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ATHENA
TCP/IP




ATHENA
N i Dung

           Khái ni m TCP/IP
           Đ i các h s :
            • Th p phân sang Nh phân ( và ngư c l i)
            • Th p phân sang Th p l c phân (và ngư c l i)
            • Nh phân sang Th p l c phân (và ngư c l i)




ATHENA
TCP/IP

           Khái ni m:
           • TCP/IP là m t h th ng giao th c - m t t p
             h p các giao th c h tr vi c lưu truy n trên
             m ng
           Vai trò c a TCP/IP:
           • Các giao th c TCP/IP có vai trò xác đ nh quá
             trình liên l c trong m ng và quan tr ng hơn c
             là đ nh nghĩa “hình dáng” c a m t đơn v d
             li u và nh ng thông tin ch a trong nó đ máy
             tính đích có th d ch thông tin m t cách chính
             xác



ATHENA
TCP/IP

           • Các giao th c trong TCP/IP
             -   TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
             -   UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
             -   IP (Internet Protocol)
             -   SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
             -   POP3 (Post Office Protocol)
             -   FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
             -   SNMP (Simple Network Management
                 Protocol)




ATHENA
Các H S Cơ B n

           H th p phân
           H nh phân
           H th p l c phân




ATHENA
H Th p Phân

           H th p phân là m t cơ s có lũy th a
           b ng 10


           S d ng dãy s t nhiên:
           • 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9


           VD: 254, 127…



ATHENA
H Th p Phân

           Vd h th p phân: 261

              261 = (2 x 102) + (6 x 101) + (1 x 100)
                      (2 x 100) + (6 x 10) + (1 x 1)
              261 =     200 + 60        + 1




ATHENA
H Th p Phân

           Đ i t Th p phân sang nh phân
           VD: 26
           26/2     = 13 dư 0
           13/2     =6   dư 1
           6/2      =3   dư 0
           3/2      =1   dư 1
           1/2      = 0.5 dư 1
           26       = 11010 (Nh phân)


ATHENA
H Th p Phân

                                    8 Bit Octet
           Bit 7   Bit 6   Bit 5    Bit 4   Bit 3   Bit 2   Bit 1   Bit 0



            27     26      25        24     23      22      21      20


           128 64          32       16       8       4       2       1
                                   Decimal Value



ATHENA
H Nh Phân

           H nh phân là m t dãy s g m có 2 ch
           s : 1 và 0


           VD:
           •   101010
           •   110010
           •   111111
           •   100000




ATHENA
H Nh Phân

           Đ i t Nh phân sang Th p phân:


           VD:1010


           1010      = (1x23)+(0x22)+(1x21)+(0x20)
                     = (1x8)+(0x4)+(1x2)+(0x1)
                     = 8 + 0 + 2 + 0
           1010      = 10


ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

           H th p l c phân là m t cơ s có lũy th a
           b ng 16


           S d ng 16 ký t :
           0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F


           VD: 7FA2, 9FDC, E94A…




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

           Đ i t Th p l c phân sang Th p phân:


           VD: 7FA2
           7FA2 = (7x163) + (Fx162) + (Ax161) +
           (2x160)
           7FA2 = 28672 + 3840 + 160          + 2
           7FA2 = 32674




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

           Đ i t Th p phân sang Th p l c phân:
            • VD: 127
               – 127/16 = 7 s dư là 15 (F)
               – 127 = 7F
            • VD: 254
               – 254/16 = 15(F) s dư là 14 (E)
               – 254   = FE




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

           Lu t chung:
                   Binary   Hexa
                   0000         0
                   0001        1
                   0010        2
                   0011        3
                   0100        4




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

                Binary     Hexa
                  0101        5
                  0110        6
                  0111        7
                  1000        8
                  1001        9




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

                Binary     Hexa
                  1010         A
                  1011         B
                  1100         C
                  1101         D
                  1110         E
                  1111         F




ATHENA
H Th p L c Phân

           Đ i t Nh phân sang Th p l c phân và
           ngư c l i


           VD:
              1101 1010 0100 0110 = DA46


              C9F7      = 1100 1001 1111 0111




ATHENA
ATHENA

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Athena gioi thieu tcp ip

  • 3. N i Dung Khái ni m TCP/IP Đ i các h s : • Th p phân sang Nh phân ( và ngư c l i) • Th p phân sang Th p l c phân (và ngư c l i) • Nh phân sang Th p l c phân (và ngư c l i) ATHENA
  • 4. TCP/IP Khái ni m: • TCP/IP là m t h th ng giao th c - m t t p h p các giao th c h tr vi c lưu truy n trên m ng Vai trò c a TCP/IP: • Các giao th c TCP/IP có vai trò xác đ nh quá trình liên l c trong m ng và quan tr ng hơn c là đ nh nghĩa “hình dáng” c a m t đơn v d li u và nh ng thông tin ch a trong nó đ máy tính đích có th d ch thông tin m t cách chính xác ATHENA
  • 5. TCP/IP • Các giao th c trong TCP/IP - TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - IP (Internet Protocol) - SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - POP3 (Post Office Protocol) - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ATHENA
  • 6. Các H S Cơ B n H th p phân H nh phân H th p l c phân ATHENA
  • 7. H Th p Phân H th p phân là m t cơ s có lũy th a b ng 10 S d ng dãy s t nhiên: • 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 VD: 254, 127… ATHENA
  • 8. H Th p Phân Vd h th p phân: 261 261 = (2 x 102) + (6 x 101) + (1 x 100) (2 x 100) + (6 x 10) + (1 x 1) 261 = 200 + 60 + 1 ATHENA
  • 9. H Th p Phân Đ i t Th p phân sang nh phân VD: 26 26/2 = 13 dư 0 13/2 =6 dư 1 6/2 =3 dư 0 3/2 =1 dư 1 1/2 = 0.5 dư 1 26 = 11010 (Nh phân) ATHENA
  • 10. H Th p Phân 8 Bit Octet Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Decimal Value ATHENA
  • 11. H Nh Phân H nh phân là m t dãy s g m có 2 ch s : 1 và 0 VD: • 101010 • 110010 • 111111 • 100000 ATHENA
  • 12. H Nh Phân Đ i t Nh phân sang Th p phân: VD:1010 1010 = (1x23)+(0x22)+(1x21)+(0x20) = (1x8)+(0x4)+(1x2)+(0x1) = 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 1010 = 10 ATHENA
  • 13. H Th p L c Phân H th p l c phân là m t cơ s có lũy th a b ng 16 S d ng 16 ký t : 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F VD: 7FA2, 9FDC, E94A… ATHENA
  • 14. H Th p L c Phân Đ i t Th p l c phân sang Th p phân: VD: 7FA2 7FA2 = (7x163) + (Fx162) + (Ax161) + (2x160) 7FA2 = 28672 + 3840 + 160 + 2 7FA2 = 32674 ATHENA
  • 15. H Th p L c Phân Đ i t Th p phân sang Th p l c phân: • VD: 127 – 127/16 = 7 s dư là 15 (F) – 127 = 7F • VD: 254 – 254/16 = 15(F) s dư là 14 (E) – 254 = FE ATHENA
  • 16. H Th p L c Phân Lu t chung: Binary Hexa 0000 0 0001 1 0010 2 0011 3 0100 4 ATHENA
  • 17. H Th p L c Phân Binary Hexa 0101 5 0110 6 0111 7 1000 8 1001 9 ATHENA
  • 18. H Th p L c Phân Binary Hexa 1010 A 1011 B 1100 C 1101 D 1110 E 1111 F ATHENA
  • 19. H Th p L c Phân Đ i t Nh phân sang Th p l c phân và ngư c l i VD: 1101 1010 0100 0110 = DA46 C9F7 = 1100 1001 1111 0111 ATHENA