Background on the most popular mobile operating system.

1. Android Fundamentals
Henry Osborne

2. What is Android?
• Mobile operating system based on a modified version of
Linux
• Developed by startup, Android, Inc.
• Acquired by Google in 2005
• Code released under the open source Apache License
• Offers a unified approach to application development
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3. Android Versions
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4. Android Versions
Version API Release Date Codename
1.1 1 9 February 2009
1.5 3 30 April 2009 Cupcake
1.6 4 15 September 2009 Donut
2.0/2.1 5 26 October 2009 Éclair
2.2 8 20 May 2010 Froyo
2.3 9 6 December 2010 Gingerbread
3.0/3.1/3.2 11 22 February 2011 Honeycomb
4.0 14 19 October 2011 Ice Cream Sandwich
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5. Android Versions, cont’d
Version API Release Date Codename
4.1/4.2/4.3 14 27 June 2012 Jelly Bean
4.4 19 3 September 2013 KitKat
4.4W 25 June 2014 KitKat (w/ wearable
extensions)
5.0 21 12 November 2014 Lollipop
5.1 9 March 2015 Lollipop
6.0 23 5 October 2015 Marshmallow
7.0 24 22 August 2016 Nougat
8.0 26 21 August 2017 Oreo
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6. Android Versions, cont’d
Version API Release Date Codename
9 28 6 August 2018 Pie
10 29 3 September 2019
11 30 8 September 2020
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7. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 3.0, tablet-only release supporting widescreen
devices
• Key changes are:
– UI optimized for tablets
– 3D desktop with new widgets
– Refined multi-tasking
– New web browser features
– Multi-core processor support
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8. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 4.0 brought all the features of 3.0
to smartphones
• New features include:
– Facial recognition unlock
– Data usage monitoring
– Near Field Communication (NFC)
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9. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 5.0
• New features include:
– Support for 64-bit CPUs
– Material Design
– Guest Logins and multiple user accounts
– OpenGL ES 3.1
– Support for multiple SIM cards
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10. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 6.0
• New features include:
– NOW on Tap
– Native fingerprint reader support
– USB Type-C support
– 4K Display mode for apps
– Experimental Multi-window
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11. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 7.0
• New features include:
– Multitasking and split-screen mode
– Storage manager enhancements
– Quick setting toggles
– Display touch enhancements
– Better setting application
– Inline reply to messages and notifications
without opening applications
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12. Android Versions, cont’d
• Android 10.0
• New features include:
– Support for foldable smartphones with flexible
displays
– Dark mode for eyes comfortability
– Smart reply suggestions for all messaging
apps
– Live caption for media playing on a
smartphone
– Undo app removal
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13. Features of Android
• Storage – uses SQLite
• Connectivity – supports GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-
DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, and WiMAX
• Messaging – SMS and MMS
• Web browser – WebKit with Chrome’s V8 JavaScript
engine
• Media support – H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AAC,
MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP
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14. Features of Android, cont’d
• Hardware support – Accelerometer Sensor, Camera,
Digital Compass, Proximity sensor, and GPS
• Multi-touch
• Multi-tasking
• Flash support – Android 2.3 supports Flash 10.1
• Tethering – Internet connection sharing as a hotspot
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15. Android Architecture
• Linux kernel – contains all the low-level device drivers for the
various hardware components
• Libraries – contain all the code that provides the main features of
an Android OS.
• Android runtime – a set of core libraries that enable app
development using JAVA
• Application framework – Exposes the various capabilities of the
OS to developers so that they can be used in applications
• Applications – applications that ship with the device as well as
downloaded and installed
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17. Devices in the Marketplace
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19. Google Play
• Originally the Google Play Store or Android Market, the
official app store for the Android operating system
• Google Play was launched on March 6, 2012, with the
merger of Android Market, Google Music, and Google
eBookstore
• Applications are available through Google Play either free
of charge or at a cost. They can be downloaded directly to
an Android or Google TV device through the Play
Store mobile app, or by deploying the application to a
device from the Google Play website
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20. Android Fundamentals
Henry Osborne