커 노드 3 kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime 워커 노드 4 kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime 워커 노드 5 kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime 워커 노드 6 kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime Cordon Scheduling Disabled Drain Updating Cordon Drain Cordon Drain Scheduling Disabled Scheduling Disabled
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 워커 노드 1 워커 노드 2 워커 노드 3 kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime kubelet kube-proxy Container Runtime apiVersion: policy/v1 kind: PodDisruptionBudget metadata: name: nginx spec: minAvailable: 4 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx 1 3 Drain 2
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 예기치 못한 장애 이전 버전 롤백 불가능 한단계씩 버전 업데이트
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VPC - Blue 1 2 Blue VPC - Green 1 2 Green Route53 1.22 1.23 ( ) Application Load Balancer Application Load Balancer 1 3 2 가중치 100 4 가중치 0
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VPC - Blue 1 2 Blue VPC - Green 1 2 Green Route53 1.22 1.23 ( ) Application Load Balancer Application Load Balancer 2 가중치 90 1 가중치 10
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VPC - Blue 1 2 Blue VPC - Green 1 2 Green Route53 1.22 1.23 ( ) Application Load Balancer Application Load Balancer 2 가중치 0 1 가중치 100
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VPC - Blue 1 2 Blue VPC - Green 1 2 Green Route53 1.22 1.23 ( ) Application Load Balancer Application Load Balancer 2 가중치 0 1 가중치 100 클러스터 삭제 3
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. EKS Blueprints for CDK 인프라 코드화 GitOps Add-ons
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 01 02 03 컨트롤 플레인 데이터 플레인 버전 업데이트 안정성
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. https://github.com/aws/containers-roadmap/projects/1?card_filter_query=eks https://aws.github.io/aws-eks-best-practices/ Amazon EKS 로드맵 Amazon EKS 모범 사례
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    © 2023, AmazonWeb Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.