2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. ▪ 미국심리학회(American Psychological Association) 규정 지침
- 교육학, 사회과학, 소비자학, 아동학 등에서 사용
▪ Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition
내주와 참고문헌 사용
- 내주(in-text citation): 본문에서 인용한 자료를 표시하는 방법으로 해당 인용 자료에
관한 간략한 사항을 소괄호를 묶어 기재하는 방식
▶ 국제학술논문작성표준형식 - APA
p. (pp.) 페이지 [Page (pages)]
Vol. 권(Volume) (예, Vol. 4)
Vols. 권들(volumes) (예, 4 vols.)
No. 번호/호수(Number)
Pt. 부(Part)
Tech. Rep. 기술보고(Technical Report)
Suppl. 보충자료(Supplement)
▶ 참고문헌에 사용되는 영문 약자
chap. 장(chapter)
ed. 판(edition)
Rev. ed. 개정판(revised edition)
2 nd ed. 제2판(second edition)
Ed. (Eds.) 편집자(들) [Editor (Editors)]
Trans. 역자(들) [Translator(s)]
n.d. 날짜 없음(no date)
1
3. “아름다움을 만들어 가는 활도[i.e.: 활동] 속에서 인간의 정서는 결정처럼 아름
다운 틀을 이룩하는 것”(Read, 1999, p. 141)이라 한다면 …
According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA style,
especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).
She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style" (Jones, 1998, p.
199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.
▶ 그대로 인용 - 짧은 인용
- 어느 정도의 분량에 각주를 달아야 하는가에 대하여 국내에 통일된 원칙은 없으나 문단
마다 각주표시를 하는 것이 적당하다(한국법학교수회, n.d.).
- 인용은 ‘그대로 인용’과 ‘요약 또는 바꾸어 인용’이 있다.
- 그대로 인용은 “큰따옴표”로 기재하되 오자나 탈자도 그대로 기재한다.
2
4. - 40단어 또는 3줄 이상을 그대로 인용할 때는 블록인용 한다.
- 블록인용은 줄 바꿔 한 줄 비우고, 인용문의 앞과 뒷부분을 2-3 스페이스 들여 쓰고, 본문
보다 행간을 좁게, 활자를 1-2포인트 정도 줄여 블록처럼 보이게 작성하며 인용부호를 쓰
지 않는다.
- 그대로 인용하는 내용이 3행 이상일 때 사용하며, 탈자나 오자도 원문 그대로 기재(‘[실은]’,
‘[sic] 또는 [원문대로]’)라고 부기한다.
- 인용 내용의 일부를 생략할 경우는 3점 줄임 ‘...’을 사용한다.
▶ 그대로 인용 - 긴 인용 – 블록인용(Block Quotation)
○○○은 ~~~~~에 대하여:
국립중앙도서관은 한 나라의 법정납본기관이며 국비에 의해 공익적 선 투자
의 가능성을 가진 기관이란 점에서 마땅히 MARC의 개발의 임무가 부여되어
있다. 이러한 합목적성의 인식과 이를 수용할 수 있었던 체질에서 1980년대의
여명으로서 한국문헌 자동화목록법을 출범시켰던 것이다. 이는 진실로 도서관
의 자원을 통신계와 연결시키려는 노력이었다(1986, p. iii).
3
5. ▣ 1인 저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용
저자명 (발행년) ~
Last Name (Year) ~
두 번째 이후 인용
저자명 (발행년) ~
Last Name (Year) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용
(저자명, 발행년).
(Last Name, Year).
두 번째 이후 인용
(저자명, 발행년).
(Last Name, Year).
▶ 본문 내에서의 참고자료 인용
4
6. ▣ 2인 공저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용
저자명1, 저자명2 (발행년) ~
Last1 and Last2 (발행년) ~
두 번째 이후 인용
저자명1, 저자명2 (발행년) ~
Last1 and Last2 (발행년) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용
(저자명1, 저자명2, 발행년).
(Last1 & Last2, 발행년).
두 번째 이후 인용
(저자명1, 저자명2, 발행년).
(Last1 & Last2, 발행년).
5
7. ▣ 3인 공저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용
저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3 (발행년) ~
Last1, Last2, and Last3 (Year) ~
두 번째 이후 인용
저자명1 등 (발행년) ~
Last1 et al. (Year) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용
(저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 발행년).
(Last1, Last2, & Last3, Year).
두 번째 이후 인용
(저자명1 등, 발행년).
(Last1 et al., Year).
6
8. ▣ 4인 공저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용
저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 저자명4 (발행년) ~
Last1, Last2, Last3, and Last4 (Year) ~
두 번째 이후
인용
저자명1 등 (발행년) ~
Last1 et al. (Year) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용
(저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 저자명4, 발행년).
(Last1, Last2, Last3, & Last4, Year).
두 번째 이후
인용
(저자명1 등, 발행년).
(Last1 et al., Year).
7
9. ▣ 5인 공저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째
인용
저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 저자명4, 저자명5 (발행년) ~
Last1, Last2, Last3, Last4, and Last5 (Year) ~
두 번째
이후 인용
저자명1 등 (발행년) ~
Last1 et al. (Year) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째
인용
(저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 저자명4, 저자명5, 발행년).
(Last1, Last2, Last3, Last4, & Last5, Year).
두 번째
이후 인용
(저자명1 등, 발행년).
(Last1 et al., Year).
8
10. ▣ 6인 이상 저서
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용
저자명1 등 (발행년) ~
Last1 et al. (Year) ~
두 번째 이후 인용
저자명1 등 (발행년) ~
Last1 et al. (Year) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용
(저자명1 등, 발행년).
(Last1 et al., Year).
두 번째 이후 인용
(저자명1 등, 발행년).
(Last1 et al., Year).
9
11. ▣ 단체(축약명이 알려진 경우)
문장에
포함하는
경우
첫 번째 인용 완전단체명(축약단체명, 발행년) ~
두 번째 이후 인용 축약단체명 (발행년) ~
문장에
포함하지
않는 경우
첫 번째 인용 (완전단체명[축약명], 발행년).
두 번째 이후 인용 (축약단체명, 발행년).
* 알려진 축약명이 없는 경우는 모두 완전단체명을 기재한다. 10
12. - 한국인은 성과 이름, 서양인은 성만 기재
- 자료 전체의 인용은 발행년만 기재하고, 부분인용은 면수까지 기재
- 성이 동일할 경우 이름까지 기재
<예> R. D. Luce (1959) and P. A. Luce (1986)
- 3인 이상 저서가 발행년이 동일할 경우는 두 저서를 구별하는데 필요한 만큼 저자를 기재
<예> Ireys, Chernoff, DeVet, et al. (2001) and Ireys, Chernoff, Stein, et al. (2001)
- 그림, 도표자료의 인용은 ‘(원저자, 발행년, 도표 번호)’로 기재
<예> (완전한 데이터는 OOO, 1997의 <도표 III-1>을 보라)
(See Table 2 of Hashtroudi, Chrosniak, & Schwartz, 1991, for complete data)
- 발행년은 서기년도로 기재. 한 저자의 동일년 발행 2개 이상의 자료는 식별 문자 기재 =
2000a, 2000b
- 인용면수: 1페이지 인용시 p., 2페이지 이상 인용시 pp. 기재
- 문장 중의 자료명은 참고문헌의 서명 기재 형식과 같이 한국어는 진하게, 영어는 이탤릭체
▶ 본문에 기재하는 방법
11
13. (저자명, 발행년, 인용면수; 저자명, 발행년, 인용면수)
- 한국어와 한국어로부터 가까운 언어순으로, 저자명은 가나다순으로,
동일 저자의 두 개 이상의 인용은 연도순으로 기재한다.
▶ 2개 이상의 자료를 동시에 인용
12
14. ▶ 참고문헌 기재 방법
- 언어나 인용자료의 형태적인 특성에 상관하지 않고 함께 가나다순과 알파벳순으로 배열.
그러나 특별히 정한 형식을 요하는 경우는 정해진 형식에 준한다.
- 동일 저자의 2개 이상의 저작일 경우도 저자명을 그대로 기재하고,
배열은 연도순, 자료명순으로 배열
- 동일명으로 시작되는 저자명은 단일 저작을 먼저, 공저서는 그 다음에 배열
- 서명의 처음에 표시된 관사(A, An, The)는 다음 단어의 문자순으로 배열
- 지명만으로 식별되지 않은 미국의 주명은 정해진 약자로 기재
- 번역자료는 원저자명을 원어로 기재하고 해당 문자순으로 배열
13
- 쉼표, 콜론, 세미콜론, 참고문헌 인용 부분을 구분하는 마침표, 사람 이름의 첫 글자의 마침
표 다음에는 한 칸 띄운다.
- 약자에는 마침표를 사용하나, 주이름(예: NY), 대문자 약자와 두문자(예: APA), 측정단위의
약자에는 사용하지 않는다(예외: 인치의 약자 in.)
▶ 구두점
15. [출판연도까지 동일한 저자의 연구(예)]
정채영 (1989a). 아동의 …
정채영 (1989b). 유아놀이 분석 …
Kaufman, J. R. (1980a). Control …
Kaufman, J. R. (1980b). Roles of …
김길동 (2000a). 사회공포증. 이상심리학시리즈 I
김길동 (2000b). 강박장애. 이상심리학시리즈 II
[맨 앞 저자가 같은 경우(예)]
홍길동 (1991).
홍길동, 심순애 (1990). …
Kaufman, J. R. and Jones, K. (1977). …
Kaufman, J. R. and Jones, K. (1980). …
정채영 (1989). …
정채영, 심구영 (1979). …
정채영, 심구영, 홍길동 (1987). …
Kaufman, J. R. and Cochran, D. F. (1991).
Kaufman, J. R. and Wallston, J. M. (1983).
14
[일반적인 제시 순서(예)]
김순 (1997). …
김순일 (1992). …
정채영, 김상식 (1990). …
정채영, 김상식, 안혜진 (1982). …
정채영, 안혜진 (1981). …
Brown, J. R. (1993). …
Brown, P. S. (1989). …
Browning, A. R. (1999). …
16. ▶ 참고문헌 기재 방법 - 단행본
저자명 (역할어). (발행년). 표제: 부표제 (역할을 달리한 저자) (판차, 권차). 발행지: 발행사.
저자명
- 서양인은 성(Last Name)은 완전명으로 이름은 약자로만 기재
- 서양인 세기(II) 또는 ‘Jr’ 등의 표시는 해당 저자명 끝에 부기
역할어 저(著) 이외의 편, 역, 주 등 기재
발행년
- 인쇄년이 아닌 최종 발행년을 서기년도로 기재.
- 2년 이상 걸쳐 발행된 다권본은 (처음권 발행년-최종권 발행년)으로 기재
- 한 저자의 동일년 발행 2개 이상의 자료는 발행연도에 식별문자 a, b, c를 부기
표제
- 영어표제는 처음 문자와 고유명사 이외는 모두 소문자. 동양어는 진하게,
서양어는 이탤릭체로 기재.
- 부표제가 두 개 이상일 때는 처음부표제는 ‘:’으로, 두 번째 이하는 ‘;’으로 구분
역할을 달
리한 저자
부차적인 저자명은 역할어와 함께 ( )로 기재
판차,권차 개정판이나 권차가 있을 때 기재
발행지
발행사가 있는 도시명을 관용명으로. 도시명의 식별이 필요한 경우는 상위지명
구분을 동양지명은 ( )에, 영어는 ‘,’로 기재 = 광주(경기도) / Hillsdale, NJ
발행처 구성이나 성격을 나타낸 ‘도서출판’, ‘주식회사’ 등의 용어는 기재하지 않는다.
15
17. ▶ 참고문헌 기재 방법 - 연속간행물
연구자명 (발행년). 논문명. 수록지명 (발행단체명), 권(호), 논문수록면수.
연구자명
- 단행본과 동일
- 저작자가 없는 신문기사의 경우 “식별 가능한 만큼의 기사명”으로 기재
발행년
- 간행빈도에 따라 연도, 계절명, 월, 일 등을 기재
예: (2001년 9월 26일) / (1993, May 30)
- 인쇄중일 경우: (인쇄중) 또는 (in press)로 기재
논문명
- 영어표제는 처음 문자와 고유명사 이외는 모두 소문자
- 부논문명이 두 개 이상일 때는 처음 부논문명에는 ‘:’으로, 두 번째 이하는 ‘;’
으로 구분하여 기재
수록지명
- 논문이 수록된 논문집명이나 연속간행물명의 식별이 필요한 경우 발행단체명
을 ( )에 부기
- 동양어는 진하게, 서양어는 이탤릭체로 기재
권(호)
수록된 권과 호를 기재. 권(volume)은 동양자료는 진하게, 서양자료는 이탤릭체
로 기재
수록면수 참고문헌에는 p. (pp.) 없이 수록된 처음-마지막 면수만 기재
16
18. ▣ 1인 저서
* 서양어 단체가 저작자인 경우 저자 요소 다음에 마침표를 찍는다.
* 저자가 없는 저작물은 제목을 저자명 위치에 기재하고 마침표를 붙여라.
* 판표시는 서명에 소괄호로 부기 (예: 개정판. 수정증보판. 2nd ed. 3rd ed. Rev. ed.)
내주 (남상문, 2008, p. 109)
참고문헌 남상문 (2008). 교육학개론. 서울: 선인.
내주 (Shotton, 1989, pp. xx-xx)
참고문헌
Shotton, M. A. (1989). Computer addiction?: A study of computer dependency.
London, England: Taylor & Francis.
▶ 내주와 참고문헌의 예
17
19. ▣ 3~5인 저서
내주
(김선양, 김신일, 김지자, 손직수, 이돈희, 1984, p. 17) – 첫 번째 인용
(김선양 등, 1984, p. 17) - 두 번째 이하 인용
참고문헌
김선양, 김신일, 김지자, 손직수, 이돈희 (편). (1984). 韓國社會와 敎育. 서울: 교
육과학사.
내주
(Abrams, Jajodia, & Podell, 1994, pp. 88-90) – 첫 번째 인용
(Abrams et al., 1994, pp. 88-90) - 두 번째 이하 인용
참고문헌
Abrams, M. D., Jajodia, S. & Podell, H. J. (Eds.). (1994). Information security:
An integrated collection of essays (3rd ed.). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE
Computer Society Press.
• 1~2인 저자는 본문 내 첫 번째 인용과 두 번째 이하 인용 동일하게 기재
• 3~5인 저자는 본문 내 첫 번째 인용에는 모두, 두 번째 이하 인용부터는 첫 번째 저자만 기재
• 6인 이상 저자는 본문 내 첫 번째 인용부터 첫 번째 저자명만 기재하고 ‘등’ 또는 ‘et al.’을 부기
• 7인 이하 공저서의 참고문헌은 저자 모두 기재
• 8인 이상 공저서의 참고문헌은 6인까지 기재하고 ‘3점 줄임’ 표시 후 마지막 저자를 기재
18
20. ▣ 저자 미상의 저서
내주 (홍길동전, 1942).
참고문헌 홍길동전 (1942). 경성: 박문서관.
내주 (Lottery, 1732, pp. 41-45) - 관사 생략
참고문헌 The Lottery. (1732). London: J. Watts.
19
21. ▣ 번역서
내주 (Allen & Gordon, n.d./1994, p. 62)
참고문헌
Allen, T., & Gordon, S. (1994). 닥터 노먼 베쑨 (천희상, 역). 서울: 실천문학사.
(원서발행년 불명).
내주 (Laplace, 1814/1951, pp. 117-118)
참고문헌
Laplace, P. (1951). A Philosophical essay on probabilities (F. W. Truscott & F. L.
Emory, Trans.). New York: Dover. (Original work published in 1814)
* 내주에는 역할어를 기재하지 않는다.
내주 (정필모, 1999, pp. 37-40)
참고문헌 정필모 (편). (1999). 문헌정보학 명문선. 서울: 구미무역.
* (저자명, 원본발행년/번역본발행년, 면수).
* n.d. – 발행년 미상
▣ 편저서
20
22. ▣ 단체명
내주
(완전 단체명[축약 단체명], 발행년, p. xx) - 첫 번째 인용
(축약 단체명, 1993, p. 19) - 두 번째 인용
참고문헌
완전 단체명[축약 단체명]. (발행년). 서명. 발행지: 동 협회. – 단체명과 발행처가
동일할 경우 간단히 기재
* 발행한 행정기관명을 저자로 기재. 그러나 개인명이 저작자로 나타나 있을 때는 개인명을
저자로 기재
* (상위기관명. 하위기관명, 발행년, 면수)로 기재
<예> (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 1988, pp. 22-40)
* 참고문헌에 기재되는 정부기관명이 식별이 필요한 경우는 ‘상위기관명. 하위기관명’으로
기재
21
23. ▣ 장(Chapter)
내주 (안신호, 1997, p. 390)
참고문헌
안신호 (1997). 직장인이 추구하는 삶의 의미. 김명언, 박영석 (편), 한국기업문화의
이해 (pp. 388-440). 서울: 오름.
내주 (Shuhua, 2007)
참고문헌
Shuhua, L. (2007). The Night of Midautumn Festival. In J. S. M. Lau & H.
Goldblatt (Eds.), The Columbia Anthology of Modern Chinese Literature (pp.
95-102). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
22
24. ▣ 다권본 – 2권 이상 인용
내주 (이상옥, 1952, 제1권, p. 43, 제2권, pp. 67-68)
참고문헌 이상옥 (1952). 한국의 역사 (전5권). 서울: 교문사.
내주 (Author, Year-Year, Vol. 2, p. xx, Vol. 3, pp. xx-xx)
참고문헌 Author, A. A. (Year-Year). Title of work (Vols. 1-3). Location: ….
내주 (이상옥, 1952, pp. 19-20)
참고문헌 이상옥 (1952). 한국의 역사 (제2권). 서울: …
내주 (Tillich, 1957, pp. 30-38)
참고문헌 Tillich, P. (1957). Systematic theology (Vol. 2). ...
참고문헌
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of volume. In B. B. Author (Ed.), Title of work
(xx ed., Vol. x, pp. xx-xx). Location: …. – 권별 표제가 있는 경우
▣ 다권본 – 1책 인용
* 총서의 각 권은 ‘권 저자명 (발행년). 권 제목. 편저자명 (역할어), 총서명 (제○권). 발행지: 발행사.’ 형식
23
25. ▣ 사전
내주 (“임오군란,” 1973, pp. 1351-1353) – 용어만 인용
참고문헌 임오군란. (1973). 국사대사전 (이홍직, 편). 서울: 백만사.
내주 (Bergmann, 1993, Vol. 26, pp. 501-508)
참고문헌
Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol.
26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
24
26. ▣ 보고서
내주 (저자명, 발행년, p. xx)
참고문헌
저자명1, 저자명2, 저자명3, 저자명4 (발행년). 보고서명 (보고서번호명. No.
xx-x). 발행지: 발행사.
내주 (Author1 & Author2, Year, pp. xx-xx)
참고문헌
Author, A. A. & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of Work (Report No. xxx).
Location: ...
Author, A. A. & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of Work. Location: Publisher.
(ERIC or NTIC number).
25
27. ▣ 학위논문
내주 (심순애, 1994, p. x)
참고문헌 심순애 (1994). 관계절 문장의 명제적 표상 (석사학위논문). 서울대학교, 서울.
내주 (Jackson, 1984)
참고문헌
(미출판)
Jackson, J. B. (1984). Discovering the vernacular landscape (Unpublished
doctoral dissertation). University of Missouri, Columbia.
참고문헌
(DB에서)
McNiel, D. S. (2006). Meaning through narrative: A personal narrative
discussing
growing up with an alcoholic mother (Master's thesis). Available from
ProQuest Dissertation and Theses database. (UMI No. 1434728)
- 학위명은 석사학위논문, 박사학위논문 형식으로 기재
26
28. ▣ 학술회의·심포지움
내주 (박용덕, 정지웅, 1977, pp. 23-24)
참고문헌
박용덕, 정지웅 (편). (1977년 6월). 한국농민교육협의회 계획실천 평가 세미나.
제3차 세미나 보고서; 수원 말씀의 집, 6월 25일-28일. 서울: …
내주 (Christensen & Oppacher, 2002)
참고문헌
Christensen, S., & Oppacher, F. (2002, April). An analysis of Koza's
computational effort statistic for genetic programming. In J. A. Foster, E.
Lutton, J. Miller, C. Ryan, & A. G. Tettamanzi (Eds.), Genetic
programming (pp. 182-191). EuroGP 2002: Proceedings of the 5th
European Conference on Genetic Programming; Kinsdale, Ireland, April
3-5, 2002. Berlin: Springer.
27
* 회의자료(영어)는 ‘작성자 (발행년). 발표자료명. In 자료의 편집자, 자료명 (수록면수). 자료명에 대한 설
명어구: 회의장소, 회의일자. 발행지명: 발행자.’ 형식
29. ▣ 학술논문
내주 (서미옥, 2009, p. 26) – 인용면수 기재
참고문헌
서미옥 (2009). 사회적 기술 훈련 효과에 대한 메타 분석. 교육학연구, 47(2),
25-52. – pp. 없이 수록 면수 기재
내주 (Kuhn, 2009, p. 2)
참고문헌
Kuhn, D. (2009). Do students need to be taught how to reason? Educational
research review, 4(1), 1-6.
* 논문명이 ?로 끝나는 경우는 다음 사항을 위한 마침부호를 사용하지 않는다.
* 인쇄중 논문은 발행년도 대신 ‘인쇄중’, ‘in press’으로 기입
28
30. ▣ 신문
내주 (박종필, 2000)
참고문헌 박종필 (2000년 9월 29일). 겉치레 축사는 국력낭비. 주간조선신문, p. 7.
내주 (“New drug,”1993)
참고문헌
New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July
15). The Washington Post, pp. A12, A15.
29
31. ▣ 전자저널
내주 (“유전, 요즘은,” 2005)
참고문헌
유전, 요즘은 인공위성으로 찾는다. 주간조선. 2005년 6월 25일 검색,
http://weekly.chosun.com/wdata/html/news/200506/2005061600011
내주 (Trier, 2007)
참고문헌
Trier, J. (2007). “Cool” engagements with YouTube: Part 2. Journal of
Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 50(7), 598-603. doi: 10.1598/JAAL.50.7.8
30
*디지털 콘텐츠 식별자[Digital Object Indenfier(DOI)]가 있는 경우, 수록면수 다음에 기재
* DOI가 없는 경우, 수록면수 다음에 ‘Retrieved from http://xxxxx’ 기재
32. ▣ 온라인 신문
내주 (김대중, 2005)
참고문헌
김대중 (2005년 2월 10일). 가해자와 피해자. 조선일보. 2005년 6월 18일 검색,
http://www.choseun.com/editorials/news/2000502/200502100173.html
내주 (Brody, 2007)
참고문헌
Brody, J. E. (2007, December 11). Mental reserves keep brain agile. The New
York times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
31
* 주소가 변동할 수 있는 온라인 자료는 Retrieved Month Date, Year, from http://xxxxx
33. ▣ 전자책
내주 (Stoker, 2000)
참고문헌
Stoker, B. (2000). Dracula [Kindle HDX version]. Retrieved from
http://www.overdrive.com/
내주 (Rodriguez-Garcia, 2005)
참고문헌
Rodriguez-Garcia, R., & White, E.M. (2005). Self-assessment in managing for
results: Conducting self-assessment for development practitioners.
doi:10.1596/9780-82136148-1
32
34. 내주 (도서관 및 독서진흥법, 1999)
참고문헌 도서관 및 독서진흥법, 법률 제5657호 (1999).
내주 (Mental Health Systems Act, 1988)
참고문헌 Mental Health Systems Act, 42 U.S.C.§9401 (1988).
▣ 기타 특수자료
내주 (특허출원 제97-37124, 1997)
참고문헌 이천수 (1997). 특허출원 제97-37124. 서울: 특허청.
내주 (U.S. Patent No. 123.445, 1988)
참고문헌
Smith, I. M. (1988). U.S. Patent No. 123.445. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.
특허
법률
33
35. ▣ 재인용
내주 西村緣也은 朝鮮敎育大觀에서 ...을 제시하였다(김남석, 1991에서 재인용).
참고문헌 김남석 (1991). 일제하 공공도서관의 사회교육활동. 大邱: 계명대학교출판부.
내주 Jevons's study (as cited in Pareto, 1971, pp. 17-18)
참고문헌
Pareto, V. (1971). Manual of Political Economy (A. S. Schwier, Trans.). New
York, NY: Augustus M. Kelley. – 재인용한 자료만 기재
34