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ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion Lecture 2 - Fall 2024
- 1. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 1 RocketPropulsion Introduction and Chapter 1 ARO 4140 Lecture 2 Prof. F. Chandler
- 2. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion PropulsionOverview Outline • In-Space Rocket Propulsion • Other Propulsion Concepts • Propulsion Integration • Propulsion Applications 2
- 3. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion In-SpaceRocket Engines • Smaller Thrust Rocket Engines – 1 to 200 lbf – Used for orbit change/adjust – Large space vehicle attitude control • Low Thrust Engines – Electric Propulsion (usually less than 1 N) – Used for long term orbit change or attitude adjust • Micro or Nano Thrust Engines – Can be used for station keeping on a cube sat – Electric propulsion has application here 3
- 4. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 4 200-lbfNTO/MMH Engine 110-lbf NTO/MMH Engine In Space Lower Thrust Engines-What they might look like NH3 Arcjet Engine 2.2 kW - 0.03-lbf Hall Effect Engine
- 5. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 5 In-SpacePropulsion: Initial Consideration-Transfer Orbits Three Basic Types of Transfer Orbits are Used to Move Payloads from LEO to GEO: • Two-Burn Hohmann (High Thrust Concepts, ~1 g) • Multiple Burn Hohmann (Low Thrust Concepts, 10-2 to 10-3 g) • Spiral (Very Low Thrust Concepts, 10-5 g to 10-6 g) Two-Burn Hohmann: Multiple-Burn Hohmann: Spiral: 1 day 40-90 days 120-300 days Van Allen Radiation Belt~500 1000 NM Transfer Orbits, courtesy of G. Grayson, used by permission
- 6. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 6 In-SpacePropulsion Performance Characteristics Propulsion Types Storable Engines Cryogenic Engines Resistojet Electro-thermal Arcjet Ion Nuclear (Fission) Solar Sail Perf., secs 170-300+ 350-450+ 200-10^3 500-10^3 3000-10^4 10^3 >10^8 Thrust/weight ~10^2 ~10^2 ~10^-3 ~10^-3 ~10^-5 ~10 ~10^-5 Power, KW ~1 ~1 ~1-20 ~1-100 ~1-50 ~1 ~small
- 7. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion IonThruster with Electrical Power Comparisons 7
- 8. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion ArcJet Operation
- 9. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion AdvancedIon Thruster-Rail Accelerator
- 10. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion AdvancedSolar Rocket Concept Solar Thermal Stage
- 11. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 11 AdvancedPropulsion Engines NH3 Arcjet Engine Boeing 702 Xenon Ion Propulsion System (XIPS) 2.2 kW - 0.03-lbf Hall Effect Engine Hall Effect Plume Schematic diagram of an Arcjet engine XIPS Engine Plume
- 12. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 12 NEPbriefing: Electric Thrusters by Dr. Ivana Hrbud, Purdue, used by permission
- 13. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 13 NEPbriefing: Electric Thrusters by Dr. Ivana Hrbud, Purdue, used by permission
- 14. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 14 NEPbriefing: Electric Thrusters by Dr. Ivana Hrbud, Purdue, used by permission
- 15. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 15 NEPbriefing: Electric Thrusters by Dr. Ivana Hrbud, Purdue, used by permission
- 16. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 16 PropulsionIntegration • Propulsion Integration involves all aspects of the propulsion device required to integrate it into the vehicle • Structure • Electrical and Hydraulic Power • Controls • Main computer commands and data • Local controller commands and data • Fuel Supplies • Aerodynamic inlets and exhausts
- 17. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion 17 PropulsionIntegration IUS Cradle in Shuttle Payload Bay Solar Thermal Stage
- 18. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion Applications •Launch Vehicle Boosters • Returning Orbiter vehicles • Upper stages/Transfer stages • Satellites 18
- 19. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion DeltaIV Heavy
- 20. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion NewVehicle Improvements Enabled by Propulsion https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com
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- 22. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion PropulsionSystem Data for Atlas V and Delta IV
- 23. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion SpaceLaunch Vehicles
- 24. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion SpaceShuttle-Hallmark of reusable orbiters
- 25. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion SpaceShuttle Propulsion Systems
- 26. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion SelectedSpacecraft Propulsion Characteristics
- 27. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion SelectedUS Missile Propulsion Data
- 28. ARO 4140 Rocket Propulsion TypicalPropulsion Characteristics