ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kavita Singh

University
at
Buffalo-‐
State
University
of
New
York

ARC
211-‐
American
Diversity
and
Design
–
Spring
2017

Online
Discussion
Questions

Kavita
Singh

http://www.rodanbuilders.com/wp-‐content/uploads/2016/01/Diversity.jpg

Diversity
and
Design
has
shifted
the
way
I
thought
of
the
very
definition
of
deign.
I
never
defined
it
as
something
that
is
so

multifaceted.
The
elements
of
design
don’t
just
factor
in
the
space
and
materials
to
build
but
include
the
actual
people
the
space
is

being
built
for.
The
displacement
of
people
of
who
are
considered
“others”
has
a
direct
correlation
with
design.
If
we
can
deisgn

spaces
that
accommodate
for
every
class
and
race
than
we
can
change
the
very
layout
of
our
society.
And
therefore
I
think
the
most

compelling
thing
I’ve
learned
through
this
course,
is
that
diversity
in
every
form
must
be
accounted
for
and
put
in
the
center
of

projects
to
ensure
a
better,
healthier
future.

The
following
pages
document
my
responses
to
the
online
discussion
questions
in
the
Spring
2017
version
of
ARC
211
American

Diversity
and
Design
at
the
University
at
Buffalo
–
State
University
of
New
York.

Response
to
"What
is
design?"
from
Hello
World

On
“What
is
design?”
from
Hello
World:
Where
Design
Meets

Life
by
Alice
Rawsthron

The
author
opened
her
chapter
with
the
example
of
Ying
Zheng,

the
ruler
of
the
Qin
empire,
one
of
the
most
powerful
and

enduring
empires
I
the
history
of
China.
She
explained
how

design
innovation
contributed
to
Ying
Zheng’s
success.
For

example,
in
the
development
of
weaponry,
he
resolved
many

problems
by
standardizing
parts,
and
this
single
innovation
gave

his
armies
great
advantage
over
other
armies.

For
this
discussion,
let’s
move
away
from
246
B.C.
China,
and

into
the
U.S.
Describe
an
innovation
or
invention
(can
be
current

or
historical)
that
gave
advantage
to
a
group
of
people
in
the

U.S.
or
to
the
population
as
a
whole.
What
were
the
social

impacts
of
this
innovation?
Were
any
groups
negatively
impacted
by
this
innovation?
For
example,
the
telegraph,
developed
and

patented
in
the
United
States
in
1837
by
Samuel
Morse,
permitted
people
and
commerce
to
transmit
messages
across
both

continents
and
oceans
almost
instantly,
with
widespread
social
and
economic
impacts.
This
heightened
communication
speed

allowed
business
persons
to
make
decisions
with
up-‐to-‐date
information,
often
resulting
in
big
profits.
Those
without
access
had

to
rely
on
out-‐dated
information,
which
put
them
at
a
disadvantage.

The
first
massed
produced
automobile
by
Henry
Ford
helped
birth
an
economic
growth
in
America.
It
allowed
for
higher
wages
for

people
working
on
the
assembly
line.
It
also
allowed
the
middle
class
population
to
travel
freely
on
their
own
terms.
Essentially
it
created

greater
mobility
and
as
a
result
irrevocably
changed
social
customs.
Most
prominently
it
pushed
people
out
of
cities
into
suburbs.

Suburban
life
was
encouraged
by
the
automobile
and
the
subsequent
highways
that
were
built.
These
highways
encouraged
people
and

businesses
to
move
outward
where
land
was
cheaper.
The
negative
effects
include
congestion
and
pollution
which
still
remains
a
massive

problem
today.

1https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/
us/en/news/2013/08/05/model-‐t-‐
facts.img.png/1375732275161.jpg

Response
to
"Introduction"
from
Diversity
and
Design

The
editors
state
that
“diverse
participation
in
the
design
process,
from
both

professionals
and
public
citizens
alike,
yields
more
equitable
results.”
This
makes

sense,
but
typically
has
not
been
the
case.
Nonetheless,
many
marginalized
groups

have
impacted
design
in
ways
that
have
changed
our
visual
and
physical
worlds
as
well

as
our
systems,
policies,
and
institutions.
For
example,
in
the
1960s,
disability
rights

advocates
designed
media
events
to
raise
awareness
about
barriers
in
the
physical

environment.
They
persisted
with
their
efforts
for
decades,
and,
finally,
in
1990,
the

Americans
with
Disabilities
Act
became
law.
It
mandated
accessibility
in
public

accommodations
such
as
restaurants
and
stores,
public
transportation,

communication,
and
other
areas
of
public
life.
This
dramatically
changed
our
physical
environment
(from
curb
cuts
to
ramps
to
automatic
doors)

and
the
results
made
public
life
more
equitable.

Now
it’s
your
turn.
Describe
a
design
that
was
impacted
by
a
diversity
group.
How
and
why
did
it

change
form
and/or
circumstances?
(Note
that
a
design
can
be
anything
requiring
planning
and
development
prior
to
the
production
of
an
action,

system,
visual,
material
object,
or
environment.
Also,
keep
in
mind
that,
for
our
purposes,
a
diversity
group
is
a
group
of
individuals
who
are

underrepresented
in
society
in
some
way—children,
older
adults,
the
economically
disadvantaged,
those
with
cognitive
disabilities,
etc.)

During
the
1980s
AIDS
medication
was
not
being
properly
distributed
due
to
FDA
regulations.
This
disease
was
heavily
affected
the
gay
community
and

thus
people
were
not
paying
attention.
So
activist
groups
used
their
extensive
knowledge
of
the
FDA
drug
approval
process
and
a
media
campaign
to

showcase
that
knowledge
and
the
treatment
they
needed.
Activists
knowing
in
detail
the
complicated
issue
of
treatment
and
regulation
was
a
new
and

effective
approach
to
be
taken
seriously
and
get
attention,
“The
relative
speed
with
which
the
therapies
were
developed
owes
much
to
the
efforts
of

cadres
of
activists
who
demanded
that
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
loosen
the
rules
for
clinical
trials
and
speed
its
drug
approval
process.”1

1

Lawrence
K.
Altman,
M.D.
“30
Years
In,
We
Are
Still
Learning
From
AIDS.”,
The
New
York
Times.
May
30,
2011.
Accessed
April
28,

2017.
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/31/health/31aids.html

http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/wp-‐
content/uploads/2012/06/ACT-‐UP-‐Phila-‐on-‐Broad-‐St-‐575x417.jpg

Response
to
Media/Society
Chapter
and
TED
Talk
on
Photographs

Where
would
you
place
the
images
shown
in
Photos
That
Changed
the
World
into

Croteau
and
Hoynes'
diagram
entitled
“Model
of
Media
and
the
Social
World”?

Identify
a
mass
media
photograph
taken
in
your
own
lifetime
that
has
served
as
an

icon
of
an
event.
(Feel
free
to
add
an
attachment.)
What
roles
does
this
photo
play

in
the
communication
of
the
event?

I
would
place
the
images
shown
in
Photos
that
Changed
the
World
in
the
readers
or

audience’s
category
because
the
purpose
of
these
media
images
is
to
have
an
effect

and
make
an
impact
on
the
people
who
see
them.
For
instance,
the
incredibly
sad
photograph
of
the
gorillas
in
the
Congo
being
"crucified"
had

the
desired
effect
of
outrage.
The
photo
of
the
three-‐year-‐old
Syrian
boy
was
who
found
dead
on
a
shore
in
Europe
after
trying
to
sail
from

Turkey
with
his
mom
and
brother,
is
both
tragic
and
visceral
in
its
message.
The
family
was
forced
to
flee
this
way
after,
“the
U.N.
would
not

register
them
as
refugees,
and
the
Turkish
government
would
not
grant
them
exit
visas.”1

It
is
the
defining
photograph
of
the
Syrian
war,
one

that
illustrates
all
the
innocent
deaths
and
the
imminent
need
for
rescue
for
refugees.
People
were
instantly
affected
by
the
photo
and
was

published
over
and
over
again.
And
a
week
later
many
Syrian
refugees
arrived
in
Germany.

1

Justin
Wm.
Moyer,
“Aylan’s
story:
How
desperation
left
a
3-‐year-‐old
boy
washed
up
on
a
Turkish
beach,”
The
Washington
Post,

September
3,
2015.
Accessed
April
29,
2017,
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-‐mix/wp/2015/09/03/a-‐desperate-‐
refugee-‐family-‐a-‐capsized-‐boat-‐and-‐3-‐year-‐old-‐dead-‐on-‐a-‐beach-‐in-‐turkey/?utm_term=.6327ae99b13f

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2016/09/03/world/03
KURDI5/03KURDI5-‐master768.jpg

Response
to
Articles
on
Hats
as
Communication
Design

Typically,
we
do
not
think
of
hats
as
elements
of
mass
media
or
social
media.

However,
the
two
hats
(red
and
pink)
discussed
in
the
articles
certainly
have
taken

on
that
role.
Why
are
the
two
hats
(red
and
pink)
mentioned
in
the
articles

vehicles
of
communication
design?
What
meanings
do
each
of
the
two
hats
carry?

In
terms
of
communication
design,
how
are
they
similar?
And
how
are
they

different
from
one
another?

Each
hat
carries
symbolic
weight
and
importance
for
these
different
groups
of

people.
Both
of
their
designs
are
very
deliberate
are
meant
to
resonate
with
the
person
wearing
them.
The
red
"Make
America

Great
Again"
hat
is
incredibly
simplistic
and
the
slogan
itself
calls
back
to
the
Reagan
administration.
This
is
meant
to
establish
that

Trump
is
standing
with
the
"self
made
man",
the
one
who
feels
disenfranchised
with
the
complex
and
multi
faceted
nature
of
our

society.
The
hat
was
memorable
and
simple
and
evidently
was
effective
with
the
voters
it
was
intended
to
reach.
The
pink
hat
is

meant
to
stand
against
what
Trump
represents.
It
symbolizes
inclusion
and
feminism.
And
wearing
it
exudes
diversity
of
thought
and

defiance.

Both
hats
are
meant
to
mean
something
more.
They
each
represent
two
opposing
views
and
are
intended
to
echo
the
feelings
of

whoever
is
wearing
them.
And
therefore
are
there
to
make
a
statement
and
promote
a
movement.

https://dustinsview.com/wp-‐content/uploads/2017/01/hat.jpg

Response
IDEA
Awards
and
Cradle-‐to-‐Cradle
Video

Which
of
the
2016
IDEA
Gold
Award
products
seems
to
defy
the
Cradle-‐to-‐
Cradle
concept
developed
by
architect
William
McDonough
and

chemist
Dr.
Michael
Braungart?
How
does
this
product
resist
or

disregard
the
concept?
Provide
an
example
any
products
that

embraces
Cradle-‐to-‐Cradle
design?
Please
describe
and
cite
your

source.

The
cradle
to
cradle
concept
is
all
about
circulation.
It’s
making
an
effort
to
make
human
products
and
inventions
part
of
natures
cycle
of
life.
A

2016
Gold
Award
product
that
defies
this
is
the
"Offshore
Subsea
Construction
Vessel".
It
follows
in
the
strategy
of
a
product
being
"less
bad".

Because
while
it
makes
a
ship
more
efficient,
especially
economically,
it
doesn't
follow
the
circulation
model
and
therefore
isn't
helping

eradicate
the
issue
at
large.
Just
simply
helping
reduce
emissions
isn't
enough.

"8x
Laundry
Detergent
embraces
the
Cradle
to
Cradle
design,
it
has
a
plant
based
formula
and
only
require
a
fraction
of
the
average

dose.

http://www.c2ccertified.org/products/scorecard/laundry_soap

"Aquion
Batteries"
also
embrace
cradle
to
cradle.
They
are
saltwater
batteries
made
from
nontoxic
materials.

http://aquionenergy.com/

Response
to
“Industrial
Design”
by
John
Heskett
and
"The
Incredible
Inventions

of
Intuitive
AI"
by
Maurice
Conti

In
his
chapter
on
industrial
design
(written
in
1987),
historian
John
Heskett
claims

that
the
methods
of
mass
production
introduced
by
Henry
Ford
in
the
U.S.

involved
new
concepts
of
the
standardization
and
integration
of
the
production

line
that
were
adopted
across
the
world.
With
Ford’s
method,
work
could
be

completed
by
relatively
unskilled
workers;
it
was
more
efficient
and
with
this

method,
products
were
made
more
quickly
and
cheaply
than
previously
possible.

What
were
some
of
the
social
consequences
of
Ford’s
production
line?
In
other
words,
how
did
this
system
change
our
U.S.
society?
Do
any
of
those

changes
remain
with
us
today?
Now
consider
Maurice
Conti’s
TED
Talk,
and
the
predictions
he
makes
about
production.
How
do
you
think

manufacturing
processes
will
change
in
the
next
twenty
years?
How
do
you
think
these
changes
will
affect
our
U.S.
society?

The
social
consequences
of
Henry
Fords
production
line
were
immense
and
the
effects
of
which
of
course
still
impact
us
today.
The

assembly
line
changed
the
way
people
lived,
they
began
to
move
into
cities
and
low
skilled,
monotonous
jobs
became
more
of
a
norm.
The

efficiency
of
the
assembly
line
also
allowed
Americans
to
buy
products
like
the
Model
T
car
at
a
much
lower
and
more
affordable
price.
This

meant
that
the
people
actually
working
in
the
factories
could
now
afford
the
product
they
were
manufacturing.
The
average,
middle
class

person
being
able
to
afford
a
car
meant
that
mobility
became
more
of
the
norm
and
people
were
more
connected
than
ever
before.

Today's
"assembly
line"
is
helped
by
computers
and
more
developed
machinery
which
means
less
work
for
actual
people.
With
Maurice

Conti's
TED
talk
in
mind,
I
think
the
developed
machinery
we
have
now
will
keep
advancing
to
the
point
where
people
will
no
longer
be
needed.

Manufacturing
jobs
will
decrease
while
high
skilled,
programing
jobs
will
continue
to
increase.
I
don't
necessarily
think
is
either
bad
or
good
for

our
society
but
just
the
inevitable
progression
of
technology
and
culture.

2http://corporate.ford.com/content/dam/corporate/en/innovation/moving-‐
assembly-‐line/Innovation_Moving_Assembly_Line_Carousel14.jpg

Response
to
Ballantyne
and
Zumthor
Articles

Andrew
Ballantyne
and
Peter
Zumthor
present

ideas
about
architecture
that
seem
to
value
the

sensorial
and
material
elements
of
life.
How
are

Ballantyne’s
and
Zumthor’s
viewpoints
on

architecture
alike?
More
importantly,
how
do
they

differ?

Ballantyne
focuses
on
architecture
based
on
the
people
living
inside
of
it,
“…
but
crucially
the
thing
that
makes
it
satisfying
is
the

match
between
the
building
and
the
life
that
goes
on
in
and
through
it.”
(Ballantyne
48)
He
talks
of
buildings
in
terms
of
ethos
and

claims
that
by
doing
so
allows
for
people
to
see
architecture
for
more
than
just
buildings
but
as
art.
It
allows
one
to
view
things
as

more
than
an
outsider,
or
a
visitor,
but
rather
as
someone
who
seems
himself
in
it.
Zumthor
similarly
thinks
of
architecture
with

emotion,
“When
I
work
on
deisgn
I
allow
myself
to
be
guided
by
images
and
moods
that
I
remember
and
can
relate
to
the
kind
of

architecture
I
am
looking
for.”
(Zumthor
21)
He
looks
at
architecture
to
be
a
deeply
personal
and
sentimental
field.

Unlike

Ballantyne,
he
thinks
of
architecture
as
more
than
a
cold
art
but
as
something
that
is
very
humanely
warm.

http://www.womanthology.co.uk/wp-‐content/uploads/2014/06/Architecture.jpg

Response
to
All
Module
4
Materials

Your
readings
and
viewings
this
week
present
different
ways
of
thinking
about

architecture.
Mies
Van
der
Rohe
describes
architecture
as
“The
will
of
the
epoch

translated
into
space.”
Andrew
Ballantyne
describes
architecture
as
the
background

for
life.
Jeanne
Gang
describes
it
as
the
act
of
building
relationships.
All
agree
that

architecture
can
change
based
on
context
and
culture.
Choose
two
works
of

architecture
from
any
of
your
materials
this
week—one
with
sensibilities
about
the

past
and
one
with
sensibilities
about
the
present
and/or
future.
How
do
each
of
these

buildings
either
reflect
or
challenge
their
cultural
contexts?

The
Virginia
St.
Capitol
is
a
great
choice
for
reflecting
architecture
of
the
past.

Roman
architecture
is
such
a
prevalent
part
of
history
and
is
exhibited
in
so
much
of
the

worlds
most
famous
pieces
of
architecture.
The
Virginia
St.
Capitol
houses
the
oldest

legislative
body
in
the
Western
Hemisphere,
the
Virginia
General
Assembly.
1

The
Aqua
tower
in
Chicago
represents
everything
that’s
modern
about
architecture.
It
is

a
skyscraper
that
is
82
stories,
and
was
designed
by
Jeanne
Gang.
The
fact
that
this

project
was
the
largest
ever
awarded
to
an
American
firm
headed
by
a
woman,
is
incredibly
telling
of
our
future.
2

1

Wikipedia,
The
Free
Encyclopedia,
s.v.
"Virginia
State
Capitol,"
(accessed
May
1,
2017),

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_State_Capitol

2

Wikipedia,
The
Free
Encyclopedia,
s.v.
"Aqua(skyscraper),"
(accessed
May
1,
2017),

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_(skyscraper)#cite_note-‐Becker-‐10

Response
to
Pruitt
Igoe
Project,
Talen,
and
Larson

Imagine
that
you
are
part
of
a
urban
planning
and
design
firm
working

with
Emily
Talen
(author
of
“Design
That
Enables
Diversity”)
and
Kent

Larson
(who
gave
the
TED
Talk
"Brilliant
Designs
to
Fit
More
People
In

Every
City"
The
thee
of
you
have
been
tasked
with
developing
a
plan
to

rebuild
Pruitt
Igoe
in
St.
Louis.
City
officials
told
the
three
of
you
that
that

they
want
to
do
it
right
this
time.
Identify
three
strategies
for
rebuilding

Pruitt
Igoe
in
ways
that
promise
to
be
more
successful.
What
would
Talen

do?
What
would
Larson
do?
What
would
you
do?
How
would
your

strategies
differ
from
those
of
the
original
urban
planners/designers
of

the
project?
Why
would
your
strategies
be
more
effective?

In
her
article,
Talen
speaks
of
gentrification,
"they
are
instead
on
their
way
to

becoming
middle-‐
and
upper-‐middle-‐class
neighborhoods,
and
in
the
process

simply
shifting
concentrated
poverty
from
one
location
to
another".
This
is
a
major
problem
in
cities
and
suburbs.
Places
that
were
once

filled
with
lower
to
middle
class
people
begin
to
gentrify
with
new
"hipper"
shops
and
restaurants
and
eventually
white,
upper
class

people
begin
to
push
residents
out.
Brooklyn
in
New
York
City
is
a
prime
example
of
this.
Talen
would
be
in
charge
of
avoiding
this

scenario
by
planning
the
people,
and
therefore
the
resident’s
aspect
of
the
complex.

Larson
talks
a
lot
about
mobility.
One
of
his
primary
goals
in
rebuilding
Pruitt
Igoe
would
be
to
install
a
transportation
system
that
enables

people
to
get
everything
they
need
within
their
community.
This
includes
biking
and
running
paths
and
therefore
puts
convenience
at
the

forefront.
Therefore,
he
would
be
in
charge
of
planning
the
design
of
the
complex
and
thus
the
most
efficient
way
people
could
get

around.

The
major
issue
that
lead
to
the
demise
of
Pruitt
Igoe
was
the
lack
of
jobs
after
WW2
and
as
a
result
resident’s
could
not
pay
their
rent

and
thus
funds
to
maintain
the
complex
were
not
there.
And
so
I
would
focus
on
the
allocation
of
funds
as
this
is
one
of
the
most
essential

parts
of
rebuilding.
I
would
make
job
opportunity
for
residents
a
major
factor
in
budgeting
these
funds.
Being
proactive
instead
of
reactive

is
what
would
make
this
plan
effective.

http://affinitymagazine.us/wp-‐
content/uploads/2016/12/gentrification2.jpg

Response
to
Levy
Article

John
Levy’s
article,
“An
Overview:
The
Need
for
Planning,”
discussed
ways
in
which
planning
can
determine
the

characteristics
of
a
place.
For
example,
some
smaller
towns
restrict
the
heights
of
buildings
to
maintain
a

certain
scale.
How
did
planning
define
the
character
of
the
place
in
which
you
grew
up?

In
Jane
Levy's
article
it
is
stated
that,
"Decisions
about
the
residential

uses
of
land
will
affect
housing
prices
and
vacancies—in
short
who
can

live
in
the
community.
Those
decisions
will
have
effects
on
the
economy

of
the
community
and
the
demands
that
rely
on
the
community
for

educational,
social,
and
other
services."
The
idea
that
the
decisions
and

plans
that
are
placed
on
a
community
affects
it
in
every
way
from

economically
to
socially
rings
incredibly
true.
I
am
from
a
town
called

"Elmont"
that
is
located
on
Long
Island
but
is
only
a
few
blocks
away
from
Queens.
The
location
of
is
interesting

in
that
its
proximity
to
New
York
City
has
made
it
a
hub
for
a
great
transportation
system
and
as
a
result
a
perfect

town
for
commuters.
But
the
disparity
of
economic
wealth
to
neighboring
Long
Island
towns
that
are
further

inland
is
significant.
Long
Island
is
known
for
its
distinct
boundary
and
district
lines
that
result
in
towns
with
more

money
having
newer
paved
roads
and
better
funded
schools
while
a
mere
five
blocks
away
there
will
be
a
town

that
is
allocated
significantly
less
resources
simply
because
of
these
district
lines.
The
affect
of
this
on
the
people

of
these
neighboring
towns
is
apparent.

http://www.liyellowpages.com/maps/Elmont.gif

Response
to
F.L.
Olmsted

Displaying
his
plan
at
the
1876
Centennial
Exposition
in
Philadelphia,
Frederick
Law
Olmsted
stated
that

"Buffalo
is
the
best
planned
city,
as
to
its
streets,
public
places,
and
grounds,
in
the
United
States,
if
not
in
the

world."

What
was
the
basis
for
this
claim?
Would
Olmsted
still
make
that
claim
today?
Why
or
why
not?

Buffalo
is
and
always
has
been
an
interesting
city
with
a
lot

of
history.
Frederick
Law
Olmsted
envisioned
the
future

prosperity
of
Buffalo
as
he
was
planning
it.
He
created
a

park
system
that
was
connected,
the
idea
being
that
you

never
had
to
feel
like
you
were
leaving
the
park.
This
plan
of

a
"city
within
a
park"
was
a
completely
unique
and
modern

idea.
Unlike
planning
Central
Park
in
New
York
City,

Olmsted
had
the
funds
and
space
to
design
the
way
he

wanted
to
and
thus
why
he
made
the
claim
he
did.
The

merger
of
nature
and
metropolitan
was
incredibly
individual.

Today,
Buffalo
isn't
the
booming
city
it
once
was
but
I
still
think
Olmsted
would
still
view
it
as
the
diligently

planned
out
city
he
once
saw
it
as.
Unfortunately,
I
do
think
he
would
be
a
bit
surprised
and
disappointed
at
how

his
park
system
has
developed.
They
don't
connect
the
way
he
wanted
them
to
and
therefore
the
city
within
a

park
idea
never
came
to
fruition.

https://www.bfloparks.org/wp-‐content/uploads/del18.jpg

Response
to
Walter
Hood's
Work

Identify
something
that
should
be
memorialized
either
on
UB's
campus
or
in
your
hometown.
Imagine
that
you

are
the
person
who
will
oversee
this
project,
and
that
you
are
using
Walter
Hood's
'triad
of
investigations'
as

your
approach
to
the
project.

What
would
your
landscape
intervention
commemorate/memorialize?
How
will

you
use
Hood's
'triad
of
investigations'
to
design
a
new

landscape
intervention?
What
do
you
imagine
that
the

design
will
be?

I
would
memorialize
something
called
"the
bird
sanctuary"
in

my
hometown.
It
is
a
park
in
the
middle
of
our
town
that
is

meant
to
be
preservation
area
for
birds.
It
is
a
common

place
to
go
to
for
people
to
walk
through
on
the
weekends.

"The
resource
we
have
is
not
in
the
architecture...
its
in
the

land."
Walter
Hood's
idea
to
build
and
live
around
land
and
nature
instead
of
on
top
of
it,
is
one
that
I
really

identify
with
this
place.
In
terms
of
Hood's
'triad
of
investigations',
I
would
follow
with
the
first
which
talks
of

people
coming
to
the
land
to
hang
out
and
and
unwind.
Essentially
I
would
plan
to
make
the
bird
sanctuary
a

more
social
hub,
one
where
people
come
to,
to
just
sit
amongst
the
nature
and
be
entertained.
With
the
shade

from
the
trees
and
the
tranquil
nature
of
the
place,
it
is
on
its
way
to
being
the
perfect
place
for
people
to
come

to
during
the
summer,
I
would
further
this
idea
but
without
ruining
the
park
by
making
it
more
commercialized

and
bulldozing
what
is
beautiful
about
it.

http://cdn.newsday.com/polopoly_fs/1.3256747.1319226484!/httpImage/ima
ge.JPG_gen/derivatives/display_960/image.JPG

Response
to
Charles
Davis
and
equityXdesign's
Work

Critique
either
the
MLK
Memorial
or
the
National

Museum
of
African
American
History
and
Culture
using

equityXdesign’s
core
beliefs
and/or
design
principles.

Taking
into
account
two
core
beliefs
of
equityXdesigns,

historical
context
and
radical
inclusion,
the
National

Museum
of
African
American
History
and
Culture
has

affectively
adhered
to
both
of
those
criteria.
"To
understand
the
present
time
and
space
we
occupy,
we
must

understand
the
inherited
legacy
surrounding
the
thing
we
are
designing...",
people
like
civil
rights
leader
John
R.

Lewis
fought
to
open
this
museum.
It
keeps
the
history
of
African
Americans
alive
and
the
designers
of
the

museum
were
very
aware
of
that.
And
of
course
as
a
museum
celebrating
racial
equality,
it
is
welcoming
for
all

people
regardless
of
any
difference.

http://cdnimg.essence.com/sites/default/files/styles/3x2_md/public/image/2016/09/main/
gettyimages-‐605483026_master.jpg?itok=O06sbq_2

Response
to
the
Brookes

The
abolitionist
poster,
the
Brookes,
is
an
iconic
image
that
often
is

included
in
exhibits
that
explore
issues
of
race
and
power.
It
was

commissioned
by
Thomas
Clarkson
in
1788,
and
the
Committee
of
the

Abolition
of
Slavery
used
it
to
inform
and
shock
the
public.
While
some

consider
the
poster
as
an
important
component
of
the
abolitionist

campaign,
it
recently
“has
been
strongly
criticized
by
some
individuals
and

groups
of
African
heritage
as
providing
a
very
limited
view
of
the
history

of
the
transatlantic
slave
trade,
resistance
and
abolition
(Hudson
2007).”

The
lesson
here
is
that
how
a
viewer
sees
an
image
is
dependent
upon

his/her
social,
economic,
and
cultural
position.
Keeping
this
in
mind,
find

another
iconic
graphic
that
addresses
racial
issues
and
post
it
for
others
in
your
group
to
view.
(Add
it
to
your
response
by
clicking
on
the

picture
in
the
tools
section.
Do
not
add
it
as
an
attachment
that
needs
to
be
opened.)
How
do
you
interpret
the
graphic?
What
is
its
meaning?

Now
imagine
that
someone
from
a
racial
and
cultural
background
different
than
your
own
is
looking
at
the
same
graphic.
Briefly
describe
this

person.
How
might
s/he
interpret
its
meaning?
How
might
this
differ
from
your
interpretation?
What
are
the
possible
reasons
for
these

differences?

Brown
vs
Board
of
education
was
a
monumental
decision
that
ruled
unanimously
that
segregation
in
schools
was
a
violation
of
the

fourteenth
amendment.
This
photo
of
a
mother
holding
her
daughter
on
the
steps
of
the
supreme
court
evokes
an
emotional
response
for

most.
But
for
someone
who
is
African
American,
it
is
inevitable
that
this
picture
holds
even
more
significance.
It
is
evidence
of
one
of
the

biggest
milestones
during
the
Civil
Rights
Movement.
Today
when
politics
is
bringing
out
a
side
of
America
that
we
thought
had
been
left

in
the
past,
for
me
as
a
minority,
this
picture
signifies
hope
and
so
to
someone
African
American,
it
most
definitely
means
even
that
much

more.

https://media1.britannica.com/eb-‐media/42/115042-‐004-‐B88D7271.jpg

Response
to
"Landscape
Stories"
Chapter

First,
let’s
start
with
your
own
home.
Describe
a
place
in
your
home

(indoors
and/or
outdoors)
that
you
think
of
as
representative
of
your
own

ethnic
background
and
discuss
why
you
consider
this
place
to
be
‘ethnic’.
–
OR-‐-‐
Describe
an
object
in
your
home
that
you
think
of
as
representative
of

your
ethnic
background
and
discuss
why
this
object
is
considered
to
be

‘ethnic’.
(If
possible,
add
photo/s.)
Is
this
object
or
place
something
that

you
will
keep
or
continue
when
you
establish
your
own
home?
Why
or
why

not?

Now
let’s
move
into
your
community.
In
“Landscape
Stories,”
the
authors

show
how
landscape
architects
develop
a
historical
narrative
that
sifts

through
and
interprets
the
culture
and
material
of
underrepresented

groups.
Think
about
the
community
where
you
grew
up.
Describe
and
discuss
any
evidence
of
cultural
influences
on
the
physical
environment

in
your
community.
If
possible,
describe
evidence
of
the
cultural
influence
of
an
underrepresented
group.
(If
possible,
add
photo/s.)
Is
this

cultural
influence
being
acknowledged
or
preserved
from
future
generations?
Why
or
why
not?

The
part
of
my
home
that
best
represents
my
ethnic
background
is
my
living
room.
This
is
for
two
reasons;
The
more
general
one

being
that
much
of
Indian
culture
is
people
getting
together
and
just
talking
and
enjoying
each
others
company
and
our
living
room
was

always
the
place
where
that
happened.
The
second
reason
is
the
way
my
mom
designed
and
decorated
the
room.
It
is
full
of
Feng
Shui.

The
connotation
of
spirituality
that
comes
with
that,
is
very
much
embedded
into
Indian
culture.
She
also
keeps
a
miniature
Hindu
temple

in
our
living
room
which
obviously
has
a
lot
to
do
with
our
culture.
The
community
I
grew
up
in
was
incredibly
diverse
and
I
think
it's

culture
and
environment
heavily
reflects
that.
There
are
restaurants
of
every
ethnic
cuisine
you
can
think
of,
as
well
as
an
eclectic

assortment
of
different
bars
and
specialty
stores
that
reflect
the
variety
of
ethnic
backgrounds
the
community
is
made
up
of.

https://fthmb.tqn.com/_ILuFvmZugZPIFBaJHUe9qf_FNQ=/2500x1680/filters:no_u
pscale():fill(transparent,1)/about/per-‐magnus-‐persson-‐g-‐
56a2e2dc5f9b58b7d0cf85e4.jpg

Response
to
Article
on
Sports
Branding

Recent
controversies
about
sports
branding
focus
on

ethnicity.
The
Washington
Redskins
team
is
just
one

example
of
the
larger
controversy,
but
it
receives
the
most

public
attention
due
to
the
name
itself
being
defined
as

derogatory
or
insulting
in
modern
dictionaries,
and
the

prominence
of
the
team
representing
the
nation’s
capital.

Should
sports
team
branding
designers
use
ethnic

references
(Fighting
Irish,
Boston
Celtics,
Atlanta
Braves,

etc.)?
Why?
Why
not?
What
are
some
of
the
complexities

of
this
issue?

I
definitely
think
that
race
should
be
kept
out
of
sports.
Taking
Washington
Redskins
as
an
example,
I
think
it
is
a
slippery
slope
to

give
a
famous
team
leeway
just
because
they
feel
ownership
over
their
name.
If
any
type
of
branding
is
so
obviously
offensive
to
any

one
group,
then
it
needs
to
be
addressed.
Being
too
"politically
correct"
is
something
that
I
understand
can
be
unnecessary
and

some
what
of
a
nuisance
sometimes,
but
in
this
case
I
don’t
think
that’s
true.
Especially
in
todays
sensitive
climate,
I
think
that

branding
designers
should
leave
race
out
of
it
because
that
subsequently
allows
everyone
to
feel
like
they’re
a
part
of
whatever
is

being
created
or
supported
which
is
better
for
business
anyway.

https://heitnerlegal.com/wp-‐content/uploads/2014/06/Washington-‐Redskins.jpg

Response
to
Bathroom
Bill

Last
year,
North
Carolina
Governor
Pat
McCrory
signed
into
law
a

bill
that
repealed
local
LGBT
anti-‐discrimination
laws,
and

required
people
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponded
with
the

biological
gender
written
on
their
birth
certificates.
This
prompted

massive
backlash.
McCrory
stated,
“You
know,
we
all
have
to

make
adjustments
in
life.
And
we’ve
had
the
proper
etiquette

situation
for
decades
in
our
country,
and
all
of
a
sudden
through

political
correctness
we’re
throwing
away
basic
etiquette.”
Just

this
past
Thursday,
the
North
Carolina
General
Assembly
passed
a
bill
to
repeal
the
law
while
placing
a
moratorium
on
nondiscrimination

measures.
Should
people
be
required
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponds
with
the
biological
gender
written
on
their
birth
certificate?

State
why
AND
state
why
not.
In
other
words,
to
receive
full
credit
for
this
question,
you
need
to
present
an
argument
for
both
sides
of
the

issue.
As
a
designer,
how
would
you
solve
this
gender
dilemma?

Why
:

People
should
have
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponds
with
the
biological
gender
simply
to
provide
protection
and
offer
comfort
for
all

parties
involved.
Men
and
women
are
biologically
different
and
restrooms
need
to
reflect
this.
This
separation
only
desires
to
ensure
everyone’s

safety.

Why
Not:

People
should
be
able
to
use
the
bathroom
with
whichever
gender
they
feel
best
represents
them.
Not
making
changes
simply
because
it’s
not

what’s
comfortable
and
doesn’t
adhere
to
the
norm,
would
mean
that
we
never
progress
as
a
society.

Solution:

A
design
that
could
help
this
issue
is
privatizing
all
bathrooms.
Instead
of
gendered
bathrooms
with
stalls,
all
bathrooms
could
be
unisex

bathrooms
for
a
single
occupant.

http://pridelife.com/wp-‐content/uploads/2016/02/trans-‐bathroom-‐law-‐south-‐dakota.jpg

Response
to
“Visualizing
Gender”
Chapter

In
their
chapter
“Communicating
Gender,”
Maya
Ganesh
and

Gabi
Sobliye
discuss
two
primary
visual
advocacy
approaches:
1)

get
the
idea,
and
2)
stories
in
data.
Find
a
new
example
of

either
of
the
two
visual
advocacy
approaches
to
gender
issues,

and
post
it
in
this
thread.
Cite
the
source.

First,
identify
the
approach.
Then
explain
how
the
designer
uses

the
approach
to
communicate
a
gender
issue.
Is
the
approach

effective
in
this
example?
Why
or
why
not?
How
could
this

graphic
be
improved?

UN
Women
came
out
with
a
series
of
ads
depicting
women’s
mouths
being
covered
with
degrading
questions
asked
about
them
in

search
engines.
This
powerful
ad
illustrates
how
women
are
constantly
being
silenced
and
undermined.
I
think
this
ad
belongs
more

in
the
“Stories
in
Data”
category
due
to
it
being
based
on
real
searches
that
have
been
made
by
real
people.
This
approach
is

incredibly
effective
because
it
shows
pictures
of
women
of
all
races
being
mindlessly
ridiculed.
The
very
real
questions
being

searched
makes
it
evident
that
women
are
often
treated
as
less
than
human.
I
genuinely
think
maybe
the
only
way
this
ad
could
be

improved
is
by
adding
women
of
different
ages
as
well
in
order
to
truly
demonstrate
a
huge
spectrum
of
women.

http://img01.ibnlive.in/ibnlive/uploads/2013/10/un-‐women-‐ad-‐191013.jpg

Response
to
Hidden
Ways

Author
Steven
Flusty
categorized
five
types
of
disciplinary

architecture
that
perpetuate
what
he
calls
urban
spatial

injustice:
1)
stealthy,
2)
slippery,
3)
crusty,
4)
prickly,
and
5)

jittery.
Go
out
into
the
city
of
Buffalo,
and
find/photograph
two

examples
from
the
list
of
five.
Identify
what
type
of
space

you’ve
photographed
and
why
it
might
discriminate
against
a

specific
population.
Identify
the
location
where
you
took
the

photograph,
and
make
certain
that
you
are
in
at
least
one
of
the

two
photographs.

I
took
the
first
picture
at
Woodlawn
State
Park.
It
was
a
crusty
space.

The

beach
was
completely
inaccessible,
most
likely
because
it
is
winter.
But
there

were
no
clear
paths
to
get
to
the
beach,
they
were
all
littered
with
branches

and
weeds.
And
the
beach
itself
was
surrounded
by
essentially
a
moat,

making
it
very
difficult
to
get
to.
The
second
picture
was
at
the
Gorge.
It
was
a

slippery
space.
Some
of
the
staircases
were
incredibly
steep
and
some
of
the

paths
were
really
close
to
the
edge
of
the
cliff,
making
it
a
little
difficult
to

maneuver
yourself
on
your
hike.

Response
to
People
like
Us

After
almost
two
decades
of
public
assistance,
Tammy
Crabtree
took
herself
and
her

family
off
the
welfare
rolls.
But
her
job
cleaning
bathrooms
at
a
local
Burger
King

barely
paid
the
bills.
Crabtree
wanted
to
do
better
and
hopes
to
go
to
college
and

become
a
teacher.
Imagine
this
scenario.
You
are
a
designer
who
works
at
the
well-‐
known
firm,
iPD
(Integrated
Planning
and
Design).
You
work
on
a
team
with
planners,

urban
designers,
policy
designers,
architects,
and
social
designers.
You
have
been

tasked
to
develop/design
a
way
for
Tammy
Crabtree
and
her
family
(and
others
with
situations
similar
to
Tammy’s)
to
move
themselves
out
of
poverty.

What
will
your
team
to
do
to
help
Tammy
and
her
family
achieve
their
goals?
What
approach
will
your
team
take
to
address
this
difficult
problem?

I
would
help
Tammy
and
her
family
by,
designing
a
complex
that
had
the
resources
that
needs.
One
that
had
housing
that
was
paid
for
by

working
in
the
complex
doing
different
menial
jobs.
I
really
felt
for
Tammy
in
that
she
was
clearly
a
hard
worker
and
had
goals
that
she
was

being
held
back
from
simply
because
she
wasn't
fortunate
enough
to
have
the
resources
to
fund
them.
So
I
would
implement
on
site
vocational

programs,
one
that
could
bring
people
like
Tammy
one
step
closer
to
what
she
wants
and
deserves.
The
systematic
nature
of
our
society,

doesn't
allow
people
like
Tammy
to
move
up
classes
and
significantly
improve
their
situation.
In
fact
“Americans
enjoy
less
economic
mobility

than
their
peers
in
Canada
and
much
of
Western
Europe.”1

And
that’s
why
the
government
needs
to
help
and
fund
more
projects
and
resources

to
help
these
families.

1

Jason
DeParle,
“Harder
for
Americans
to
Rise
from
Lower
Rungs,”
New
York
Times,
January
4,
2012,
accessed
April
29,
2017.

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/us/harder-‐for-‐americans-‐to-‐rise-‐from-‐lower-‐rungs.html

http://mediad.publicbroadcasting.net/p/kut/files/styles/x_large/public/2016
04/cactus_rose_1.jpg

Response
to
Carroll
Article:
“(Re)forming
Regent
Park:
When

Policy
Does
Not
Equal
Practice”

The
development
of
Regent
Park
is
phased,
and
there
are
several

more
phases
to
the
project.
What
actions
could
be
taken
to

ensure
more
social
integration
for
the
older
people
living
in
the

‘new
and
improved’
Regent
Park?

“By
differentiating
buildings
and
their
occupants,
these
subtle

changes
served
to
reinforce
the
lack
of
status
and
relative

powerlessness
of
low
income
residents.”
(214)

While
city
planners
were
making
important
strides
to
improve
the
park,
this
seemingly
minor

change
of
reprogramming
building
and
subsequently
the
tenants
who
live
there,
they
were
affectively
separating
income
groups.

Which
is
the

opposite
of
what
the
goal
of
the
project
was.
Residents
that
are
low
income
and
elderly
are
located
blocks
away
from
things
like
grocery
and
retail

stores.

In
order
to
help
fix
these
issues,
I
would
design
markets
and
other
necessities
closer
to
where
the
senior
residents
live.
I
would
also

implement
shuttles
that
take
them
where
they
need
to
go.
And
I
would
ensure
there
was
senior
recreational
activities
going
on
daily
in
their

buildings
in
an
effort
to
create
a
more
social
and
comfortable
environment.
In
order
to
have
the
senior
residents
be
able
to
socialize
with
other

groups,
I
would
implement
more
communal
events
and
a
central
recreational
building
for
all
residents.

http://www.friendshipcenters.org/portals/0/Charlotte%20Dining%20site.jpg

Response
to
Enriquez
TED
Talk:
“What
Will
Humans
Look
Like
in
100
Years?”

For
this
question,
we
will
focus
on
Juan
Enriquez’
Life
Two
civilization,
which

alters
fundamental
aspects
of
the
body.
We
are
living
longer
than
ever
before

in
human
history.
Enriquez
argues
that,
because
of
advances
in
bio-‐medical

technology,
the
possibility
of
living
to
120
years
of
age
and
beyond
is
quite

possible
for
many
of
us
in
this
D+D
class.
Assuming
that
his
assertion
is

accurate,
how
do
you
think
extended
life
spans
will
change
our
societies
and

built
environments?
What
new
issues
might
designers
face
because
of

extended
life
spans?

Extended
life
spans
that
give
us
the
possibility
to
live
up
to
120
would
force
us
to
change
our
society
and
environment
dramatically.
We

would
have
to
begin
to
create
a
more
sustainable
lifestyle
and
environment
for
the
elderly.
As
Enriquez
said
in
his
ted
talk,
in
the
US
most
old

people
find
themselves
alone
in
nursing
home
by
the
end
of
their
life.
And
so
if
our
lives
are
being
lengthened
we
have
to
be
able
to
supply
these

old
people
with
more
of
a
purpose,
socially
and
career
wise.
That
means
the
typical
retiring
age
would
be
dramatically
pushed
back.
And
instead

of
putting
old
people
in
nursing
homes,
there
would
be
more
apartment
complexes
built
that
cater
to
them.
Ones
that
encourage
socializing

amongst
residents.
Some
issues
designers
may
face
is
the
question
of
funds,
specifically
government
funds.
With
the
population
growing
and
less

people
dying,
funds
for
community
centers
and
social
security
will
become
incredibly
tight.
And
this
will
be
a
challenge
that
I
think
is
inevitably
in

out
future,
especially
living
in
America
where
government
funding
is
constantly
scaled
back.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-‐
05w9h1o3R7g/VmEsy0TzlFI/AAAAAAAAg9M/iYOvAfehVr0/s1600/old%2Bhands
%2Bnew%2Bhands.png

Response
to
Titicut
Follies

The
state
of
Massachusetts
tried
to
ban
the
1967
documentary
Titicut
Follies,
arguing
that
director

Frederick
Wiseman
had
violated
the
patients’
rights
by
not
getting
written
permission
to
film
them.

The
case
went
to
court,
and
Wiseman
argued
that
he
had
consent
from
their
legal
guardian,
the

institution.
After
a
judge
ruled
in
favor
of
the
state,
the
legal
appeals
carried
on
for
several
years:

in
1969,
Massachusetts
allowed
the
film
to
be
shown
to
doctors,
lawyers,
and
health
care

professionals;
in
1991,
a
superior
court
judge
ruled
it
could
be
released
for
the
“general
public,”
as

privacy
concerns
were
no
longer
at
issue,
so
many
years
later.

Should
Wiseman
have
been
allowed
to
film
the
residents
of
Bridgewater
Massachusetts

Correctional
Facility?
Why
or
why
not?
How
might
this
film
be
of
value
to
designers

(communication
designers,
product,
designers,
architects,
interior
designers,
planners,
landscape

designers,
systems
designers,
and/or
social
designers)?
In
other
words,
what
might
they
gain
from

this
film
that
they
could
use
in
their
work?

I
definitely
think
that
Wiseman
should
have
been
allowed
to
film
residents
of
Bridgewater.
It
is
necessary
and
incredibly
important
to
expose

atrocities
and
people
being
mistreated.
I
also
think
the
concept
of
residents
being
needed
to
give
their
consent
to
be
filmed
isn't
a
priority
in
this
case

because
of
the
setting
of
a
psychiatric
hospital.
And
I
think
that
families
of
the
patients
would
appreciate
the
documentary
more
than
anything
else.
It

would
be
exposing
what
their
loved
ones
are
going
through.
Designers
could
use
this
film
as
an
example
of
what
to
do
and
not
to
do
in
terms
of
designing

a
hospital.
It
could
encourage
them
to
ensure
that
they
help
design
one
that
actually
cares
for
their
residents
and
not
maltreat
them.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/85
/TiticutFolliesPoster.jpg

Response
to
PPT,
The
Architecture
of
Autism,
Public
Space

Prelude:
Wolf
Wolfensberger's
seminal
work
"The
Origin
and
Nature
of
Our
Institutional
Models"

posited
that
society
characterizes
people
with
intellectual
disabilities
as
sub-‐human
and
burdens
of

charity,
He
argued
that
this
dehumanization,
and
the
segregated
institutions
that
result
from
it,

ignored
the
potential
productive
contributions
that
all
people
can
make
to
society.
He
pushed
for
a

shift
in
policy
and
practice
that
recognized
the
human
needs
of
those
with
intellectual
challenges
and

provided
the
same
basic
human
rights
as
for
the
rest
of
the
population.

The
Scenario:
Imagine
that
you
and
your
four
children
live
in
Amherst,
New
York
in
a
$650,000
home

at
the
end
of
a
cul-‐de-‐sac
on
the
edge
of
a
ten
acre
woods.
The
town
has
purchased
a
one-‐acre
lot

three
houses
away
from
yours,
and
plans
to
build
a
group
home
for
ten
intellectually
challenged

adults.

As
a
resident
of
the
neighborhood,
would
you
support
or
oppose
this
proposal
and
why?

You've
learned
additional
information
about
the
residents
of
the
proposed
group
home
in
your

neighborhood.
In
2013,
three
of
the
ten
intended
residents
exhibited
challenging
behaviors
including

screaming,
public
masturbation,
repetitive
rocking,
and
echolalia
(elective
incontinence).
However,

these
behaviors
have
not
occurred
since
then.

How
would
this
change
your
opinion
about
the
construction
of
the
group
home
in
your
neighborhood?

The
residents
in
your
neighborhood
voted
(14-‐3)
to
reject
the
town
of
Amherst’s
proposal
to
build
a
group

home
in
the
neighborhood.
Town
officials
agreed
that
the
home
would
not
be
built
in
your
neighborhood

if
you
and
your
neighbors
could
develop
a
workable
alternative.

What
are
some
possible
solutions
that
would
allow
the
residents
of
the
home
to
be
provided
with
“the
same
basic
human
rights
as
the
rest
of

the
population”?

As
a
resident,
I
think
I
would
support
this
proposal.

I
believe
that
separating
the
disenfranchised
is
never
a
good
idea.
I
think
that
despite
the

“challenging
behaviors”
that
residents
have
exhibited,
these
are
things
that
aren’t
in
those
peoples
control
and
they
shouldn’t
be
penalized
for

them.
And
considering
fear
would
be
a
major
factor
in
the
decision
making
process
for
residents,
I
couldn’t
allow
that
to
dictate
my
choice.
I
think

a
possible
way
to
help
other
residents
come
to
a
resolution
that
would
result
in
a
favorable
outcome,
would
be
to
educate
them.
We
should
show

residences
similar
instances
and
situation
and
show
them
the
outcome
of
those
cases.
The
only
way
to
shut
down
fear
is
through
learning
the

facts.

https://s-‐media-‐cache-‐
ak0.pinimg.com/originals/f9/e2/0e/f9e20ea2b0
3f06c46d8a52c52ab5a195.jpg

Response
to
the
Connection
Between
Religion
and
Urban
Planning
by
David
Engwicht

In
his
article,
David
Engwicht
discusses
the
fact
that
religions
(of
all

types)
have
played
major
roles
in
the
development
of
our
cities.

Today,
places
of
worship
are
primary
components
of
almost
all

urban
centers.
Author
Lorne
Daniel
writes
“From
their
often
active

role
in
supporting
people
who
live
in
city
centers
to
their
iconic

influence
on
design
and
use
of
space,
religious
structures
tell
us
a
lot

about
our
history,
our
current
needs,
and
where
we
might
be

headed
in
the
future.
This
is
an
aspect
of
our
urban
future
that

planners
and
urbanists
should
attend
to.”

Identify
a
place
of
worship
with
which
you
are
somewhat
familiar.

(If
you
are
not
familiar
with
any
places
of
worship,
do
a
bit
of

research
on
one
in
your
own
city
or
town.)
Show
a
photograph
of

this
religious
structure.
(You
may
use
photographs
from
the
web.)

What
roles
has
this
place
served
in
the
development
of
your

city/town?
How
has
it
influenced
the
design
of
the
area
around
it?

How
has
its
role
changed
over
time?
What
roles
could
this
place
of

worship
play
in
the
future
development
of
your
city/town?

St
Vincent’s
DePaul
is
a
catholic
church
in
my
hometown
of
Elmont,
New
York.
It
looks
like
a
typical
suburban
church
but
it
actually
has

had
a
heavy
influence
on
town
events
and
activities.
A
church
basketball
team
and
league
has
stemmed
from
it,
one
that
I
took
part
in.
It

also
hosts
an
annual
fair
in
the
fall.
This
fair
gets
everyone
in
the
town
together,
and
has
everything
from
rides
to
zeppoles.
I
really
feel
like

the
role
the
church
plays
in
Elmont
goes
beyond
religion
and
is
more
about
community
than
anything
else.
And
I
think
that
concept
is
so

important,
it
elevates
morale
and
makes
people
feel
at
home
and
therefore
I
would
definitely
want
places
of
worship
to
play
a
similar
role

in
the
future
development
of
my
town.

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_oiNpRs137hg/TTiUG4p-‐
m1I/AAAAAAAACms/fEY0LU8WBws/s1600/elmont+017.JPG

Response
to
Prospects
for
the
Future
of
Diversity
and
Design

Consider
the
quote
in
your
syllabus
from
educator
Michael
J.

Shannon:
“Design,
as
vision
in
action-‐-‐the
intersection
of

understanding
and
creation-‐-‐is
a
universal
human
capability
that
can

play
a
fundamental
role
in
social
evolution,
in
the
process
that

transforms
resources,
energy,
and
information
to
make
our

world.”

At
the
beginning
of
this
course,
we
discussed
the
idea
that
we
are
all

designers
regardless
of
our
profession
or
field
of
study.
We’ve
asked

some
big
questions
along
the
way,
and
the
conclusion
section
of
our

textbook
raises
additional
issues
that
require
input
from
people
who

might
not
consider
themselves
to
be
part
of
the
formalized
design

professions.

Think
about
your
own
major
and/or
future
profession.
What
is
the

biggest
challenge,
problem,
or
question
that
your
field
needs
to

tackle
right
now?
What
do
you
plan
to
do
to
address
this
challenge,
problem,
or
question
either
as
part
of
your
studies
or

professional
life?

I
am
an
English
major
and
I
think
the
biggest
challenge
would
simply
have
to
be
the
job
market.
Being
an
English
major
leaves
things
very

open
ended
for
me,
which
I
like
but
it
definitely
poses
a
lot
of
challenges.
Options
include
journalism
which
doesn't
seem
very
prosperous

right
now
and
another
option
would
be
becoming
a
teacher
which
is
something
that
you
would
have
to
really
love
to
succeed
in.
I
think

that
more
funding
needs
to
go
to
the
liberal
arts
and
not
just
in
stem
majors.
This
is
particularly
true
at
UB.
We
need
to
realize
that
the

arts
are
important
to
society
as
well.
To
circumvent
low
job
prospects,
I
plan
to
go
to
grad
school
and
further
my
studies
in
hope
of

figuring
out
what
id
like
to
do
and
narrowing
my
options
a
bit
more

http://az616578.vo.msecnd.net/files/2016/04/24/635971142843732216-‐
1401012788_Liberal-‐Arts2.jpg

ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kavita Singh

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kavita Singh

Similar to ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kavita Singh (19)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (14)

ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kavita Singh