Antimicrobials Resistance, Antibiotics Handle With Care. A power point presentation on AMR by Pharmacist Mithun Samodder. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health and development threat. WHO has declared that AMR is one of the top 10 global public health threats facing humanity. AMR is a complex problem that requires a united multisectoral approach. The One Health approach brings together multiple sectors and stakeholders engaged in human, terrestrial and aquatic animal and plant health, food and feed production and the environment to communicate and work together in the design and implementation of programmes, policies, legislation and research to attain better public health outcomes.

1. Antibiotics, Handle With Care.
Mithun Samodder
Lead Pharmacist
linkedin.com/in/samodder
misamodder.blogspot.com

2. Antibiotics
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial
substance active against bacteria. It is the
most important type of antibacterial agent
for fighting bacterial infections, and
antibiotic medications are widely used in
the treatment and prevention of such
infections. They may either kill or inhibit
the growth of bacteria.

3. Uses of Antibiotics
Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent some
types of bacterial infection. They work by killing
bacteria or preventing them from spreading. But
they do not work for everything.
Many mild bacterial infections get better on their
own without using antibiotics.
Antibiotics do not work for viral infections such
as colds and flu, and most coughs and sore
throats.

4. Antimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when
bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change
over time and no longer respond to medicines
making infections harder to treat and increasing
the risk of disease spread, severe illness and
death.
As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and
other antimicrobial medicines become ineffective
and infections become increasingly difficult or
impossible to treat.

5. Antimicrobial Resistance

6. Facts Responsible for AMR
• Over-prescription of antibiotics
• Patients not finishing the entire antibiotic course
• Overuse of antibiotics in livestock and fish farming
• Poor infection control in health care settings
• Poor hygiene and sanitation
• Absence of new antibiotics being discovered

7. Facts Responsible for AMR

8. Impacts of AMR
Antibiotic resistance is a public health concern
around the world. The number of bacteria that are
resistant to antibiotics is increasing. Antibiotic
resistance results in a decreased ability to treat
infections and illnesses in people, animals and
plants. This can lead to the following problems:
• increased human illness, suffering and death,
• increased cost and length of treatments, and
• increased side effects from the use of multiple
and more powerful medications.

9. Steps to Stop AMR
AMR is a serious global public health issue that needs to be
addressed immediately and everyone has a role to play. For steps
that individuals, policymakers, healthcare workers can take:
• Only use antibiotics when prescribed by a certified health
professional.
• Never share or use leftover antibiotics.
• Prevent infections by regularly washing hands, preparing food
hygienically, avoiding close contact with sick people, practicing
safer sex, and keeping vaccinations up to date.
• Ensure a robust national action plan.
• Improve surveillance of antibiotic-resistant infections.
• Regulate and promote the appropriate use and disposal of
quality medicines.
• Make information available on the impact of antibiotic resistance.

10. Steps to Stop AMR
• Prevent infections by ensuring your hands, instruments, and
environment are clean.
• Only prescribe and dispense antibiotics when they are needed.
• Report antibiotic-resistant infections.
• Talk to your patients about how to take antibiotics correctly,
antibiotic resistance and the dangers of misuse.
• Talk to your patients about preventing infections.
• Only give antibiotics to animals under veterinary supervision.
• Not use antibiotics for growth promotion or to prevent diseases in
healthy animals.
• Vaccinate animals to reduce the need for antibiotics.

11. Conclusion
The world urgently needs to change the way it
prescribes and uses antibiotics. Even if new
medicines are developed, without behavior
change, antibiotic resistance will remain a
major threat.

12. Thanks
Mithun Samodder