Download as PDF, PPTX
Apresentação de TCC geométrico e retrô bege e rosa.pdf
- 1.
- 2. THE COUNTRY England isa historically significant and culturally diverse nation within the United Kingdom, known for its role in global events like the Industrial Revolution and its monarchy's central role in national identity. It is famous for cultural icons like afternoon tea, football, and The Beatles. England's landscape varies from vibrant urban areas to stunning natural landscapes, and it continues to be a major global influence in politics, economics, culture, and education.
- 3. • Geographical andDemographic Elements • Economy • Government System and Public Policies • Cultural Representations • Celebratory Dates • Education TOPICS:
- 4. GEOGRAPHICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS Englandis a country located on the island of Great Britain, in the western portion of Europe. It’s situated between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea bordering Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. LOCATION
- 5. NATURAL RESOURCES The maingeographical features of the English territory are temperate vegetation and climate. The country has 130,395 square kilometers of extension, possessing several natural resources, such as: coal, gas, oil, iron ore, lead, zinc and gold.
- 6. POPULATION England is anindependent country that forms, along with Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom. It currently has a population of approximately 56 million inhabitants and a population density of 259 inhabitants/square kilometer. The most populous cities in the country today are London, Manchester, Birmingham and Leeds, which are also some of the tourists main destinations.
- 7. MAIN CITIES AND SIGHTS • BigBen, London Eye and Buckingham Palace LONDON MANCHESTER OXFORD
- 8.
- 9. BIG BEN LONDONEYE BUCKINGHAM PALACE MAIN SIGHTS
- 10. ECONOMY England's job marketis diverse, spanning sectors like finance, technology, and healthcare, driven by a skilled workforce. London, a global financial hub, stands out, but the EU exit has impacted labor migration. Flexibility and regulations coexist, while trends of remote work and sustainability are emerging. Adapting to global changes, the English market retains its international influence and innovation capacity. LABOR MARKET
- 11. COIN The currency ofEngland is the pound sterling, often abbreviated as GBP (Great British Pound). It is one of the oldest currencies in circulation and holds significant importance in international markets, being the official currency of the United Kingdom. Its stability and history play a crucial role in the British and global economy. The pound sterling (GBP) has a higher value compared to the Brazilian real (BRL), which is currently over 6 reais apart
- 12. GOVERNMENT SYSTEM England operatesunder a parliamentary monarchy system, which it shares with all countries in the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland). In this system, the monarch is the head of state and holds a hereditary position. Their role includes signing laws, opening and closing parliament during electoral periods, and representing the building of a national identity. However, their powers are largely symbolic and ceremonial. The current monarch is King Charles III. The primary functions of executive power and public policies are attributed to the Prime Minister, who is the head of government, a position currently held by Rish Sunak. The English legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
- 13. PUBLIC POLICES, HEALTHAND SECURITY Public policies in England encompass a range of areas within its parliamentary monarchy system. The monarch, currently King Charles III, holds a symbolic role, while executive power and policy formulation lie with the Prime Minister, presently Rishi Sunak. The legislative authority resides in the Parliament. PUBLIC POLICES HEALTH SECURITY A significant portion of healthcare services in England is free for English citizens and permanent residents. The NHS (National Health Service) is funded through tax revenue collected in the country. However, certain services may charge fees, such as prescription costs and dental treatments. Overall, England is considered a safe country. The police structure is strongly influenced by the legal system, which is based on contradictions and requires any accusation to be evidence-based. Authority is replaced by a Police and Crime Commissioner elected by the electorate of the region they oversee. They are responsible for maintaining police service efficiency, appointing the Chief Constable, and ensuring the implementation of a crime reduction plan.
- 14. CULTURAL REPRESENTATIONS FLAG THE FLAGOF ENGLAND IS REPRESENTED BY A WHITE BACKGROUND RECTANGLE WITH A RED CROSS DEPICTED ON IT, KNOWN AS THE ST. GEORGE'S CROSS. THE FLAG OF ENGLAND REPRESENTS THE ST. GEORGE'S CROSS, CONSIDERED THE COUNTRY'S PATRON SAINT SINCE THE 14TH CENTURY. IN ADDITION TO BEING OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZED AS THE PATRON SAINT OF ENGLAND, THE FIGURE OF ST. GEORGE IS ATTRIBUTED TO PROTECTING SOLDIERS, BASED ON BOTH THE HEROIC STORIES BEHIND THIS SAINT AND THE USE OF A SIMILAR SYMBOL TO THE ONE ON THE ENGLISH FLAG BY THE COUNTRY'S SOLDIERS DURING THE THIRD CRUSADE IN THE 12TH CENTURY. A WHITE RECTANGLE WITH A RED CROSS DESIGN REPRESENTS THE FLAG OF ENGLAND. IN THIS NATIONAL SYMBOL, THE COLOR WHITE CARRIES THE MEANING OF PEACE, WHILE THE COLOR RED REPRESENTS BRAVERY AND COURAGE. THE ELEMENTS OF THE ENGLISH FLAG WERE COMBINED WITH THOSE OF THE SCOTTISH FLAG TO CREATE THE FIRST FLAG OF THE UNITED KINGDOM IN 1606,
- 15.
- 16. ENGLISH CUISINE ISA DELIGHTFUL FUSION OF HISTORICAL TRADITIONS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES. OVER THE CENTURIES, BRITISH COOKING HAS EVOLVED BY BLENDING LOCAL INGREDIENTS AND CULINARY TECHNIQUES FROM DIVERSE REGIONS. WHILE BRITISH FOOD HAS SOMETIMES BEEN THE SUBJECT OF JOKES, RECENT YEARS HAVE SEEN A REEVALUATION AND REVITALIZATION, RESULTING IN A DIVERSE AND VIBRANT CULINARY LANDSCAPE. The cuisine boasts traditional dishes that are a reflection of the country's history and resources. The renowned "Full English Breakfast" is a prime example, featuring eggs, bacon, sausages, beans, mushrooms, and toast. Equally cherished is the "Sunday Roast," a weekly lunch featuring roast meat, roasted potatoes, vegetables, and Yorkshire pudding. Yet, the impact of multiculturalism is evident in modern meals. Due to migration and globalization, London and other cities offer an incredible range of restaurants serving dishes from all corners of the world. Moreover, a growing focus on seasonal and local ingredients has led to a resurgence in sustainable agriculture. England's culinary landscape is a testament to diversity and evolution over time. While its reputation has had its ups and downs, contemporary times are witnessing a culinary renaissance led by innovative chefs, premium ingredients, and a heightened awareness of food sourcing. The blend of culinary traditions and global influences has transformed the British food scene into an exciting and rewarding journey of exploration.
- 17.
- 18. FASHION, MUCH LIKEPOLITICS AND TECHNOLOGY, EVOLVES THROUGHOUT THE CENTURIES, mirroring the cultural and social changes of each period in human history. The perception of beauty also adjusts to each era, always linked to individual expression, as clothing reflects each person's aesthetic sense. Attire also changes according to the time and setting: home, work, or leisure. For a significant period, England was regarded as the fashion hub of Europe, with layered dresses signifying wealth for women, while men wore tunics secured with belts. In the Middle Ages, Byzantine styles marked a renaissance in art and fashion. Two-toned garments, especially fur coats, were popular among the upper classes for both men and women. FASHION
- 19. CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH FASHION ENCOMPASSESMANY AREAS Music has influenced British fashion trends over the decades, from the Beatles to the Sex Pistols to Amy Winehouse. Vivienne Westwood contributed to the punk movement of the late 1970s and 1980s, together with the famous punk band, The Sex Pistols. The stylist's designs were greatly influenced by the Elizabethan era, using corsets and skirt frames, referring to the royalty of England. Stella McCartney, daughter of Beatle Sir Paul McCartney, has a clothing line under her own name, started in 2001. MUSIC AND FASHION CLASSIC FASHION ENGLISH PUNK AND ALTERNATIVE FASHION On the more classic side of British fashion, Burberry was an influence with their classic coats for British rainy days. Rain boots are also popular due to the very wet weather. Saville Row is a famous street in MayFair, London, next to the traditional tailors' street. Other classic brands include Pringle of Scotland, which specialize in luxury wool (especially cashmere) and Liberty of London on Sloane Street, experts in men's printed shirts and women's accessories. Camden Town in London is the famous shopping area where punk and gothic fashion can be found. Handmade clothing and jewelry from local designers can also be found there. Vivienne Westwood's first boutique, called "At World's End" on London's King's Road, was where she dressed Malcolm McLaren of the Sex Pistols in the late 1970s. The boutique is still there, but now with the name "Anglomania". Anglomania is a more casual and reasonably priced store compared to Westwood's other fashion collections.
- 20. CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH FASHION ENCOMPASSESMANY AREAS MUSIC AND FASHION CLASSIC FASHION ENGLISH PUNK AND ALTERNATIVE FASHION
- 21. MONARCHY DRESS CODE THEBRITISH MONARCHY DRESS CODE IS TRADITIONALLY FORMAL AND ELEGANT, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON CEREMONIAL ATTIRE AND GALA OUTFITS. MEMBERS OF THE ROYALTY WEAR MILITARY UNIFORMS AT APPROPRIATE EVENTS AND PRECIOUS JEWELRY. THE CHOICE OF CLOTHING DEPENDS ON THE OCCASION, BUT MODESTY AND RESPECT FOR TRADITION ARE ALWAYS VALUED. IN GENERAL, THE ATTIRE OF THE BRITISH MONARCHY REPRESENTS SOPHISTICATION AND ETIQUETTE, WITH FLASHY, VULGAR AND EYE-CATCHING ATTIRE PROHIBITED.
- 22. EVENTS AND MAGAZINE INENGLAND ALSO HAS A FAMOUS FASHION MAGAZINE FOUNDED IN 1980, IN ENGLAND, I-D IS A MAGAZINE THAT BRINGS FASHION, MUSIC AND ART, IN A YOUNG AND LAID-BACK WAY. HOWEVER, IT DOESN'T STOP THERE. THE MAGAZINE CREATED BY TERRY JONES, FORMER ART DIRECTOR OF VOGUE, THE PUBLICATION BECAME KNOWN FOR ITS INNOVATIVE PHOTOGRAPHY AND UNUSUAL TYPOGRAPHY. STILL TALKING ABOUT FASHION, WE CANNOT FAIL TO MENTION ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT EVENTS FOR FASHION, WHICH IS A LONDON FASHION WEEK THAT TAKES PLACE TWICE A YEAR AND TAKES PLACE ONCE IN SEPTEMBER FROM THE 15TH TO THE 19TH.
- 23. ENTERTAINMENT LITERATURE: CINEMA ARTAND MUSEUMS ENGLAND IS THE MOTHER OF LITERATURE, BOASTING RENOWNED WRITERS SUCH AS: WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, JANE AUSTEN, CHARLES DICKENS, AND J.K. ROWLING, THE AUTHOR OF THE "HARRY POTTER" SERIES. THE ENGLISH FILM INDUSTRY HAS PRODUCED NOTABLE MOVIES OVER THE YEARS, AND EVENTS LIKE THE LONDON FILM FESTIVAL ATTRACT CINEMA ENTHUSIASTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD. EXAMPLES OF FILMS: HARRY POTTER, ENOLA HOLMES, A CLOCKWORK ORANGE AND THE "007" FILM FRANCHISE. ENGLAND HARBORS A RICH ARTISTIC HISTORY, WITH RENOWNED MUSEUMS AND GALLERIES SUCH AS THE NATIONAL GALLERY AND TATE MODERN, SHOWCASING A VAST COLLECTION OF ARTWORKS.
- 24. HOBBIES AT THE PUBHAVING A "PINT" (BEER): SPENDING HOURS PLAYING BINGO: TAKING CARE OF THE GARDEN: OR WATCHING HORSE RACES: DEPENDING ON THE SEASON, THE PUBS GET CROWDED, EVEN OUTSIDE, WITH PEOPLE HOLDING THEIR OWN LITTLE GLASSES, WHETHER IT'S BEER, WINE, OR ANY OTHER DRINK. THERE'S A PUB FOR ALL TYPES, FROM THE MODERN TO THE RUSTIC AND OLD, DATING BACK TO THE TUDOR ERA. THE ENGLISH LOVE IT, FROM THE YOUNG TO THE ELDERLY, WHO USUALLY FREQUENT THE LOCAL PUB. IN THE PAST, BINGO WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ELDERLY LADIES, GRANDMOTHERS, AND AUNTS WITH GLASSES PERCHED ON THE TIP OF THEIR NOSES, CAREFULLY CHECKING THE NUMBERS SO AS NOT TO MISS THE CHANCE TO, WITH A BIT OF LUCK, SHOUT "BINGO!" THE MODERNITY AND CONVENIENCE OF PLAYING ONLINE ATTRACT THE YOUNGER SEGMENT OF SOCIETY, ALTHOUGH UNFORTUNATELY, THERE ARE ALWAYS THOSE WHO TURN BINGO INTO MORE THAN JUST A PASTIME AND BECOME ADDICTED, WHICH IS BECOMING QUITE COMMON. IT'S NOT ONLY THE PARKS SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE CITY; HOUSES WITH GARDENS, MOST OF THE TIME, HAVE OWNERS WHO KEEP THEM IN PERFECT CONDITION. GARDENING STORES ARE POPULAR PLACES AT THE BEGINNING OF SPRING AND DURING THE SUMMER, THE TIME FOR GARDEN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES. THERE ARE NUMEROUS HORSE RACES THROUGHOUT THE YEAR WITH THOUSANDS OF SPECTATORS BETTING ON WHAT THEY BELIEVE TO BE THE BEST AND FASTEST HORSE. THERE'S SOMETHING FOR EVERY TASTE. FROM THE YOUNGEST TO THE NEARLY CENTENARIANS, SOME HOBBIES ARE SHARED ACROSS GENERATIONS.
- 25. THE CONSERVATIVE GOVERNMENTOF MARGARET THATCHER AND ALLIED NEWSPAPERS, INCLUDING RUPERT MURDOCH, ATTACKED PUBLIC BROADCASTS IN THE UK UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF AMERICAN DEREGULATION. THE BROADCASTING ACT OF 1990 WAS LESS RADICAL IN PRIVATIZING PUBLIC TELEVISION THAN FEARED, DUE TO THE SUPPORT OF TRADITIONAL CONSERVATIVE SECTORS. THE LEGISLATION IMPACTED THE TELEVISION SYSTEM, LEADING TO THE CONSOLIDATION OF ITV INTO ONLY TWO COMPANIES AND ALLOWING MURDOCH'S BRITISH SKY BROADCASTING TO DOMINATE SUBSCRIPTION TV. THE ATTEMPT TO INTRODUCE CABLE TV FAILED, RESULTING IN SKY'S DOMINANCE IN THE DIGITAL TV MARKET THROUGH SPORTS EVENTS. ENTERTAINMENT THEATER: TELEVISION ONE OF THE GREAT MILESTONES OF ART IS ELIZABETHAN THEATER, WHICH EMERGED FROM THE SECOND HALF OF THE 16TH CENTURY TO THE EARLY 17TH CENTURY. ITS NAME, "ELIZABETHAN," COMES FROM THE FACT THAT MOST OF ITS EXISTENCE COINCIDED WITH THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH I, A PERIOD OF ARTISTIC FERVOR IN ENGLAND. THE THEATER HAD THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURE: A BUILDING FACING A LARGE COURTYARD, WITH THE STAGE AT THE BACK. THERE WAS A CLEAR SEPARATION, AS ONE-THIRD OF THE GALLERIES PROVIDED SEATS FOR THE MORE FORTUNATE, THE "GENTLEMEN'S ROOM," WHILE COMMON PEOPLE STOOD OR SAT IN THE COURTYARD. ELIZABETHAN THEATER CAN BE CONSIDERED A MIXTURE OF POETIC AND THEATRICAL TRADITIONS FROM CLASSICAL CULTURE, WHERE, WITH THE AUDIENCE'S IMAGINATION, AUTHORS COULD TELL ANY STORY, ENCOMPASSING GREEK ROMANCES AND TRAGEDIES, MEDIEVAL TALES, AND ITALIAN COMEDIES, AMONG OTHERS. As examples of great playwrights from this period, we have Ben Jonson, Christopher Marlowe, and, of course, William Shakespeare, who, through the work of his company at the Globe Theatre, left one of the greatest dramatic legacies for world theater.
- 26. SPORT FOOTBAL RUGBY TENNIS FOOTBALLIS THE MOST POPULAR AND WIDELY PRACTICED SPORT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. ENGLAND IS THE BIRTHPLACE OF MODERN FOOTBALL, WHERE THE RULES OF THE GAME WERE ESTABLISHED. THE PREMIER LEAGUE, ENGLAND'S TOP-TIER FOOTBALL LEAGUE, IS ONE OF THE MOST WATCHED AND COMPETITIVE LEAGUES IN THE WORLD, BEING AS RENOWNED AS THE WORLD CUP. RUGBY IS A BRITISH PASSION, DIVIDED INTO TWO MAIN FORMS: RUGBY UNION AND RUGBY LEAGUE. RUGBY UNION IS MORE POPULAR IN ENGLAND. TWICKENHAM STADIUM IN LONDON IS THE HOME OF ENGLAND'S RUGBY UNION MATCHES AND IS AN ICONIC VENUE FOR THE SPORT. TENNIS IS ALSO GREATLY APPRECIATED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. THE WIMBLEDON CHAMPIONSHIPS, ONE OF THE FOUR GRAND SLAM TOURNAMENTS, IS HELD ANNUALLY IN LONDON AND IS KNOWN FOR ITS TRADITION AND ELEGANCE. OTHER SPORTS IN ADDITION TO THESE, SPORTS LIKE GOLF, CYCLING, BOXING, TABLE TENNIS, HOCKEY, ATHLETICS, AND WINTER SPORTS ARE ALSO PREVALENT.
- 27.
- 28. CLASSICAL MUSIC THE BEATLES AND THEBRITISH INVASION BRITPOP FESTIVALS AND MUSIC EVENTS THE HISTORY OF MUSIC IN ENGLAND IS RICH AND DIVERSE, SPANNING CENTURIES OF CULTURAL INFLUENCES AND ARTISTIC EVOLUTIONS. FROM CLASSICAL MUSIC TO ROCK AND POP MOVEMENTS, ENGLAND HAS PLAYED A SIGNIFICANT ROLE ON THE GLOBAL MUSIC SCENE. THE CLASSICAL MUSIC TRADITION IN ENGLAND DATES BACK TO THE MIDDLE AGES, WITH SACRED MUSIC BEING AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES. COMPOSERS LIKE HENRY PURCELL AND EDWARD ELGAR LEFT A LASTING LEGACY IN ENGLISH CLASSICAL MUSIC. ELGAR'S "POMP AND CIRCUMSTANCE MARCHES" IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH A SENSE OF PATRIOTISM. IN THE 60S, ENGLAND PLAYED A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THE GLOBAL MUSIC SCENE WITH THE RISE OF THE BEATLES AND THE "BRITISH INVASION." BANDS LIKE THE BEATLES, THE ROLLING STONES, THE WHO, AND THE KINKS DOMINATED INTERNATIONAL MUSIC CHARTS, INFLUENCING GENERATIONS OF MUSICIANS AND ESTABLISHING ENGLAND AS A ROCK EPICENTER. IN THE 90S, THE BRITPOP MOVEMENT GAINED PROMINENCE WITH BANDS LIKE OASIS, BLUR, PULP, AND SUEDE. BRITPOP CELEBRATED BRITISH CULTURE AND HAD A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON BOTH MUSIC AND FASHION. ENGLAND IS RENOWNED FOR ITS MUSIC FESTIVALS, THESE EVENTS ATTRACT MUSIC FANS FROM AROUND THE WORLD, BECOMING KEY HIGHLIGHTS IN THE GLOBAL MUSIC CALENDAR. MUSIC
- 29.
- 30. THE COMMEMORATIVE DATESOF ENGLAND ARE A BEAUTIFUL SYMBOL OF THE COUNTRY'S ESSENCE: MULTICULTURAL AND UNUSUAL, THEY HAVE BECOME SYNONYMOUS WITH ATTRACTIONS FOR VISITORS. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, THERE ARE BASICALLY TWO TYPES OF HOLIDAYS: BANK HOLIDAYS (WHEN BANKS CLOSE) AND COMMON LAW HOLIDAYS, WHICH ARE DATES ESTABLISHED AS HOLIDAYS BY ECONOMIC SECTORS ACCORDING TO THE COUNTRY'S LAWS. MOST NATIONAL HOLIDAYS ALSO DO NOT OCCUR ON A FIXED DAY. IF A HOLIDAY FALLS ON A SUNDAY, FOR EXAMPLE, THE DATE IS USUALLY MOVED TO THE NEXT MONDAY: THIS WAY, NOBODY LOSES THE DAY OFF. SOME OF THESE HOLIDAYS ARE: ST. GEORGE'S DAY, KING’S DAY, BONFIRE NIGHT, SPRING AND SUMMER BANK HOLIDAY.
- 31. ENGLAND ALSO HASLOTS OF CELEBRATORY DANCES, AMONG THE MOST FAMOUS IS THE MORRIS DANCE . MORRIS DANCE • IT’S A PREDOMINANTLY MALE TRADITIONAL DANCE THAT INVOLVES ENERGETIC LEAPS, ALTERNATING LEGS. THE DISTINCTIVE ATTIRE INCLUDES COSTUMES ADORNED WITH BELL PADS ON THE SHINS, ALONG WITH ACCESSORIES SUCH AS SWORDS, HANDKERCHIEFS, AND STICKS. THE EARLIEST MENTION OF THE DANCE DATES BACK TO 1448, APPEARING IN BISHOP VISITATIONS, PLAYS, AND OTHER OCCASIONS.
- 32.
- 33. FIRST AND FOREMOST,THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ENGLAND IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE BEST IN THE WORLD, PROVIDING A HIGH STANDARD OF TEACHING QUALITY AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION FROM THE AGE OF 5 TO 16. In this way, the British educational system is divided into Key Stages, which are blocks of school years, and at the end of each block, schools in England assess the students' performance. • From ages 4 to 5, it's the "reception" year; • From ages 5 to 7, 1st Key Stage (primary education - Year 1 to Year 2); • From ages 7 to 11, 2nd Key Stage (primary education - Year 3 to Year 6); • From ages 11 to 14, 3rd Key Stage (Year 7 to Year 9); • From ages 14 to 16, 4th Key Stage (secondary education - Year 10 to Year 11). Upon completing the 11th year of education in England, students need to take the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams, which are usually required for employment in England. At the age of 16, students decide whether they prefer to leave school or continue studying. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM:
- 34. HIGH SCHOOL INENGLAND ENCOMPASSES YEAR 7 THROUGH YEAR 11. DURING THIS PERIOD, STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO STUDY CORE SUBJECTS SUCH AS ENGLISH LANGUAGE, MATHEMATICS, AND SCIENCES, BUT THEY CAN ALSO CHOOSE NON-ESSENTIAL ELECTIVE SUBJECTS. HIGH SCHOOL THERE ARE ALSO EXCHANGE PROGRAM OPTIONS. THE MAIN GOAL OF THESE PROGRAMS IS TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF CULTURE AND KNOWLEDGE. THIS IS WHY HIGH SCHOOL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR INDIVIDUALS AGED 15 TO 18 WHO WISH TO STUDY IN ENGLAND, IMMERSING THEMSELVES IN THE EXPERIENCE OF EDUCATION ABROAD.
- 35.
- 36. TOP 3 UNIVERSITIES: Rankedas the best university in England according to global rankings, the University of Oxford was founded in 1096 and has preserved its history throughout the years. It is not only the oldest higher education institution among those that use the English language but, more importantly, it's renowned for its teaching excellence, a factor that consistently places it on the lists of the world's top universities. OXFORD UNIVERSITY
- 37. TOP 3 UNIVERSITIES: TheUniversity of Cambridge is another globally recognized institution known for the quality of its education and the success of its graduates. Interestingly, its history is closely tied to the University of Oxford, with which it maintains a certain level of rivalry. This is because the University of Cambridge was founded in 1209 by former scholars of Oxford. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY
- 38. TOP 3 UNIVERSITIES: Foundedin 1907, Imperial College London earns its reputation as one of the top universities in England not just by name alone; this institution's primary focus is on the practical application of science and technology. Among its notable alumni is Sir Alexander Fleming, one of the 14 Nobel Prize winners who have passed through the university. IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON
- 39. ADMISSION TO UNIVERSITIESIN ENGLAND IS COORDINATED BY THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE ADMISSIONS SERVICE (UCAS). TO APPLY TO AN INSTITUTION IN THE COUNTRY, INTERESTED INDIVIDUALS MUST ACCESS THE UCAS WEBSITE AND COMPLETE THE APPLICATION. WAYS TO ENTER UNIVERSITY UNLIKE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION, HIGHER EDUCATION IN ENGLAND IS NOT FREE. AS A RESULT, TO PURSUE AN UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE, STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO PAY TUITION FEES BASED ON THE COURSE, LEVEL OF STUDY, AND THE CHOSEN UNIVERSITY.
- 40. VOCABULARY 1 AS WELLAS (ASSIM COMO) 2 Knowledge (Conhecimento) 3 Cannot fail to mention (Não posso deixar de mencionar) 4 Landscape (Paisagem) 5 Milestones (Conquistas) 6 Prime Minister (Primeiro-ministro) 7 Cuisine (Culinária) 8 Patron (Patrocinador) 9 EYE-CATCHING ATTIRE (VESTIMENTA CHAMATIVA) 10 Encompass (Abranger) 11 Bishop (Bispo) 12 Parliament (Parlamento) 13 Ferris wheel (Roda Gigante) 14 Handkerchiefs (Lenços de bolso) 15 Draw attentions (Chamar atenção)
- 41. VERBS • TO LOCATE/LOCATed/Located(Localizar) • TO Consider/ Considered/ Considered (Considerar) • To Mark/ Marked/ Marked (Marcar) • TO HAVE/ Had/ Had (Ter) • To Be (is, are)/ was, were/ been (Ser/Estar) • TO DO/ Did/ Done (Fazer) • To Become/ became/ became (Tornar-se) • TO Get/ Got/ Gotten (Obter) TO HEAR/ HEARD/ HEARD (OUVIR) TO Hold/ held/ holden (Segurar) TO Know/ Knew/ Known (Conhecer) TO Fall/ fell/ fallen (Cair) TO Tell/ told/ told (Contar) TO Choose/ chose/ chosen (Escolher) TO Wear/ wore/ worn (Vestir)
- 42.
- 43.