2. DEFINITION: the act or process of giving reasons for
or against something: the act or process of making
and presenting arguments. http://www.merriam-
webster.com
Arguments are used to defend
paradigms.
Type 1: exposition
Type 2: discussion
Type 3: challenge
Martin J. and Rose, D. (2008) Genre
Relations. Mapping Culture, 3.7.3
5. Challenge: a Thesis attacked by Arguments
Thesis
Attacked by
arguments
Thesis
Attacked by
arguments
Thesis
Attacked by
arguments
Thesis
Attacked by
arguments
Conclusion
6. Different types of organization of
arguments
• Consecutive arguments
• Alternative arguments
7. Consecutive Arguments
• Opposing and complete positions are
presented one after the other in
separate paragraphs or sections.
• The author expresses his own point
of view in a separate paragraph.
8. Consecutive Arguments
• Arguments 1, 2, 3, etc.
• Author’s opinion
Position 1
• Arguments 1, 2, 3, etc.
• Author’s opinion
Position 2
• Final closure
• Author’s point of view
Conclusion
9. Alternative Arguments
• Opposing positions are presented in
the same paragraph or section.
• Opposing views are contrasted
internally.
• The author adheres to one point of
view and indicates which.
10. Alternative Arguments
Conclusion
Author’s view about 1 Author’s view about 2
Positions 1 and 2
Arguments in favour of 1 Arguments in favour of 2
Positions 1 and 2
Arguments in favour of 1 Arguments in favour of 2