2. Life of Archimedes
• Archimedes was an Ancient Greek
Mathematician ,Physicist and astronomer.
• Archimedes was born in the city of Syracuse on the
island of Sicily in 287 BC.
• he is considered as one of the most eminent
scientists and mathematicians of the classical era.
• He established strong foundations in the field of
mathematics, physics, particularly in statics
3. Sources reveal that he started his studies in the school that
was established by the Greek mathematician Euclid in
Alexandria, Egypt.
After pursuing his studies, he went back to Syracuse to live
in his native city.
he made many incredible inventions such as designing
innovative machines, including screw pumps, compound
pulleys and siege machines.
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4. Work and contribution
Archimedes' principle indicates that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body
immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially submerged.
is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces and it acts in the upward direction at
center of mass of the displaced fluid.
King Hiero II gave Archimedes the task of designing a ship, “Syracusia” that could carry large
number of people, supplies and could be used as a naval warship.
Syracusia was large enough to be able to carry 600 people. It had a gymnasium and possessed
garden.
5. Contributions to Mathematics
he approximated the value of π. By this method areas and volumes of figures with curved lines
surfaces, such as pyramids, cones, circles and spheres could be determined.
This helped the mathematicians to form integral calculus that forms an important part of current
mathematics.
He also proved that the area of a circle was equal to π multiplied by the square of the radius of
circle (πr2).
He is said to have anticipated modern calculus and analysis and derived a range of geometrical
theorems, including the area of a circle, the surface area and volume of a sphere, and the area
under a parabola
In Measurement of a Circle, he derived the value of the square root of 3 as lying between
1.7320261 and 1.7320512. The actual value is approximately 1.7320508, which is a very accurate
estimate.
6. Death
For two years the genius of Archimedes repelled the Romans, enabling
the city to survive the lengthy siege
Apparently, the great mathematician was unaware that his enemy had
stormed the city.
The enraged soldier flew upon Archimedes, striking the 75 year-old
dead. Marcellus was greatly distressed upon hearing the news of
Archimedes' death
Archimedes buried with honors. Archimedes tombstone was, as he had
wished, engraved with an image of a sphere within a cylinder, after one
his geometrical treatises.
