Anesthesia
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•234 views
Chloroform was a popular anesthetic from the mid-1800s to around 1910 but was found to cause death in about one in 3,000 patients due to heart paralysis. Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, was discovered as an anesthetic during a tooth removal in the 1800s. During World War I, the first anesthetic gas machines that produced nitrous oxide and oxygen mixtures were introduced by James Taylor Gwathmey and Geoffrey Marshall. Later, a portable machine was created by Edmund Boyle, which became more popular for its portability during the war. Early 1900s surgeons Harvey Cushing and George Crile contributed to anesthesia safety by promoting blood pressure monitoring during operations.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Anesthesia ,[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/anesthesia-110314001606-phpapp01/85/Anesthesia-1-320.jpg)
![Nitrous oxide, more commonly known as laughing gas, was first discovered during the removal of a tooth in the 1800’s,[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Anesthesia
Chloroform was a popular anesthetic from the mid-1800s to around 1910 but was found to cause death in about one in 3,000 patients due to heart paralysis. It also depresses many organs including blood vessels, liver, pancreas, and kidneys. Nitrous oxide was discovered as an anesthetic in the 1800s when used during a tooth removal. The first machines to produce nitrous oxide and oxygen mixtures were introduced during World War 1, although a more portable machine was later developed. In the early 1900s, surgeons Cushing and Crile contributed to anesthesia safety by promoting blood pressure monitoring during operations.
War therapy
Therapeutics In War discusses injuries from explosions and their treatment. Explosions can cause primary injuries from blast waves, secondary injuries from objects accelerated by the blast, and tertiary injuries from victim movement. Primary lung injuries include contusions and barotrauma like pneumothorax. Lung damage impairs gas exchange and patients often require ventilation. Gastrointestinal injuries were once thought as common as lung injuries but recent studies found them only in massive trauma. Brain and heart injuries are also possible but difficult to distinguish from impact injuries. Initial medical care focuses on ABCs, controlling hemorrhage, and rapid evacuation.
Blast lung
Blast lung injury (BLI) is caused by the blast wave from high explosive detonations damaging the lungs. BLI can cause respiratory difficulty and hypoxia without obvious chest injuries. It is diagnosed clinically and may show a characteristic "butterfly" pattern on chest x-rays. Management of BLI involves supplemental oxygen, treatment of hemopneumothorax if present, and careful fluid management to avoid volume overload similar to pulmonary contusion. Outcomes of BLI can vary but many patients have normal exams and lung function after one year.
Respiratory System Jewett
The document discusses the respiratory system and gas exchange in mammals. It describes how inspiration and expiration are achieved through the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are tiny air sacs surrounded by a dense network of capillaries, allowing for the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out. The thin walls of the alveoli and close proximity of blood vessels maximize the surface area for efficient gas exchange.
Past, present and future of anesthesia
1) Anesthesia has come a long way from the days when surgery was performed without pain relief. Various crude methods were used to relieve pain before the discovery of modern anesthesia in the 1840s.
2) Key milestones in anesthesia history include the first use of ether in 1846, the introduction of injectable cocaine and local anesthesia in 1884, and the development of muscle relaxants and modern inhalational agents.
3) Anesthesia continues to advance with new drugs, monitoring techniques, and the increasing role of technology including automated drug delivery systems and one day possibly robotic anesthesia administration. The future may see further developments in areas like artificial intelligence, personalized medicine, and remote anesthesia delivery via telemedicine.
voando sobre um ninho de cucos (1975)
Egaz Moniz, a Portuguese neurologist and psychiatrist, performed the first leucotomies in 1935, for which he received the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Walter Freeman, an American neurologist, improved the lobotomy technique using ice picks and went on "lobotouring" across the US, performing around 3,500 lobotomies between 1936-1967. Lobotomies were once a common treatment for mental illnesses but have since been largely replaced by psychotropic drugs and other therapies.
anesthesia history
William Morton performed the first public demonstration of anesthesia on October 16, 1846, administering diethyl ether to patient Edward Abbott before neck surgery. Prior to this, various substances like alcohol, mandrake, and opioids soaked in sponges had been used throughout history in attempts to relieve surgical pain, but it was not until Morton's demonstration that inhalation of ether became widely accepted and practiced. This marked the beginning of modern anesthesia as a medical specialty. In subsequent decades, other inhaled anesthetic agents like nitrous oxide and chloroform were introduced and refined by pioneering anesthesiologists including John Snow, Joseph Clover, and Frederick Hewitt.
Bohomolets anaesthesiology basic
This document provides an overview of the topic "Anaesthesiology: Basic Aspects" for a study guide. It covers the history and evolution of anaesthesiology from ancient practices using plant-derived drugs, to the development of modern inhalation, intravenous and local anaesthetics. Key events and discoveries discussed include the first use of ether, chloroform and nitrous oxide, the isolation of cocaine and development of local anaesthesia, and the synthesis of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other intravenous agents. The document also briefly outlines neuromuscular blocking agents and their role in facilitating modern surgery.
Recommended
Anesthesia
Chloroform was a popular anesthetic from the mid-1800s to around 1910 but was found to cause death in about one in 3,000 patients due to heart paralysis. It also depresses many organs including blood vessels, liver, pancreas, and kidneys. Nitrous oxide was discovered as an anesthetic in the 1800s when used during a tooth removal. The first machines to produce nitrous oxide and oxygen mixtures were introduced during World War 1, although a more portable machine was later developed. In the early 1900s, surgeons Cushing and Crile contributed to anesthesia safety by promoting blood pressure monitoring during operations.
War therapy
Therapeutics In War discusses injuries from explosions and their treatment. Explosions can cause primary injuries from blast waves, secondary injuries from objects accelerated by the blast, and tertiary injuries from victim movement. Primary lung injuries include contusions and barotrauma like pneumothorax. Lung damage impairs gas exchange and patients often require ventilation. Gastrointestinal injuries were once thought as common as lung injuries but recent studies found them only in massive trauma. Brain and heart injuries are also possible but difficult to distinguish from impact injuries. Initial medical care focuses on ABCs, controlling hemorrhage, and rapid evacuation.
Blast lung
Blast lung injury (BLI) is caused by the blast wave from high explosive detonations damaging the lungs. BLI can cause respiratory difficulty and hypoxia without obvious chest injuries. It is diagnosed clinically and may show a characteristic "butterfly" pattern on chest x-rays. Management of BLI involves supplemental oxygen, treatment of hemopneumothorax if present, and careful fluid management to avoid volume overload similar to pulmonary contusion. Outcomes of BLI can vary but many patients have normal exams and lung function after one year.
Respiratory System Jewett
The document discusses the respiratory system and gas exchange in mammals. It describes how inspiration and expiration are achieved through the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are tiny air sacs surrounded by a dense network of capillaries, allowing for the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out. The thin walls of the alveoli and close proximity of blood vessels maximize the surface area for efficient gas exchange.
Past, present and future of anesthesia
1) Anesthesia has come a long way from the days when surgery was performed without pain relief. Various crude methods were used to relieve pain before the discovery of modern anesthesia in the 1840s.
2) Key milestones in anesthesia history include the first use of ether in 1846, the introduction of injectable cocaine and local anesthesia in 1884, and the development of muscle relaxants and modern inhalational agents.
3) Anesthesia continues to advance with new drugs, monitoring techniques, and the increasing role of technology including automated drug delivery systems and one day possibly robotic anesthesia administration. The future may see further developments in areas like artificial intelligence, personalized medicine, and remote anesthesia delivery via telemedicine.
voando sobre um ninho de cucos (1975)
Egaz Moniz, a Portuguese neurologist and psychiatrist, performed the first leucotomies in 1935, for which he received the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Walter Freeman, an American neurologist, improved the lobotomy technique using ice picks and went on "lobotouring" across the US, performing around 3,500 lobotomies between 1936-1967. Lobotomies were once a common treatment for mental illnesses but have since been largely replaced by psychotropic drugs and other therapies.
anesthesia history
William Morton performed the first public demonstration of anesthesia on October 16, 1846, administering diethyl ether to patient Edward Abbott before neck surgery. Prior to this, various substances like alcohol, mandrake, and opioids soaked in sponges had been used throughout history in attempts to relieve surgical pain, but it was not until Morton's demonstration that inhalation of ether became widely accepted and practiced. This marked the beginning of modern anesthesia as a medical specialty. In subsequent decades, other inhaled anesthetic agents like nitrous oxide and chloroform were introduced and refined by pioneering anesthesiologists including John Snow, Joseph Clover, and Frederick Hewitt.
Bohomolets anaesthesiology basic
This document provides an overview of the topic "Anaesthesiology: Basic Aspects" for a study guide. It covers the history and evolution of anaesthesiology from ancient practices using plant-derived drugs, to the development of modern inhalation, intravenous and local anaesthetics. Key events and discoveries discussed include the first use of ether, chloroform and nitrous oxide, the isolation of cocaine and development of local anaesthesia, and the synthesis of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other intravenous agents. The document also briefly outlines neuromuscular blocking agents and their role in facilitating modern surgery.
Intracranial extension of cholesteatoma
This document describes a study of 6 patients with acquired aural cholesteatoma that extended into the intracranial region. The most common pathway for intracranial extension was through the supratubal recess into the middle cranial fossa. Less frequently, extension occurred via the retrofacial air cells into the posterior cranial fossa. Surgical removal of the intracranial cholesteatoma was accomplished through various approaches including translabyrinthine, transcochlear, retrolabyrinthine, and middle cranial fossa. One patient was found to have residual cholesteatoma during reoperation.
November In Biology
Today marks the death of the Austrian zoologist Konrad Lorenz in 1903. He was the founder of modern ethnology (the study of animal behaviour by means of comparative zoological methods). He was known affectionately by his pupils as the "father of the grey geese" which he studied. His ideas revealed how behavioural patterns may be traced to an evolutionary past, and he was also known for his work on the roots of aggression. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine, for developing a unified, evolutionary theory of animal and human behaviour.
Standing on the shoulders of the giants stories of 3 pioneers
This document discusses the pioneering contributions of three cardiac surgeons: Werner Forssmann, Dr. Clarence Walton Lillehei, and Dr. Michael E. DeBakey. It describes Forssmann inserting a catheter into his own heart in 1929, proving catheterization was possible and laying the foundation for modern angiography. It discusses Dr. Lillehei developing the technique of controlled cross-circulation in 1954, allowing the first open-heart surgeries. Finally, it tells the story of Dr. DeBakey diagnosing and undergoing surgery at age 98 for the very aortic dissection he had pioneered the repair for decades earlier. The document honors these surgeons for their courage and innovations that transformed cardiac surgery
Historical developments; Trends n issues; Legal n ethical issues in d field o...
The document summarizes the historical development of cardiology from ancient times to the present. Some of the key milestones included William Harvey's discovery of blood circulation in 1628, the development of the stethoscope in 1819, electrocardiography in the early 1900s, and the creation of the first coronary care unit in 1961. Advances in imaging technologies, cardiac surgery, treatments for arrhythmias and heart failure have dramatically improved outcomes for cardiovascular patients over the decades. Prevention through identification and modification of risk factors is now a major focus of cardiology. The future of the field is expected to include greater use of stem cell therapies, gene therapies and implantable devices.
History of anaesthesia
The document provides a history of anaesthesia from ancient times to the 20th century. It discusses early uses of opium, cannabis, cocaine, and carotid compression for pain relief in ancient civilizations. It then covers key developments like Crawford Long's first use of ether anaesthesia in 1842, Morton's public demonstration of ether anaesthesia at the Ether Dome in 1846, Simpson's introduction of chloroform in 1847, Koller's discovery of cocaine as a local anaesthetic in 1884, and Bier's first spinal anaesthesia in 1898. The 20th century saw advances in airway management and new anaesthetic agents that improved safety and efficacy.
Recent Human Anatomy: Volume 1 by Prasad
Recent Human Anatomy: Regional and Clinical in three volumes is based on the Anatomy syllabus for MBBS-I course in India, as per the recommendation of the Medical Council of India (MCI) and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). It covers the entire range of prescribed topics in General Anatomy, Gross Anatomy, Embryology, Histology, Neuroanatomy, and Clinical Anatomy.
Features
• About 500 MCQs in each volume (with answers) to help prepare for objective tests, including NEET
• Over 500 clear, full-colour illustrations
• Comprehensive treatment of Clinical Anatomy, including clinical importance of Anatomy, clinical methods to examine a patient, and surgical procedures, to prepare students for further clinical studies
• Complete yet concise descriptions in Gross Anatomy with the use of tables
• Presentation of Histology of organs and their Histophysiology with illustrated diagrams
• Histology of tubular organs described from the inner to the outer side, for better comprehension
• An efficient approach to the study of Neuroanatomy, top downwards
WHO APPEARED FIRST IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY: CLINICIANS, ANATOMISTS OR HISTOLOGISTS?...
HISTORICAL REVIEW
Otolaryngology is mainly associated with clinical practice. Despite of this actual evidence, otolaryngology can be considered, from historical point of view as a complex speciality made up of a mixture of several preclinical specialities as anatomy, histology, pathology and physiology. Several scientists who studied these specialities first, became then otolaryngologists and others were known in the medical literature because of their studies in other specialities than otolaryngology. Most of the historical papers were focused on the ear, other regions being neglected. This review presents the forgotten part of otolaryngology, especially its preclinical facts with importance in etiology and pathogenesis of various disease of the ear, nose and throat structures and thus, present work can be considered as a particular overview of „forgotten” otolaryngology.
Key words: otolaryngology, anatomy, histology, pathology
History of Anesthesiology
Carl Koller discovered the local anesthetic properties of cocaine in 1884, allowing for the first procedures using regional anesthesia. Throughout the 19th century, various substances like ether, nitrous oxide, and chloroform were discovered and used to relieve the pain of surgery. John Snow made important advances in anesthetic equipment and monitoring in the 1840s-50s. By the mid-20th century, newer nonflammable inhaled agents replaced ether and cyclopropane.
40 years anniversary of PCI
This document provides a history and timeline of cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI):
- In 1929, Werner Forssmann performed the first human cardiac catheterization on himself in Germany, though it was very painful. He shared the 1956 Nobel Prize for this work.
- In 1958, William Sones performed the first selective coronary angiogram, inadvertently discovering coronary anatomy.
- In 1977, Andreas Gruentzig developed the first functioning balloon catheter and performed the first successful non-operative coronary artery dilation.
- Major advances over the subsequent decades included over-the-wire balloon technology, coronary stenting, drug-eluting stents, and treatment of in-stent rest
Scalp block revisted(169402)
This document reviews the use of "scalp block" during craniotomy procedures. It begins with a brief history, noting that scalp block was originally introduced over a century ago but has undergone a modern revival. The document then reviews the anatomy of scalp innervation, primarily by the trigeminal and cervical nerves. Finally, it discusses the evolution of scalp block techniques, from early uses of local infiltration to more modern targeted nerve blocks of the main scalp nerves. The aim is prolonged postoperative analgesia while decreasing intraoperative anesthetic needs.
History of Anaesthesia - Dr Tanjim Reza
This document provides a history of anesthesia from ancient times to the present day. It discusses early non-drug and drug methods used for pain management during surgeries. Key events included Morton's public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846 in Boston. Later developments included the introduction of chloroform and other inhaled anesthetic agents, as well as advances in equipment and monitoring. The document also describes the development of anesthesia services in Bangladesh, including the establishment of training programs and professional organizations.
History of anaesthesia by Dr.V.Sravani
The document provides a history of anesthesia, covering developments from ancient times through the 20th century. It discusses early non-drug pain management techniques and the discovery of anesthetic agents such as nitrous oxide, ether, and chloroform. Key developments included Morton's public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846, the introduction of tracheal intubation in the late 19th century, advances in ventilation equipment and patient monitoring, and the discovery and use of muscle relaxants and intravenous anesthetics. The history shows how anesthesia evolved from simple restraint to a specialized field utilizing various drugs, equipment, and techniques.
Y11 surgery revision booklet
Surgery in the 19th century saw important advances that reduced mortality rates from pain, infection and bleeding:
1) Anesthesia was developed using ether, nitrous oxide and eventually chloroform, allowing for painless operations.
2) Semmelweis and Lister pioneered antisepsis and aseptic techniques like handwashing and using carbolic acid, reducing post-operative infections.
3) Landsteiner's discovery of blood groups in 1901 and later developments like blood banks during World Wars allowed safe blood transfusions to treat bleeding.
These breakthroughs transformed surgery from a dangerous last resort to a mainstream medical practice.
Progress in neuroanesthesia
This document provides a history of the development of neuroanesthesia. It discusses early discoveries and practices from ancient times through the 19th century. It then summarizes major advances in the 20th century related to anesthetic agents, monitoring, airway management, and techniques to protect the brain during surgery. These include the development of muscle relaxants, inhalational agents, intravenous medications, hypothermia, and methods to prevent increases in intracranial pressure and glucose levels.
A Brief History of Orthopaedics
A Brief history of Orthopaedics over the ages. A brief Who is who of orthopaedics and their contributions
Ophthalmology Eponyms III !
Horner was an ophthalmologist based at the University of Zurich who became a full professor of ophthalmology in 1873. He developed instruments like Horner's hollow chisel for removing foreign bodies from the cornea. Parinaud was a French ophthalmologist and neurologist most noted for his work in neuro-ophthalmology. He described Parinaud's oculoglandular conjunctivitis and Parinaud syndrome. Gass was a Canadian-American ophthalmologist who helped pioneer fluorescein angiography and characterized diseases like macular degeneration. He described the Gass classification of macular holes and prafoveal telangiectasia. Lisch was an
Historic background of ETV pptx
The document summarizes the historical background of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). It describes key early studies in the 1850s suggesting the choroid plexus is the source of cerebrospinal fluid. In the early 20th century, studies blocked ventricles in animals, demonstrating unilateral hydrocephalus. Neuroendoscopy began in the 1910s with early attempts to treat hydrocephalus. Throughout the 20th century, techniques like ventriculoscopy, ventriculostomies, and choroid plexus cauterization were developed. Recent contributions refined ETV by combining it with choroid plexus cauterization.
Anatomy And Physiology
The passage describes the pathway of air from inhalation to exhalation. During inhalation, air is drawn into the nostrils and travels through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. In the alveoli, oxygen from the air diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the alveoli. During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, air is pushed out through the same route in reverse, and is exhaled through the nostrils or mouth.
A Centennial History Of Research On Asthma Pathogenesis
This document provides a historical overview of the major paradigms proposed to explain the pathogenesis of asthma over the past 2,600 years. It begins by discussing early clinical descriptions of asthma symptoms in ancient Chinese textbooks from 2600 BCE. It then summarizes four major paradigms: (1) the bronchoconstrictor paradigm proposed in the early 1900s that asthma involves bronchial narrowing from airway smooth muscle constriction; (2) the nervous system paradigm proposed in the 1600s-1800s that abnormal nervous system function causes bronchial constriction; (3) the allergic paradigm proposed in the early 1900s linking asthma to allergic inflammation; and (4) the inflammatory paradigm emerging in the 1960s
Introduction to Anesthesia for medical students
This document provides an introduction to anesthesia. It defines anesthesia as "no sensation" and discusses the history of anesthesia from the 18th century discoveries of nitrous oxide and ether to the development of modern inhalational and intravenous anesthetic agents in the 20th century. It also summarizes the key events in the history of anesthesia including the first public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846. The document outlines the components and techniques of general anesthesia and discusses different anesthetic agents including inhalational gases, intravenous drugs, and local anesthetics.
More Related Content
Similar to Anesthesia
Intracranial extension of cholesteatoma
This document describes a study of 6 patients with acquired aural cholesteatoma that extended into the intracranial region. The most common pathway for intracranial extension was through the supratubal recess into the middle cranial fossa. Less frequently, extension occurred via the retrofacial air cells into the posterior cranial fossa. Surgical removal of the intracranial cholesteatoma was accomplished through various approaches including translabyrinthine, transcochlear, retrolabyrinthine, and middle cranial fossa. One patient was found to have residual cholesteatoma during reoperation.
November In Biology
Today marks the death of the Austrian zoologist Konrad Lorenz in 1903. He was the founder of modern ethnology (the study of animal behaviour by means of comparative zoological methods). He was known affectionately by his pupils as the "father of the grey geese" which he studied. His ideas revealed how behavioural patterns may be traced to an evolutionary past, and he was also known for his work on the roots of aggression. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine, for developing a unified, evolutionary theory of animal and human behaviour.
Standing on the shoulders of the giants stories of 3 pioneers
This document discusses the pioneering contributions of three cardiac surgeons: Werner Forssmann, Dr. Clarence Walton Lillehei, and Dr. Michael E. DeBakey. It describes Forssmann inserting a catheter into his own heart in 1929, proving catheterization was possible and laying the foundation for modern angiography. It discusses Dr. Lillehei developing the technique of controlled cross-circulation in 1954, allowing the first open-heart surgeries. Finally, it tells the story of Dr. DeBakey diagnosing and undergoing surgery at age 98 for the very aortic dissection he had pioneered the repair for decades earlier. The document honors these surgeons for their courage and innovations that transformed cardiac surgery
Historical developments; Trends n issues; Legal n ethical issues in d field o...
The document summarizes the historical development of cardiology from ancient times to the present. Some of the key milestones included William Harvey's discovery of blood circulation in 1628, the development of the stethoscope in 1819, electrocardiography in the early 1900s, and the creation of the first coronary care unit in 1961. Advances in imaging technologies, cardiac surgery, treatments for arrhythmias and heart failure have dramatically improved outcomes for cardiovascular patients over the decades. Prevention through identification and modification of risk factors is now a major focus of cardiology. The future of the field is expected to include greater use of stem cell therapies, gene therapies and implantable devices.
History of anaesthesia
The document provides a history of anaesthesia from ancient times to the 20th century. It discusses early uses of opium, cannabis, cocaine, and carotid compression for pain relief in ancient civilizations. It then covers key developments like Crawford Long's first use of ether anaesthesia in 1842, Morton's public demonstration of ether anaesthesia at the Ether Dome in 1846, Simpson's introduction of chloroform in 1847, Koller's discovery of cocaine as a local anaesthetic in 1884, and Bier's first spinal anaesthesia in 1898. The 20th century saw advances in airway management and new anaesthetic agents that improved safety and efficacy.
Recent Human Anatomy: Volume 1 by Prasad
Recent Human Anatomy: Regional and Clinical in three volumes is based on the Anatomy syllabus for MBBS-I course in India, as per the recommendation of the Medical Council of India (MCI) and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). It covers the entire range of prescribed topics in General Anatomy, Gross Anatomy, Embryology, Histology, Neuroanatomy, and Clinical Anatomy.
Features
• About 500 MCQs in each volume (with answers) to help prepare for objective tests, including NEET
• Over 500 clear, full-colour illustrations
• Comprehensive treatment of Clinical Anatomy, including clinical importance of Anatomy, clinical methods to examine a patient, and surgical procedures, to prepare students for further clinical studies
• Complete yet concise descriptions in Gross Anatomy with the use of tables
• Presentation of Histology of organs and their Histophysiology with illustrated diagrams
• Histology of tubular organs described from the inner to the outer side, for better comprehension
• An efficient approach to the study of Neuroanatomy, top downwards
WHO APPEARED FIRST IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY: CLINICIANS, ANATOMISTS OR HISTOLOGISTS?...
HISTORICAL REVIEW
Otolaryngology is mainly associated with clinical practice. Despite of this actual evidence, otolaryngology can be considered, from historical point of view as a complex speciality made up of a mixture of several preclinical specialities as anatomy, histology, pathology and physiology. Several scientists who studied these specialities first, became then otolaryngologists and others were known in the medical literature because of their studies in other specialities than otolaryngology. Most of the historical papers were focused on the ear, other regions being neglected. This review presents the forgotten part of otolaryngology, especially its preclinical facts with importance in etiology and pathogenesis of various disease of the ear, nose and throat structures and thus, present work can be considered as a particular overview of „forgotten” otolaryngology.
Key words: otolaryngology, anatomy, histology, pathology
History of Anesthesiology
Carl Koller discovered the local anesthetic properties of cocaine in 1884, allowing for the first procedures using regional anesthesia. Throughout the 19th century, various substances like ether, nitrous oxide, and chloroform were discovered and used to relieve the pain of surgery. John Snow made important advances in anesthetic equipment and monitoring in the 1840s-50s. By the mid-20th century, newer nonflammable inhaled agents replaced ether and cyclopropane.
40 years anniversary of PCI
This document provides a history and timeline of cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI):
- In 1929, Werner Forssmann performed the first human cardiac catheterization on himself in Germany, though it was very painful. He shared the 1956 Nobel Prize for this work.
- In 1958, William Sones performed the first selective coronary angiogram, inadvertently discovering coronary anatomy.
- In 1977, Andreas Gruentzig developed the first functioning balloon catheter and performed the first successful non-operative coronary artery dilation.
- Major advances over the subsequent decades included over-the-wire balloon technology, coronary stenting, drug-eluting stents, and treatment of in-stent rest
Scalp block revisted(169402)
This document reviews the use of "scalp block" during craniotomy procedures. It begins with a brief history, noting that scalp block was originally introduced over a century ago but has undergone a modern revival. The document then reviews the anatomy of scalp innervation, primarily by the trigeminal and cervical nerves. Finally, it discusses the evolution of scalp block techniques, from early uses of local infiltration to more modern targeted nerve blocks of the main scalp nerves. The aim is prolonged postoperative analgesia while decreasing intraoperative anesthetic needs.
History of Anaesthesia - Dr Tanjim Reza
This document provides a history of anesthesia from ancient times to the present day. It discusses early non-drug and drug methods used for pain management during surgeries. Key events included Morton's public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846 in Boston. Later developments included the introduction of chloroform and other inhaled anesthetic agents, as well as advances in equipment and monitoring. The document also describes the development of anesthesia services in Bangladesh, including the establishment of training programs and professional organizations.
History of anaesthesia by Dr.V.Sravani
The document provides a history of anesthesia, covering developments from ancient times through the 20th century. It discusses early non-drug pain management techniques and the discovery of anesthetic agents such as nitrous oxide, ether, and chloroform. Key developments included Morton's public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846, the introduction of tracheal intubation in the late 19th century, advances in ventilation equipment and patient monitoring, and the discovery and use of muscle relaxants and intravenous anesthetics. The history shows how anesthesia evolved from simple restraint to a specialized field utilizing various drugs, equipment, and techniques.
Y11 surgery revision booklet
Surgery in the 19th century saw important advances that reduced mortality rates from pain, infection and bleeding:
1) Anesthesia was developed using ether, nitrous oxide and eventually chloroform, allowing for painless operations.
2) Semmelweis and Lister pioneered antisepsis and aseptic techniques like handwashing and using carbolic acid, reducing post-operative infections.
3) Landsteiner's discovery of blood groups in 1901 and later developments like blood banks during World Wars allowed safe blood transfusions to treat bleeding.
These breakthroughs transformed surgery from a dangerous last resort to a mainstream medical practice.
Progress in neuroanesthesia
This document provides a history of the development of neuroanesthesia. It discusses early discoveries and practices from ancient times through the 19th century. It then summarizes major advances in the 20th century related to anesthetic agents, monitoring, airway management, and techniques to protect the brain during surgery. These include the development of muscle relaxants, inhalational agents, intravenous medications, hypothermia, and methods to prevent increases in intracranial pressure and glucose levels.
A Brief History of Orthopaedics
A Brief history of Orthopaedics over the ages. A brief Who is who of orthopaedics and their contributions
Ophthalmology Eponyms III !
Horner was an ophthalmologist based at the University of Zurich who became a full professor of ophthalmology in 1873. He developed instruments like Horner's hollow chisel for removing foreign bodies from the cornea. Parinaud was a French ophthalmologist and neurologist most noted for his work in neuro-ophthalmology. He described Parinaud's oculoglandular conjunctivitis and Parinaud syndrome. Gass was a Canadian-American ophthalmologist who helped pioneer fluorescein angiography and characterized diseases like macular degeneration. He described the Gass classification of macular holes and prafoveal telangiectasia. Lisch was an
Historic background of ETV pptx
The document summarizes the historical background of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). It describes key early studies in the 1850s suggesting the choroid plexus is the source of cerebrospinal fluid. In the early 20th century, studies blocked ventricles in animals, demonstrating unilateral hydrocephalus. Neuroendoscopy began in the 1910s with early attempts to treat hydrocephalus. Throughout the 20th century, techniques like ventriculoscopy, ventriculostomies, and choroid plexus cauterization were developed. Recent contributions refined ETV by combining it with choroid plexus cauterization.
Anatomy And Physiology
The passage describes the pathway of air from inhalation to exhalation. During inhalation, air is drawn into the nostrils and travels through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. In the alveoli, oxygen from the air diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the alveoli. During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, air is pushed out through the same route in reverse, and is exhaled through the nostrils or mouth.
A Centennial History Of Research On Asthma Pathogenesis
This document provides a historical overview of the major paradigms proposed to explain the pathogenesis of asthma over the past 2,600 years. It begins by discussing early clinical descriptions of asthma symptoms in ancient Chinese textbooks from 2600 BCE. It then summarizes four major paradigms: (1) the bronchoconstrictor paradigm proposed in the early 1900s that asthma involves bronchial narrowing from airway smooth muscle constriction; (2) the nervous system paradigm proposed in the 1600s-1800s that abnormal nervous system function causes bronchial constriction; (3) the allergic paradigm proposed in the early 1900s linking asthma to allergic inflammation; and (4) the inflammatory paradigm emerging in the 1960s
Introduction to Anesthesia for medical students
This document provides an introduction to anesthesia. It defines anesthesia as "no sensation" and discusses the history of anesthesia from the 18th century discoveries of nitrous oxide and ether to the development of modern inhalational and intravenous anesthetic agents in the 20th century. It also summarizes the key events in the history of anesthesia including the first public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1846. The document outlines the components and techniques of general anesthesia and discusses different anesthetic agents including inhalational gases, intravenous drugs, and local anesthetics.
Similar to Anesthesia (20)
Standing on the shoulders of the giants stories of 3 pioneers
Standing on the shoulders of the giants stories of 3 pioneers
Historical developments; Trends n issues; Legal n ethical issues in d field o...
Historical developments; Trends n issues; Legal n ethical issues in d field o...
WHO APPEARED FIRST IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY: CLINICIANS, ANATOMISTS OR HISTOLOGISTS?...
WHO APPEARED FIRST IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY: CLINICIANS, ANATOMISTS OR HISTOLOGISTS?...
A Centennial History Of Research On Asthma Pathogenesis
A Centennial History Of Research On Asthma Pathogenesis
Anesthesia
- 6. "History of the Department of Anesthesia 1900-1918." McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences Home Page Redirect. Web. 28 Feb. 2011. <http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/anaesthesia/history/timeline03.html>.
- 7. "Anesthesia." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 14 Mar. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia>.