The document discusses urban public transportation in Maputo, Mozambique. It notes that Maputo has over one million people who largely depend on bus transportation. The transportation system consists of approximately 3,500 privately owned mini-buses that provide essential service but are viewed by some as "chaotic". There is a debate around replacing the mini-buses with larger buses, but the study concludes the current system works well given the country's economic resources.

1. Estudos de caso

2. Urban Public Transport in Maputo, Mozambique: Case Study for Developing Countries Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2007 Paper #08-0872 Abstract: The City of Maputo, Mozambique, typifies an urban African metropolis. It has over one million people; most of them are low income, living on the outer edges of the city, and depend on bus transportation for conducting daily activities. The urban passenger transport industry in Greater Maputo, has an estimated 3,500 vehicles, largely small, 15 seat reconditioned mini-buses which operates in a seemingly “chaotic” way. This is entirely a private enterprise, provided by owner-operator or small companies, which does not receive any governmental subsidy, credit, or other financial support. It also includes a marginal government company which operates 35 full-size buses. The small, privately owned buses seem to provide an essential public service to the majority of the population. However, recent sentiment, expressed largely by some business, civic and government leadership, calls for replacing these used small buses with large, full-size buses which are more "applicable" to a modern urban environment. On the other hand, proponents of the existing set-up argue that given the financial resources of the Mozambique economy and public budget, the current service is sufficient as it provides reasonable public transport at reasonable fare for the majority of the population. This paper, based on a short-term study, addresses this issue. In general, the study concludes that the current operation works and should not be interfered with. The main role of the government should be to invest in public transport infrastructure – roads, bus stops, bus-bays and terminals, rather than in expensive full size buses. http://pubsindex.trb.org/document/view/default.asp?lbid=847722

3. Household Food Consumption in Mozambique: A Case Study in Three Northern Districts Donald Rose Paul Strasberg José Jaime Jeje This report presents results from a detailed exploration of household food consumption behavior in a rural area of northern Mozambique. Smallholder households were studied in Montepuez District in Cabo Delgado and in Monapo and Meconta Districts of Nampula. These areas are typical of the interior of northern Mozambique, where maize- and manioc-based cropping systems predominate and where cotton and cashew are often grown. http://www.aec.msu.edu/fs2/mozambique/wps33.pdf

4. Estudos históricos

5. One Hundred Years of African Rural Family Economy: The Zambezi Delta in Retrospective Analysis José Negrão Introduction Framework and methods Historical changes in time allocation Land tenure through the years Social relations throughout history Rural family as a concept Versão em português: NEGRÃO, J., 2006. Cem anos de economia da família rural africana: o delta do Zambeze em análise retrospectiva . Maputo, Texto editores.

6. Estudos tipológicos

7. Camponeses e Economia Rural em Moçambique Marc Wuyts Embora não se trate propriamente de um estudo tipológico, um dos aspectos centrais deste trabalho consiste na caracterização das três grandes regiões agrárias que marcam a estrutura da economia agrária de Moçambique no final do período colonial, cada uma delas identificada por um tipo de produção dominante: - na região Sul, a pequena agricultura comercial; - na região Centro, a economia de plantações; - na região Norte, a economia camponesa. Wuyts, M., 1981. Camponeses e economia rural em Moçambique. Maputo: INLD.

8. Inquéritos

9. “ Uncritical Citizenship” in a “Low-Information” Society: Mozambicans in Comparative Perspective Robert Mattes Carlos Shenga Abstract High levels of poverty along with underdeveloped infrastructure greatly inhibit Mozambicans’ ability to participate in politics and assess the quality of governance in their country. Particularly, low rates of formal education, high levels of illiteracy and limited access to news media reduce the flow of political information that would allow citizens to make informed opinions about the way democracy functions. Data from the Afrobarometer demonstrates that relatively high proportions of Mozambicans are unable to answer questions pertaining to the performance of government or to offer preferences about what kind of regime Mozambique ought to have. Citizens who are able to offer answers most often uncritically overrate the performance of the new democratic regime. This paper explores the extent to which Mozambicans’ pattern of “uncritical citizenship” is a function of living in a “low-information society”. We find that this profile of “uncritical citizenship” is characterized by low levels of political information, relatively high levels of “don’t know” responses, and extremely positive evaluations amongst those who do have opinions. Moreover, there exist high levels of satisfaction with the supply of democracy juxtaposed with low levels of demand for democracy. Link para este artigo: http://www.iese.ac.mz/?__target__=publication&search=1&type=&conference=0&title=&author=Shenga&project=0&year=2007&keyword=

10. Variáveis

11. Uma variável é qualquer elemento que pode tomar (ou ao qual se podem atribuir) diferentes valores. VARIÁVEL INDEPENDENTE (aquela cuja modificação se supõe que pode produzir uma modificação numa outra variável) VARIÁVEL DEPENDENTE (aquela que cuja modificação se supões que pode ser provocada por uma modificação na variável independente) VARIÁVEIS CATEGÓRICAS / QUALITATIVAS (variação em tipo/espécie) variáveis nominais - são exclusivas e não ordenadas; variáveis ordinais - organizam-se numa sequência e (crescente ou decrescente) interessa a ordem, mas não a diferença entre os valores. VARIÁVEIS QUANTITATIVAS (variação em grau/quantidade) Ao nível nominal podem-se classificar casos em categorias e comparar os respectivos tamanhos; ao nível ordinal podem-se ordenar as categorias e os casos em relação uns aos outros; ao nível quantitativo podem-se aplicar todas as operações matemáticas.