Anatomy of Circulatory System

1. ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF
ADULT CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM

2. Circulatory system in Human Body is….
The flow OF THE BLOOD through out
the body via :-
1. Arteries- are blood vessels that carry blood away
from the HEART, branch into smaller
arterioles,metarterioles and the capillaries.
The capillaries converge into larger vessels called
venules which merge to form veins
1. Veins carry blood toward the heart.

3. There are two vital organs involved in
processing and the circulating system, are :
1. THE HEART the - systemic circulation
(oxygenated blood)
1. THE LUNGS the - pulmonary circulation
(deoxygenated blood)
continuation

4. Circulation movement

5. What is cannulations?
It is a procedure to puncture the vessels and to
inserted a cannula into :-
 Vein
 Artery
Reasons
 Into the vein-for administration of fluids/meds
 Into the Artery- for repeating blood
samples/haemodynamic monitoring .

6. 1. Cardiac arrest
2. Clinically significant chest pain
3. Clinically significant respiratory distress
4. Depressed levels of consciousness
5. Suffered significant traumatic injury
6. Suffered significant burns
7. Symptoms or signs of shock
8. Seizure or are actively seizing
Indications
for cannulation in Adult Patients

7. Several sites for insertion of a cannula
 The most suitable site, is the superficial veins of
the upper extremities (radial & brachial site)
because they are located just beneath the skin.
 Intra Jugular (Dr only)
 Lower limbs are not advisable ((increased risk
of thrombophlebitis and pulmonary emboli Close
to arteries or deeper lying vessels

8. UPPER EXTREMITIES

9. Criteria of a good vein is:
 • Soft
 • Bouncy
 • Refills when depressed
 • Well supported
 • Visible
 • Straight

10. Location of a suitable vein
 Use the non dominant arm or hand
 away from infected, bruised or thrombosed veins
Avoid lymph node dissection/stasis – risk of
phlebitis or cellulitis.
oedematous or scarred – invisible vein

11. •Review the patients veins.
The dorsum of
the hand
The forearm
Once the cannula is inserted,
release the tourniquet.

12. Preparations
 Introduction and consent
 Patient position and clinical assessment
 Equipment:
 Gloves
 Range of iv cannulas
 Tourniquet
 Dressing to secure cannula
 Cotton wool balls
 Alcohol wipes
 Saline flush and sterile syringe
 Sharps bin & clinical Waste bag

13. Prep the site
Tethering
skin
Wipe with alcohol swab & leave to
dry off

14. Inserting the cannula
30 ° angle
located the ‘best vein’
Insert cannula at 30 degree angle and reduce angle

15. Insert the cannula set into the vein in one assertive
movement.
Attempts x 2 only
when flashback occurs,
advance cannula complete with stylet
into the vein

16. Advance cannula into the vein
Advance the cannula while simultaneously withdrawing the needle
Cannula for adult size- 20 & 22 G
smooth action of separation

17. Please remember !!
 Release of tourniquet
(Once the cannula is inserted, release the tourniquet).
 Remove needle
 Dispose of sharp / needles
 Apply cap to cannula/ Reflux Valve
 Secure cannula
 Flush
 Dispose of clinical waste
 Record findings

18.  2
2.Secured
1.Cap on/
Reflux Valve
3. Flush
with
hepsaline
Cont.

19. A MUST to DOCUMENT
Label on the puncture site
 Date & Time Inserted
Nursing Documentation
- Initiate Intravenous Cannulation Site Monitoring Record
Nursing Report
1. Cannula size
2. Date & time inserted
3. Inserted by ?
07/07/08@0930hr
Size:22G

20. Thank You
For your attention