1. The document discusses secular cycles and how they affect social and economic inequality over time through booms and busts in population, prices, and other factors. 2. It describes the Sugarscape computer model, which simulates economic exchange and found that inequality increases over time as the wealthy accumulate more goods and the poor accumulate less. 3. The model shows how inheritance and marriage practices can quickly stratify society and concentrate wealth among fewer, richer individuals according to the Matthew Principle of "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer."