Integrated pest management is the most effective way to control pests in agriculture. Relying solely on pesticides can cause problems like pesticide residues in the environment that reduce farm produce quality, pests developing resistance, and harm to non-target animals. Using natural pest enemies and choosing pesticides that don't affect them, along with understanding an area's ecology, allows for safer, more cost-effective pest control compared to completely wiping out pests with chemicals.

1. Presented by:Presented by:
KONIAMURYANI, S.Pd.KONIAMURYANI, S.Pd.

2. ESSAYESSAY
AnAn EssayEssay is a form of text type,is a form of text type,
known asknown as Analytical ExpositionAnalytical Exposition,,
a form that relies on arguments,a form that relies on arguments,
so sometimes it is called anso sometimes it is called an
Argument TextArgument Text oror PersuasivePersuasive
TextText

3. Sosial Function / Purpose:
to persuade the reader/listener that something is the
case.
Generic Structure:
 Thesis
 Position: Introduces topic and indicates writer’s position.
 Preview: Outlines the main arguments to be presented.
 Arguments
 Point: restates main arguments outlined in Preview.
 Elaboration: develops and supports each point/ argument.
 Reiteration/Conclusion: restates writer’s position.

4. Lexicogrammatical / Language FeaturesLexicogrammatical / Language Features

5. • Generic Human participant is a word or a
phrase indicating a general agent not
specific, e.g. a man, a woman, a doctor,
etc.
• Generic non-Human agent is like one way,
a method, etc.

6. Simple Present Tense says that something was
true in the past, is true in the present, and will be
true in the future. It is used for :
 general statements of fact.
 habitual or everyday activity.
Example:
- Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
- Most animals kill only for food.
- The world is round.
- I don’t recognize that man.

7. Present perfect tensePresent perfect tense is used to express action thatis used to express action that
has just been completed in present time.has just been completed in present time.
Commonly used to talk about :Commonly used to talk about :
S + have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + ANA

8. Mental Processes:
to state what writer thinks or feels about
the issue
e.g.: realize, feel, appreciate.
Material Processes:
to state what happens
e.g.: has polluted, is polluting, spend,
drive, travel, should be treated.

9.  Relational ProcessRelational Process is a predicative verb whichis a predicative verb which
relates the subject and the object, orrelates the subject and the object, or
complement of the sentence. Relationalcomplement of the sentence. Relational
process are those of “being”.process are those of “being”.
 Example of Relational Process are :Example of Relational Process are :
is, consist of, function as, derive from, to beis, consist of, function as, derive from, to be
classified into, to be identified as, etc.classified into, to be identified as, etc.

10. Examples:
The soup smells good.
This food tastes delicious.
The children feel happy.
The weather became cold.
Other linking verbs are:
Feel, look, smell, sound, appear, taste, seem, become
get, turn, grow (when means become)

11. CONNECTIVES
Ordering and
Evaluating
Firstly, secondly, after, then, finally, furthermore,
ultimately, the most important …., another
important …, most of all …
Contrast
Although, however, whereas, on the other hand,
yet, unlike
Comparison Also, in addition, as well as, neither, similarly
Explaining
Because, since, as, therefore, thus, hence,
consequently, as the result, due to …

12. The underlined words in the sentences signify the use
of Emotive Language.
Emotive language adds strong description to the facts
and so helps the create extremely objective tone of the
text. Emotive language plays a role in persuading the
reader toward the writer’s opinion.
• Cars emit a deadly gas that triggers off asthma.
• Some of these illness are so bad.
• You may find it hard to sleep at night.
• Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
• What a dreadful nightmare they had.
• This can cause serious disease such as diabetes.

13. The Italic words in the sentence signify the use ofThe Italic words in the sentence signify the use of EvaluativeEvaluative
Language.Language.
Evaluative language is used to persuade people (reader) to agreeEvaluative language is used to persuade people (reader) to agree
with other’s (writer’s) opinion.with other’s (writer’s) opinion.
 It’s importantIt’s important to pay attention to his warnings.to pay attention to his warnings.
 There’s no doubtThere’s no doubt that smoking is very dangerous for ourthat smoking is very dangerous for our
health.health.
 I strongly believeI strongly believe that he wants to use you.that he wants to use you.
 It is obviousIt is obvious that English is an international language.that English is an international language.
 It is clearIt is clear that the man is innocent in this case.that the man is innocent in this case.
 It is undeniableIt is undeniable that we live in the nuclear era.that we live in the nuclear era.
 It is unavoidableIt is unavoidable that business is getting more difficultthat business is getting more difficult
now.now.

14. To make conclusion, we can use these
expressions:
In conclusion, …..  From the facts above, ….
Therefore, …….  On this basis, …..
To conclude, …..  We state that ……..
On the whole, ….  We conclude that …
From the statement, …….

15. Example of Analytical ExpositionExample of Analytical Exposition
Integrated pest managementIntegrated pest management
There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture. PesticidesThere is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture. Pesticides
are commonly used, but this may cause many problems. Combiningare commonly used, but this may cause many problems. Combining
different management operations is the most effective way to controldifferent management operations is the most effective way to control
pest.pest.
Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in theFirstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in the
environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce.environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce.
As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. ThisAs well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This
means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be developed.means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be developed.
Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and bees.Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and bees.
This affects the natural balance.This affects the natural balance.
Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be veryAlso aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be very
expensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than the method ofexpensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than the method of
control.control.
Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in pestLastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in pest
control. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Pesticidescontrol. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Pesticides
should be chosen that don’t affect the natural enemies.should be chosen that don’t affect the natural enemies.
Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and moreTherefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more
affective option in agriculture.affective option in agriculture.

16. Generic Structure AnalysisGeneric Structure Analysis
TitleTitle Integrated pest managementIntegrated pest management
thesisthesis PositionPosition
previewpreview
There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture.There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture.
Pesticides are commonly used, but this may cause manyPesticides are commonly used, but this may cause many
problems. Combining different management operations is theproblems. Combining different management operations is the
most effective way to control pest.most effective way to control pest.
argumentargument
11
PointPoint
elaborationelaboration
Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues inFirstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in
the environment.the environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce.This reduces the quality of farm produce.
argumentargument
22
PointPoint
elaborationelaboration
As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides.As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. ThisThis
means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to bemeans that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be
developed.developed.
argumentargument
33
PointPoint
elaborationelaboration
Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish andSome pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and
bees.bees. This affects the natural balance.This affects the natural balance.
argumentargument
44
PointPoint
elaborationelaboration
Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may beAlso aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be
very expensive.very expensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than theSometimes pest damage costs less than the
method of control.method of control.
argumentargument
55
PointPoint
elaborationelaboration
Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot inLastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in
pest control.pest control. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest.Natural enemies can be used to control a pest.
Pesticides should be chosen that don’t affect the naturalPesticides should be chosen that don’t affect the natural
enemies.enemies.
reiteration / conclusionreiteration / conclusion Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and moreTherefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more
affective option in agriculture.affective option in agriculture.

17. Don’t you just love it when you can argueDon’t you just love it when you can argue
with someone and get them to comewith someone and get them to come
around to your way of thinking?around to your way of thinking?
That’s what a persuasive essay is allThat’s what a persuasive essay is all
about!about!
See you later……..See you later……..