AngularJS Beginner Day One

Beginning AngularJS
25 & 26 July 2015, Cowork South Bay
day one

Troy Miles
Over 35 years of programming experience
Blog: http://therockncoder.blogspot.com/
Twitter: @therockncoder
Email: rockncoder@gmail.com
GitHub: https://github.com/Rockncoder

Agenda Day One
AngularJS
Tools
To Do App
Testing
Animation
Services/Modules
Controller As
Filters

Agenda Day Two
Deployment
Providers
Contacts App
$http & Promises
$resource
Testing ajax calls
Firebase
Custom Directives
Wrap-up

Lab #1 - Setup Check
In the labs directory
Launch the hello.html web page
You should see a greeting displayed

Lab Solution
Browser expect web applications to be delivered via a
web server
While most browser will allow a web page to run from a
ﬁle, most won’t allow it to access other ﬁles
If your machine is setup correctly, you will see a
greeting

Lab #2 - jQuery Binding
From the labs folder open the binding.html ﬁle
Write JavaScript to transfer the text contents of the input tag
with the id of ﬁrstName, to the span with the id of showName
The code should be interactive and update as the user types
Write you code in the empty script tag near the end of the
page
jQuery is already included on the page

jQuery Example
<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<head lang="en"> 
<meta charset="UTF-8"> 
<title>Binding</title> 
<script src="../lib/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> 
</head> 
<body> 
<label for="firstName">Enter Your Name:</label> 
<input type="text" id="firstName"/> 
<h2>Display Your Name Below</h2> 
<label for="showName">Show Your Name:</label> 
<span id="showName"></span> 
 
<script> 
$( document ).ready( function(){ 
$('#firstName').on("keyup", function(){ 
$('#showName').text(this.value); 
}); 
}); 
</script> 
</body> 
</html>

What’s Wrong with jQuery
jQuery is a very popular library
It is used on 50% of all web sites
It is a library not a framework
It is difﬁcult code to test
It can lead to the creation of spaghetti code

Strict Mode
Strict mode allows you to opt in to a more restrictive
version of JavaScript
Things usually permitted in JS become errors
Can be applied to an entire script or individual
functions
Strict mode is a JavaScript best practice

Invoking Strict Mode
Before any other statements place the following
statement
"use strict"; or 'use strict’;
Works on both the script and function level
Be careful of mixing strict and non-strict mode ﬁles

Why Use a Framework?
Leverage the work of others
More thoroughly tested
Features not plumbing
Documentation

JavaScript MV* Frameworks
Backbone.js
Knockout
EmberJS
Other frameworks & ToDoMVC

Backbone.js
Created by Jeremy Ashkenas
in 2010
19 kb production version
(minimized, not gzipped)
One dependency -
Underscore.js, optional jQuery
Three core concepts: models,
collections, & views
Uses lots of custom events

Knockout
Created by Steve Sanderson in
2010
Uses MVVM pattern
Two way data-binding
No dependencies
Supports all mainstream
browsers

Ember
Created by Yehuda Katz and
Tom Dale in 2011
Convention over conﬁguration
Ember Data, a separate
package, handles RESTful data
Handlebars.js, a separate
package, handles templates

AngularJS
Created by Miško Hevery and
Adam Abrons in 2009
JavaScript MVC
Declarative programming for
UI
Imperative programming for
business logic

AngularJS Key Features
Two Way Data-binding
Model View Controller
Dependency Injection
Deep Linking
HTML Templates
Directives
Testability

Two Way Data-binding
In AngularJS, binding is built into the framework
Replaces text content of HTML element with the value
of the expression
{{ expression }}
<ANY ng-bind=“expression”>…</ANY>
<ANY class=“ng-bind: expression;”>…</ANY>

Model View Controller
Uses MVC or MVVM or MV* depends on who you ask
The goal is clear separation of concerns
The model is only concerned with data
The view presents the data to the user
The controller applies the business logic

Dependency Injection
A software design pattern that implements inversion of
control and allows a program design to follow the
dependency inversion principle
Allows a dependency to be passed to an object
Allows code to clearly state dependencies
Leads to code which is easier to debug and test
Makes it possible to minimize apps without breaking them

Deep Linking
One feature that web sites have over desktop apps are
bookmarks
Deep linking allows AngularJS to restore state based
on a URL
Application can use hyperlinks to navigate users
around

HTML Templates
There are a lot of templating libraries
AngularJS instead uses HTML for its templates
AngularJS templates can pass HTML validators
Designers will feel at home
Easy to learn

Testability
AngularJS was engineered with testing in mind
It supports both unit and integration tests
For unit tests it works well with Jasmine
Karma is the test runner

AngularJS Example
<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html ng-app> 
<head lang="en"> 
<title>NG-Binding</title> 
<script src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> 
</head> 
<body> 
<label>Enter Your Name:</label> 
<input type="text" ng-model="firstName"/> 
<h2>Display Your Name Below</h2> 
<label>Show Your Name:</label> 
<span>{{firstName}}</span> 
 
<script> 
</script> 
</body> 
</html>

ng-model
Binds an input, select, textarea to a property on the
$scope
Provides validation behavior
Sets related CSS classes on the element

Lab #3 - Greet-o-matic
Open the greet-o-matic.html ﬁle
Make the page functional
The user should be able to enter their name in either
input tag and have it reﬂect in the other and in the span
tag
You shouldn’t need to write any JavaScript

Greet-o-matic Solution
<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html ng-app> 
<head lang="en"> 
<title>Greet-o-matic</title> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.css"/> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../libs/angular.js"></script> 
</head> 
<body> 
<div class="container" > 
<h1>Greet-o-matic</h1> 
<div class="col-lg-6"> 
<input type="text" ng-model="userName" placeholder="Enter name here"/> 
</div> 
<div class="col-lg-6"> 
<input type="text" ng-model="userName" placeholder="or over here"/> 
</div> 
<hr/> 
<p>Hello <span>{{userName}}</span>,<br/>Have a nice day!</p> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

AngularJS Components
Module
Views/Controllers
Services
Directives

Module
A container for parts of your app
Allows ﬂexibility
Unit test only need to load relevant modules

View/Controller
View
Standard HTML with angular directives and ﬁlters
Controller
Sets up the initial state of the view via $scope
Adds behavior to the view via $scope

Services
“Substitutable objects that are wired together using
dependency injection (DI)”
Used to share code across an app
Lazily instantiated
Singletons

Directives
Possibly the best thing in AngularJS
Directives extend the capabilities of HTML
Merge the declarative nature of HTML to the imperative
nature of JavaScript

AngularJS Directives
ng-app
ng-controller
ng-model
ng-bind
ng-repeat
ng-if
ng-switch
ng-include
ng-view
ng-src / ng-href

ng-bind vs ng-model
ng-bind is one way data binding, aka output
ng-bind renders a property on scope
ng-bind has a shortcut {{}}
ng-bind is preferred over shortcut
ng-model is for two-way data binding
ng-model is intended for form elements
<input ng-model='userName' />

Name Mangling
There are basic incompatibilities between names used in
HTML and those in JavaScript
HTML permits dashes and colons, JavaScript does not
To convert to JavaScript
delete any initial x-, data-
First letters after are capitalized
delete dashes, underscores, and colons

Name Mangling
So all of the following attributes equal timePicker:
data-time-picker
x:time-picker
time_picker

$scope
An object which refers to the application model
The glue between the controller and the view
The execution context for expressions
Provides APIs
$watch - observes model
$apply - propagates model changes to AngularJS

Code Along #1- Todo App
A Todo app is the hello world app of JavaScript MVC
frameworks
It shows how to create an app which creates, reads,
updates, and deletes data (CRUD)
Let’s build one together

Code Along - Todo App Steps
add ng-app with module
name ‘ToDo’
create angular module
create todo controller
create todos array
create add method
create delete method
create complete method
add markup
add functionality to
methods
clear text box

Jasmine
Latest version 2.2, but we will be using 2.0.2
The default unit tester for AngularJS
Others will also work
Behavior Driven Development (BDD) approach

Describe - test suite
Describe is a global jasmine function
Two params
string - name of the test suite
function - implementation of the suite
Can be nested

it - specs
it is a global jasmine function
Looks like describe
A spec contains one or more expectations
If all expectations true, it is a passing spec
If any expectation fails, it is a failing spec

Expectations
Expect function
One param
The actual
Chained to a Matcher function

Matchers
Take the output of the expect function and compare it
to something
Implement a boolean compare between actual value
and expected
Reports to Jasmine if the expectation is true or false
Any matcher can be negated with a not before it

Some matchers
toBe - compares using ===
toEqual - works for literal variables and objects
toMatch - for regular expressions
toBeDefined - compares against 'undefined'
toBeUndefined - also compares against ‘undefined'

Some matchers (CONTINUE)
toBeNull - compares against null
toBeTruthy - truthy boolean casting
toBeFalsy - falsy boolean casting
toContain - ﬁnds an item in array

Some matchers (CONTINUE)
toBeLessThan
toBeGreaterThan
toBeCloseTo - precision math comparison
toThrow - should throw an exception

beforeEach / afterEach
Are setup and teardown functions
called before and after each spec it
this
beforeEach, it, and afterEach share the same this
it is cleared before call spec call
any beforeEach not included in a describe block is executed before any
Jasmine test
can use this to add custom matchers

Disabling suites and specs
prepend an 'x' before describe or it
specs inside a disabled suite are not ran

Unit Testing 3As
Arrange - Set up object to be tested
Act - Act on the object
Assert - Test the state of the object

Code Along #2 - Unit Test
Let’s add a few unit tests to our app.
We will test to make sure we can add tasks

Lab #4 - Delete Task Test
Add a unit test for the delete task
Use what you know already know based on the add
task unit test

Filters
Understanding Filters
A tour of built-in ﬁlters
Building custom Filters
Lab

Understanding Filters
Used to format data displayed to user
Strictly front-end, doesn’t change model data
Accessible using declarative or imperative syntax
{{ expression [| ﬁlter_name[:parameter_value] ... ] }}
$scope.originalText = 'hello'; 
$scope.filteredText = $filter('uppercase')
($scope.originalText);

A tour of built-in ﬁlters
currency
date
json
lowercase
uppercase
number
ﬁlter
limitTo
orderBy

Lab #5 - Uppercase ﬁlter
Modify the ToDo app to show all tasks in uppercase
only

Code Along # 4 - Capitalization
Let’s write a custom ﬁlter which will capitalize the ﬁrst
letter in word of a sentence

Building custom ﬁlters
tempApp.filter('minimum', [function () { 
return function (arrTemp, minimum) { 
var filteredArray = []; 
var min = minimum ? minimum : 15; 
angular.forEach(arrTemp, function (value, key) { 
if (value.temp >= min) filteredArray.push(value); 
}); 
return filteredArray; 
}; 
}]);

Animation
ngAnimate module provides CSS and JS based
animation
Some directives are animation aware

Local Storage
Current we have no way to persist the ToDo tasks
Tomorrow we will learn about Firebase, but to do we
will use the local storage library

Summary
Quick History + Big Picture
ToDo App
Jasmine
Filters
Animation

Tomorrow
Providers
Firebase
Contacts App
Form Validation
Custom Directives
Angular 2.0

AngularJS Beginner Day One

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