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Financial Statement Analysis of OPTCL, BBSRSumanMishra50
This presentation provides a comprehensive and comparative information about the financial status of OPTCL. The presentation provides data regarding comparative statements, trend analysis, ratio analysis and cash flow statement of the company for a period of 6 consecutive years. After analyzing the data recommendations and suggestions are also given.
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THOMAS COOK (INDIA) LTD. USING RATIO ANA...Anirban Chakraborty
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been earning profits or not and also that how much it has used these results in its growth. So, the
company can also manage each of its current assets namely cash management, accounts
receivable management and also its liabilities like creditors, loans, bills payables etc. so that it
can maintain an identical financial ratio for each of its business aspects like solvency ratios,
turnover ratios, profitability ratios etc.
A FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONBIJENDRAMAHATO
MBA(FINANCE)-PROJECT REPORT ON
FINANCILA STATEMENT ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION,
BALANCE SHEET,PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT.
IF SOMEONE IS LOOKING FOR THE IDEA HOW TO MAKE A PROJECT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT ONE CAN GO THROUGH THIS PROJECT.IT WILL HELP THE STUDENTS TO HAVE AN IDEA ABOUT THE PATTERN .
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Title: ratio analysis for period 2010-11 & 2011-12 : case study of ONGC SCOPE:
a) Ratio Analysis: concept, definition, Objectives, merits and demerits;
b) Calculation of solvency ratios: short term & long term;
c) Analysis of last two year 2010-11 & 2011-12;
d) Conclusion.
( included bibliography, literature review , and ONGC balance sheet )
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REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING
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Infosys Limited
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Academic Year: 2018-20
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and
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This report is true to the best of my knowledge and as per the statistical data revealed by OMC annual reports.
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ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THOMAS COOK (INDIA) LTD. USING RATIO ANA...Anirban Chakraborty
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This study gives in detail the analysis of various financial ratios based upon the past as well as
the present performance of Thomas Cook (India) Ltd. expressed in financial data. Based upon
the results from these financial ratios conclusions are driven out that whether the company has
been earning profits or not and also that how much it has used these results in its growth. So, the
company can also manage each of its current assets namely cash management, accounts
receivable management and also its liabilities like creditors, loans, bills payables etc. so that it
can maintain an identical financial ratio for each of its business aspects like solvency ratios,
turnover ratios, profitability ratios etc.
A FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONBIJENDRAMAHATO
MBA(FINANCE)-PROJECT REPORT ON
FINANCILA STATEMENT ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION,
BALANCE SHEET,PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT.
IF SOMEONE IS LOOKING FOR THE IDEA HOW TO MAKE A PROJECT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT ONE CAN GO THROUGH THIS PROJECT.IT WILL HELP THE STUDENTS TO HAVE AN IDEA ABOUT THE PATTERN .
Ratio analysis project on ONGC of year 2010-11 & 2011-12Arjun Negi
Title: ratio analysis for period 2010-11 & 2011-12 : case study of ONGC SCOPE:
a) Ratio Analysis: concept, definition, Objectives, merits and demerits;
b) Calculation of solvency ratios: short term & long term;
c) Analysis of last two year 2010-11 & 2011-12;
d) Conclusion.
( included bibliography, literature review , and ONGC balance sheet )
REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING A FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION...priya bansal
REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING
A FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF B.K. TRADING CO.
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OfIT industries
INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
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TCS
Infosys Limited
HCL Technologies
Wipro Ltd
Tech Mahindra Ltd.
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Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad
Academic Year: 2018-20
A Study of ratios as a Tool of Financial Statement Analysis GK Plastics Bhala...Avinash Labade
If any have Need Project Report please call +919011888598 and i will provide only Word File.
and
Project Cost is Rs 500/- Per Project
Send Me Payment Phone Pay or Google Pay
Financial Statement Analaysis of Odisha Mining Corporation Ltd.Sangam Patra
This is a concise report which reflects last five years performance of Odisha Mining Corporation Ltd. It is helpful to understand various techniques of "Financial Statement Analysis" & its importance in MBA curriculum.
This report is true to the best of my knowledge and as per the statistical data revealed by OMC annual reports.
Financial Statement Analysis With The Help of Ratios (Suyesh Metel Pressing p...Avinash Labade
If any have Need Project Report please call +919011888598 and I will provide only Word File.
and
Project Cost is Rs 500/- Per Project
Send Me Payment Phone Pay or Google Pay
UNIT - III: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS: Analysis and Interpretation of Financial statements
from investor and company point of view- Horizontal Analysis and Vertical Analysis of
Company Financial Statements – Ratios (Conversion of ratios) - Liquidity – Leverage -
Solvency and Profitability ratios -Statement of Changes in Working Capital - Funds from
Operations Funds Flow & Cash Flow statements - Pre packaged Accounting software -
Extensive Business Reports Language (XBRL).
Techniques of Financial Statement Analysis: Introduction, Objectives of financial statement analysis, various techniques of analysis viz Common Size Statements, Comparative Statements, Trend Analysis, Ratio Analysis, Funds Flow Statement & Cash Flow Statement
Financial Statements :Nature, uses and limitations. Analysis and interpretations – meaning, procedure, objectives, and importance. Comparative statement, Common Size Statements and Trend Analysis - practical problems. Comparative financial statements are prepared by arranging financial data of two or more financial years in two side by side column.
Any financial statement that reports and comparison of data of two or more consecutive accounting periods are known as comparative financial statements.
Income statement or profit and loss account.
Adjusting primitives for graph : SHORT REPORT / NOTESSubhajit Sahu
Graph algorithms, like PageRank Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) is an adjacency-list based graph representation that is
Multiply with different modes (map)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector multiply.
2. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector multiply.
Sum with different storage types (reduce)
1. Performance of vector element sum using float vs bfloat16 as the storage type.
Sum with different modes (reduce)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector element sum.
2. Performance of memcpy vs in-place based CUDA based vector element sum.
3. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (memcpy).
4. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
Sum with in-place strategies of CUDA mode (reduce)
1. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
1. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
ON
“ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS”
(Submitted to M.D University Rohtak in Partial fulfillment of requirement for
the awardof degree of Bachelorof Business Administration)
Submitted By:
Mohit
BBAth
semester
Roll no.
PDM College ofEngineering
BAHADURGARH
AFFILIATED TO MAHARSHIY DAYANAND UNIVERSITY
ROHTAK
2. DECLARATION
I, MOHIT, Roll no. BBA th Semester of PDM College of Engineering,
Bahadurgarh, Hereby Declare that the project work entitled
“ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS” is an original work carried out by me and same
has not been submitted by any other university for the award of any other degree. The interim
Report was presented to the supervisor on and pre submission was made on
.
The feasible Suggestions as approved by faculty have been dult incorporated in consultation with
the supervisor.
Countersigned
Signature of Supervisor Signature of candidate
Forwarded by
Director /principal of the Institute
3. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I deeply express my profound gratitude and whole hearted thanks to our beloved P.D.M.
COLLEGE, BAHADURGARH, Which provide necessary facilities and guidance and Endless
encouragement which help me soundly. It is a boon to all of us not only completing our project
but also throughout the course of study under the humanitarian grounds.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude toward MS. Shikha Gupta, Head of Department,
Management studies.
I would also like to express my gratitude towards Ms. Poonam, Assistant Professor,
Department of Management Studies, under whose guidance I undertook this study and also for
extending the advice and direction required to carry on a study and for helping me with the
intricate details of every steps of the way.
It will be worthless if I do not pay my sincere thanks to all staff members of regulatory finance
department for their positive cooperative in completion of my report in significant manner.
(MOHIT)
4. TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO PARTICULARS PAGES
1. Introduction:-
To the Topic
To the Company
2. Objective of the study
3. Research Methodology
4. Analysis and Interpretation
5. Findings of the study
6. Limitations
7. Suggestions
8. Conclusion
9. Bibliography
10. Annexure
6. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Introduction of FinancialAnalysis:-
The focus of financial analysis is on key figure in the financial statements and the significant
relationships that exist between them. The analysis of financial statements is a process of
evaluating relationships between component parts of financial statements to obtain a better
understanding of the firm’s position and performance.
Financial Statements provides financial information in the term of money but they did not give
the information about liquidity and profitability of a business. Financial analysis is classified the
financial statement in that term every person of related business understand the financial position
of a company.
Example:- Current assets items are taken in a separate columns and current liabilities are taken
separately.
“Actually financial statement could not say anything but the financial analysis is the process that
helps to deciding the financial position of a company.”
Meaning of Financial Analysis:-
Financial analysis is the examination of a business from a variety of perspectives in order to fully
understand the greater financial situation and determine how best to strengthen the
business.A financial analysis looks at many aspects of a business from its profitability and
stability to its solvency and liquidity.
Business is mainly concerned with the financial activities. In order to ascertain the financial
status of the business every enterprise prepares certain statements, known as financial statements.
Financial statements are mainly prepared for decision making purposes. But the information as is
provided in the financial statements is not adequately helpful in drawing a meaningful
conclusion. Thus, an effective analysis and interpretation of financial statements is required.
7. Analysis means establishing a meaningful relationship between various items of the two
financial statements with each other in such a way that a conclusion is drawn. By financial
statements we mean two statements :
(i) Profit and loss Account or Income Statement
(ii) Balance Sheetor PositionStatement
These are prepared at the end of a given period of time. They are the indicators of profitability
and financial soundness of the business concern. The term financial analysis is also known as
analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It refers to the establishing meaningful
relationship between various items of the two financial statements i.e. Income statement and
position statement. It determines financial strength and weaknesses of the firm.
Analysis of financial statements is an attempt to assess the efficiency and performance of an
enterprise. Thus, the analysis and interpretation of financial statements is very essential to
measure the efficiency, profitability, financial soundness and future prospects of the business
unit
Financial analysis serves the following purposes :
Measuring the profitability
The main objective of a business is to earn a satisfactory return on the funds invested in
it. Financial analysis helps in ascertaining whether adequate profits are being earned on
the capital invested in the business or not. It also helps in knowing the capacity to pay
the interest and dividend.
8. Indicating the trend of Achievements
Financial statements of the previous years can be compared and the trend regarding
various expenses, purchases, sales, gross profits and net profit etc. can be ascertained.
Value of assets and liabilities can be compared and the future prospects of the
business can be envisaged.
Assessing the growth potential of the business
The trend and other analysis of the business provides sufficient information indicating
the growth potential of the business.
Comparative position in relation to other firms
The purpose of financial statements analysis is to help the management to make a
comparative study of the profitability of various firms engaged in similar businesses.
Such comparison also helps the management to study the position of their firm in respect
of sales, expenses, profitability and utilising capital, etc.
Assess overall financial strength
The purpose of financial analysis is to assess the financial strength of the business.
Analysis also helps in taking decisions, whether funds required for the purchase of new
machines and equipments are provided from internal sources of the business or not if
yes, how much? And also to assess how much funds have been received from external
sources.
Assess solvency of the firm
The different tools of an analysis tell us whether the firm has sufficien funds to meett its
short term and long term liabilities or not.
9. Parties Interested:-
Analysis of financial statements has become very significant due to widespread interest of
various parties in the financial results of a business unit. The various parties interested in the
analysis of financial statements are :
(i) Investors : Shareholders or proprietors of the business are interested in the well being of
the business. They like to know the earning capacity of the business and its prospects of future
growth.
(ii) Management : The management is interested in the financial position and performance
of the enterprise as a whole and of its various divisions. It helps them in preparing budgets and
assessing the performance of various departmental heads.
(iii) Trade unions : They are interested in financial statements for negotiating the wages or
salaries or bonus agreement with the management.
(iv) Lenders : Lenders to the business like debenture holders, suppliers of loans and lease are
interested to know short term as well as long term solvency position of the entity.
(v) Suppliers and trade creditors : The suppliers and other creditors are interested to
know about the solvency of the business i.e. the ability of the company to meet the debts as and
when they fall due.
(vi) Researchers : They are interested in financial statements in undertaking research work in
business affairs and practices.
(vii) Employees : They are interested to know the growth of profit. As a result of which they
can demand better remuneration and congenial working envir.
10. Techniques of financial statement analysis:-
Comparative statement
1.)Comparative balance sheet
2.)Comparative statement of profit and loss
Cash flow analysis
Ratio analysis
Comparitive balance sheet Statements:-
The comparative balance sheet shows the different assets and liabilities of the firm on different
dates to make comparison of balances from one date to another. The comparative balance sheet
has two columns for the data of original balance sheets. A third column is used to show change
(increase/decrease) in figures. The fourth column may be added for giving percentages of
increase or decrease. While interpreting comparative Balance sheet the interpreter is expected to
study the following aspects :
(i) Current financial position and Liquidity position
(ii) Long-term financial position
(iii) Profitability of the concern
For studying current financial position or liquidity position of a concern one should
examine the working capital in both the years Working capital is the excess of current
assets over current liabilities.
For studying the long-term financial position of the concern, on should examine the
changes in fixed assets, long-term liabilities an capital.
11. The next aspect to be studied in a comparative balance sheet is the profitability of the
concern. The study of increase or decrease in profit will help the interpreter to
observe whether the profitability has improved or not.
Comparative statement of profit and loss:-
Profit & Loss A/c shows the net profit and loss of particular year where as comparative profit &
Loss for a number of years provides the following information:-
Rate of increase or decrease in sale.
Rate of increase or decrease in cost of good sold.
Rate of increase or decrease in operating profit.
Rate of increase or decrease in gross profit
Rate of increase or decrease in net profit
.Cashflow Analysis:-
In fund flow statements, we study the working capital and non fund item means that fund not
generate in business activities. But in cash flow , we study on cash only activity that effect cash.
It means cash related entry effects are show by the cash flow statements. We make cash flow on
cash basis for the example, we are purchase on credit, that means we are pass entry in fund flow
statements but er make cash on this entry could not done in cash flow statements, because we are
enter only cash purchase.
12. Three sections of cash flow statements:-
Cash Flowsfrom OperatingActivities
This section shows how much cash comes from sales of the company's goods and
services, less the amount of cash needed to make and sell those goods and services.
Investors tend to prefer companies that produce a net positive cash flow from operating
activities. High growth companies, such as technology firms, tend to show negative cash
flow from operations in their formative years. At the same time, changes in cash flow
from operations typically offer a preview of changes in net future income. Normally it's
a good sign when it goes up. Watch out for a widening gap between a company's
reported earnings and its cash flow from operating activities. If net income is much
higher than cash flow, the company may be speeding or slowing its booking of income
or costs.
Cash Flowsfrom Investing Activities
This section largely reflects the amount of cash the company has spent on capital
expenditures, such as new equipment or anything else that needed to keep the business
going. It also includes acquisitions of other businesses and monetary investments such
as money market funds.
Cash Flow From FinancingActivities
This section describes the goings-on of cash associated with outside financing activities.
Typical sources of cash inflow would be cash raised by selling stock and bonds or by
bank borrowings. Likewise, paying back a bank loan would show up as a use of cash
flow, as would dividend payments and common stock repurchases.
13. Ratio Analysis:-
Ratio Analysis is a form of Financial Statement Analysis that is used to obtain a quick indication
of a firm's financial performance in several key areas. The ratios are categorized as Short-term
Solvency Ratios, Debt Management Ratios, Asset Management Ratios, Profitability Ratios, and
Market Value Ratios.
Ratio Analysis as a tool possesses several important features. The data, which are provided by
financial statements, are readily available. The computation of ratios facilitates the comparison
of firms which differ in size. Ratios can be used to compare a firm's financial performance with
industry averages. In addition, ratios can be used in a form of trend analysis to identify areas
where performance has improved or deteriorated over time.
Because Ratio Analysis is based upon Accounting information, its effectiveness is limited by the
distortions which arise in financial statements due to such things as Historical Cost Accounting
and inflation. Therefore, Ratio Analysis should only be used as a first step in financial analysis,
to obtain a quick indication of a firm's performance and to identify areas which need to be
investigated further.
Type of Approaches of Financial Analysis:-
On the basis of Material used
On the basis of process ofanalysis
14. On the basis of Material used:-
External Analysis
The name itself suggests that this type of analysis is done by the outsiders who do not have
access to the detailed accounting information of the business firm. For this type of analysis
external users like investors, creditors, credit agencies, general public etc. mostly rely on the
published financial statements.
Internal Analysis
This analysis is performed by the executives and employees of the business firm. They have full
access to all internal accounting records of the business concern. They do all these analysis only
for the management of the business enterprises.
On the basis of method of operations followed in the analysis we can again categorize analysis in
to dynamic or horizontal analysis and static or vertical analysis.
15. On the basis of process of analysis:-
Horizontal analysis:-
In this analysis the financial data of the company is compared for several years. A base
year which is normally the beginning year is chosen and the financial data of various
years are compared with the standard or the base year. Dynamic analysis helps the
management and other users to find out the trend of items of financial statements that
have changed significantly during the period. Comparison of an item over several periods
with the base year may show a trend developing. Comparative statements and trend
percentages are two tools used in dynamic analysis.
Horizontal analysis is also known as Dynamic analysis.
Vertical Analysis:-
Static analysis refers to study of relationships of various items in the financial statement
of one financial year only. In static analysis items of financial statement of a year are
compared with the base selected from the same year's statement. Common-size financial
statements and financial ratios are two tools used in static or vertical analysis. As items
for one time period are taken for analysis in static analysis so it is not conducive for
proper analysis of financial statements.
Vertical analysis is also known as Static analysis.
21. About Us:-
Idea Cellular is an Aditya Birla Group Company, India's first truly multinational corporation.
Idea is a pan-India integrated GSM operator offering 2G, 3G and 4G services, and has its own
NLD and ILD operations, and ISP license. Idea is one of the top three mobile operators in
India, with an annual revenue in excess of USD 5 billion and a revenue market share of 19%.
With nearly 200 million subscribers, Idea ranks sixth in the global rankings of operators in
subscriber terms, for single country operations.
In line with the Government’s vision of Digital India, Idea has accelerated its efforts of
building a digital economy. Backed with a pan-India wireless broadband coverage, Idea has
forayed into Digital services with the launch of a suite of digital entertainment apps - Idea
Music Lounge, Idea Movie Club and Idea Game Spark. With this the company has begun its
transformation from a pure play mobile operator to an integrated digital services and solutions
provider. Idea will also expand its digital offerings into digital communication, digital
payments, cloud & storage, digital information and many more. The first half of 2017 will also
see the launch of Aditya Birla Idea Payments Bank.
Idea’s pan-India network covers over 400,000 towns and villages across the country. The
company is further expanding network infrastructure to make high speed mobile broadband
services reach out to over a billion population of the country. Idea executed the fastest 4G roll-
out in the country in 2016 - with one broadband site being installed every ten minutes - taking
the overall tally of Idea sites to nearly 230,000 and a fibre network of over 1.28 lakh kms. By
March ‘17, Idea 4G services will be expanded to 20 circles covering 94% of its revenue
market.
Using the latest in technology, Idea provides world-class service delivery through the most
extensive network of customer touch points, comprising of 8,780 exclusive Idea outlets, call
centre, Digital app and social media. Idea’s commitment to providing superior customer
experience across all touch points has helped it stay at the No. 1 position in Customer
22. Satisfaction Survey, consistently, for the last few years. The leading market research firm
Forrester in its ‘Customer Service Index 2016’ has ranked Idea at No. 1 position in customer
service and rated it as “good” - the only wireless service provider to achieve this feat!
Idea has consistently retained its leadership position in Mobile Number Portability (MNP),
continuing to grow its net gain from MNP to 20 million. 1 in every 4 customers chooses Idea
as a preferred telecom operator.
Idea has received several national and international recognitions for its path-breaking
innovations in mobile telephony products and services. Idea won the prestigious Voice & Data
Telecom Leadership Awards 2016 under the Leadership Recognition category for various
successful initiatives and deployments in the areas of Enterprise Services, Customer Service,
Marketing, Internet & Broadband, Infrastructure Innovation, and VAS. Idea was recognised as
the Best Company of the Year 2015 at India Business Leader Awards by CNBC and is listed
among the Top 25 companies in the Business Today ‘Best Companies to Work For’ Survey.
Idea MD Himanshu Kapania was awarded the Best CEO of the year 2015 by Business Today
and its brand campaign IIN (Idea Internet Campaign) was recognised as the best marketing
campaign in 2016 at The Economic Times Telecom Awards.
Mergerwith Vodafone India:-
On 20 March 2017, Idea and Vodafone India announced that their respective boards had
approved a merger of the two companies. The merger will not include Vodafone's 42% stake in
Indus Towers Ltd. The merger will create the largest telecom company in India by subscribers
and by revenue. Under the terms of the deal, the Vodafone will hold a 45.1% stake in the
combined entity, the Aditya Birla Group will hold 26% and the remaining shares will be held by
the public. The merger is expected to be completed by March 2019, and the newly merged entity
will be named at a later date.[5][6]
23. Operations:-
Idea competes with other major mobile operators
including Airtel, Vodafone, BSNL, RelianceCommunications, Aircel, Telenor and Tata
DoCoMo. While Idea competed very closely with the then smaller operators like Reliance
Communications, BSNL, Tata, Aircel in circa 2006-07, as of 31 Dec 2015, Idea has gone far
ahead of the rest of these competitors clocking a Revenue Market Share of over 18.5% while the
rest remain below 9%. Over the last 3 years, Idea has cornered an incremental Revenue Market
Share of 33% giving tough competition to market leaders Airtel and Vodafone by earning 1/3rd
of the incremental market - way above its fair share of the market.
On 19 May 2010, in the 3G spectrum auction Idea paid ₹57.68 billion (US$900 million) for
spectrum in 11 circles.[7] Idea launched its first 3G services in 2011. As of 31 Mar 2016, Idea
Cellular offers 3G services on its own spectrum in 13 telecom service areas—the latest being
Delhi (NCR) and Kolkata. Idea has now launched its own 4G LTE services in over 350 towns
across 10 telecom service areas including its leadership service areas like Maharashtra, Kerala,
MP&CG, AP&T, Punjab and Haryana. It now provides 4G services in the service areas of
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu covering large metros and mini metros of Chennai and Bengaluru.
Idea strengthened its customer base after the launch of MNP in India. As per information
available in the public domain, Idea leads the net port ins and is ahead of both Airtel and
Vodafone in gaining from Mobile Number Portability
24. Vision &Mission
Our Team:-
Mr. Himanshu Kapania - Managing Director
Himanshu has been the Director with Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited, the
strategic advisory unit of Aditya Birla Group.
A veteran of the Indian telecom industry, Himanshu has greatly contributed to its evolution over
25. two decades. He engineered Idea’s fast-paced growth making it one of the top players and the
fastest-growing mobile operators in India. He also led the company’s foray into the wireless
broadband business, readying it for the next wave of growth.
Himanshu is on the GSMA Board – the international body formulating and driving global GSM
eco-system; and the Chairman of the Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI).
He has been consistently recognized for his leadership skills. He was awarded the Voice & Data
‘Telecom Person of the Year Award’ in 2014 and the ‘Outstanding CEO Award’ by CEO India.
Business Today recognized him as the Best CEO (Telecom Category) in 2013 and 2015 for his
outstanding contribution to the telecom industry.
Himanshu is an alumnus of Birla Institute of Technology (Mesra) and the Indian Institute of
Management, Bangalore.
He is currently focusing on getting Idea ready for potential business with specific emphasis on
3G and 4G services.
Mr. Ambrish Jain - Deputy Managing Director
B.Tech. from IIT Delhi and Post Graduation from Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
with over 34 years of industry experience across Sales, Marketing and P&L Leadership roles.
Joined Idea in October 2001; telecom experience of over 18 yrs.
26. Mr. Akshaya Moondra – Whole Time Director & Chief Financial Officer
CA and Licentiate CS with over 27 years of industry experience. Joined ABG in August 1986 at
Grasim. Worked with ABG in Thailand in Pulp & Fibre, Chemicals and Acrylic Fibre
Businesses from 1989 to June 2008. Joined Idea in July 2008; telecom experience of over 5 yrs.
Mr. Anil K Tandan - Chief Technology Officer
Served in the Indian Army in the Corps of Signals for 30 years before joining the industry. Has
an M.Tech from IIT Kharagpur, Post Graduate in Management from AIMA and has attended the
Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School. Joined Idea in January 2001;
telecom experience of over 14 yrs.
27. Mr. Prakash K Paranjape - Chief Information Technology Officer
Engineering graduate from Pune University with over 33 years of industry experience. Joined
Idea in Sept. 2005; telecom experience of over 17 yrs.
Mr. Navanit Narayan - Chief Service Delivery Officer
Over 25 years experience in key positions at Indian & global organizations like Tata Steel, NSN
and Wipro BPO. Held P&L positions and managed business turnaround & global start-ups. B.Sc.
in Engg. followed by an MS from Northwestern University, USA and MBA from XLRI,
Jamshedpur. Joined Idea in Jan. 2008; telecom experience of over 7 yrs.
28. Mr. Vinay Razdan - Chief Human Resources Officer
Commerce graduate from Delhi University and postgraduate degree in PM&IR from the XLRI,
Jamshedpur with over 25 years of industry experience across organizations like ITC and HCL.
Joined Idea in Jan. 2006; telecom experience of over 7 yrs.
Mr. Rajat Mukarji - Chief Corp Affairs Officer
Graduate from St Stephen’s College, Delhi and Diploma in International Marketing Management
from Delhi with over 29 years of industry experience. Joined Idea in Jan. 1996 ; telecom
experience of over 17 yrs.
29. Mr. Rajesh Srivastava - Chief Commercial Officer
B.Sc.(Hons) from Delhi University & Engineering graduate from Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore with over 38 years of experience across Telecom, FMCG, Hospitality, Manufacturing
and Consulting. Joined Idea in Nov. 2006; telecom experience of over 11 yr.
Mr. P Lakshminarayana - Chief Operating Officer
Over 29 years of experience spanning FMCG and Telecom. Held senior positions
in Sales, Marketing and General Management in organizations like ITC and Pepsi.
Joined Idea in Feb 2004 ; telecom experience of over 9 yrs.
30. Mr. Sashi Shankar - Chief Marketing Officer
Chemical Engineering graduate and Management postgraduate in Marketing from
S.P. Jain Institute of Management Research, Mumbai. Wide experience of 30 years
across Sales, Marketing and P&L roles in FMCG, Durables and Telecom
industries. Joined Idea in Sept. 2001; telecom experience of over 11 yrs.
Mr. Pankaj Kapdeo - General Counsel and Company Secretary
Bachelor’s degree in Commerce and a bachelor’s degree in law and is a qualified Company
Secretary. He has over 25 years of work experience including seven years of experience in
telecom sector.
31. SWOT Analysis
Strength:-
Reputation of brand
Technology innovation used in idea
Advertising & Promotion in idea
High Quality network
Internet sales
Weakness
Complexity of Operations
Absence in rural southern areas due
To presence of existing competitors
like Airtel, jio etc.
Opportunities
Expanding business operations
Value added service
Expand rural reach
New 4G launch
Threats
Fluctuations in foreign currency
Government policies changes time
To time
32. Values:-
Integrity - honesty in every action
Commitment – deliver on the promise
Passion – energized action
Seamlessness – boundary less in letter and spirt
Speed – on step ahead always
Product Of The Company:-
DTH
Idea Post-Paid
Idea Pre-Paid
Idea Internet Datacard
Idea STD booth phone
Idea PCO Coinbox
VoIP – international call cards
VoIP – leased internet line
HDFC Bank – RD/FD Products
33. Promoters:-
Idea Cellular is part of the Aditya Birla Group, India's first truly multinational corporation.
Global in vision, rooted in Indian values, the Group is driven by a performance ethic pegged on
value creation for its multiple stakeholders.
The group operates in 25 countries, and is anchored by over 100,000 employees belonging to 25
nationalities. The Group has been adjudged 'The Best Employer in India and among the Top 20
in Asia' by the Hewitt-Economic Times and Wall Street Journal Study 2007.
A premium conglomerate, the Aditya Birla Group is a leader in swathe of products - viscose
staple fibre, aluminium, cement, copper, carbon black, insulators, garments.
The Group has also made successful forays into financial services, telecom, software, BPO and
retail sectors. Today, the Group is India's most diversified business house.
Our Promoters are:-
Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited
Grasim Industries Limited
Hindalco Industries Limited
Birla TMT Holdings Private Limited
Sustainability:- “Sustainability at Idea Cellular is the holistic pursuit of a
vision to be the most admired telecomcompany that creates long-termvalue
for all stakeholders by balancing economic growthwith environmental and
socialdevelopment”, Idea MD Himanshu Kapania.
34. Idea’s Sustainability journey started a few years ago and we have now achieved a major
milestone with the release of the company’s first Sustainability Report for the year 2016. The
report showcases Idea Cellular’s achievements across the Aditya Birla Group’s three pillars of
Sustainability - Responsible Stewardship, Stakeholder Engagement, and Future Proofing,
outlining a comprehensive roadmap and targets upto FY21. The report is aligned to GRI-G4,
the highest international standards in sustainability reporting. It outlines our journey of
achieving national and international standards of being a responsible business and being
accountable for social and environmental impacts while pursuing high growth.
The report lists achievements in Idea Cellular’s journey to be the leading Indian group for
sustainable business practices:
Over 19% of Idea owned telecom towers are operated by hybrid power, reducing
CO2emissions by 52,000 tons per annum in 2016
Reconfigured sites further reducing CO2 emissions by 62,000 tons
90% of servers are virtualized across data centres, resulting in 1/3rd the power consumption
Zero cases of child labour and zero human rights violations in 2016
One-third of young leaders in Idea are Women
62,572 man-days of training conducted in 2016
100% compliance on EMF norms
CSR activities reached 9 States, 33 districts and 3,250 villages providing support for
education, healthcare and sanitation
#1 position in C-SAT (Customer Satisfaction) scores
Idea Money operations expanded to 2 million customers in its goal towards digital financial
empowerment
37. Partners of Idea Cellular ltd.
Idea welcomes all businesses and individuals interested in partnering with us to enhance and
strengthen the Idea products & services portfolio. .
Some of our partners include:
Altruist Askme Buongiorno
Siddhivinayak Astro Services Ltd. Hungama IMI Mobile Pvt Ltd
Indiagames Ltd Comviva Technologies Ltd Mauj
Mobile2win
Nazara NDTV
One97 Onmobile Global Ltd Realnetworks
39. Objectives:-
To assess the earning capacity or profitability
To analyses the financial statements of the corporation to its true financial position by the use
of ratios.
To know the financial soundness and liquidity of the organization.
To know the financial policies adopted by the management are efficient or not.
To know the financial potential of business, means how much funds have been raised from
external source and internal source.
41. ResearchMethodology:-
Researchin common language refers to a search of knowledge. Research is a scientific and a
systematic search for the information on a specific topic. In fact, research is an act of scientific
investigation. Research methodology is a systematic is a systematic way to solve a research
problem. It may be understood as a science of study, how research is done scientifically. In it we
study the various steps that are generally adopted by researchers in studying these research
problems.
It is necessary for the researcher to know not only the research methods, but also the
methodology. The scope of research methodology is wider than the research methods. The
research process consists of a series of closely related activities; at times the first steps
determines the nature of the last steps to be undertaken. Research is an academic activity and as
such the term should be used in a technical sense In short, the search for knowledge through
objectives and systematic method of finding solution to a problem is research.
Why a research study has been undertaken, how the research problem has been defined, in what
way and why the hypothesis has been formulated, what data how been collected and what
particular methods has been adopted and a host of similar other question are usually answered
when we talk of research methodology concerning a research problem of study. The term
research refers to systematic methods consisting of enunciating the problem, formulating a
hypothesis, collecting the fact or data, analyzing the facts and reaching certain conclusions either
in the form of solution towards the concerned problem in certain generalization for some
theoretical formulation.
Researchmethodology is the arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of data in a
manner that aim to combine relevance to the research purpose with econ9omy in procedure.
Research methodology is the conceptual structure within which research is conducted. It
constitutes the blueprint for the collection measurement and analysis of the data.
Research methodology is a frame work for the study and is used as a guide in collecting and
analyzing the data. It is a strategy specifying which approach will be used for gathering and
42. analyzing the data. It also includes the time and cost budget since most studies are under these
two constraints.
Types of research:-
Descriptivevs. Analytical:-
Descriptive research include surveys and fact finding enquiries of different kinds. The major
purpose of descriptive research is descriptive of the state of affairs as it exists at present. In
analytical research, on the other hand, the researcher has to use facts or information already
available, and analyze these to make a critical evaluation of the material.
Appliedvs. Fundamental:- Applied Research aims at finding a solution for an immediate
problem facing society or an industrial/business organization, where as fundamental research is
mainly concerned with generalization and with the formulation of a theory.
Quantitative vs. qualitative:- Quantitative research is based on the measurement of
quantity or amount. It is applicable to phenomena that can be expressed in terms of quantity.
Qualitative research, on the other hand, is concerned with qualitative phenomenon, that is
phenomena relating to or involving quality or kind.
Conceptual vs. Empirical:- Conceptual research is that related to some abstract idea or
theory. It is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new concept or to reinterpret
existing once on the other hand, empirical research relies on experience or observation alone,
often without due regard for system and theory. It is date based research, coming up with
conclusion which are capable of being verified by observation or experiment.
Methods of data collected:-
Primary Data:- Primary data means original data that has been collected specially for the
purpose in mind. It means someone collected the data from the original source first
hand.Data collected this way is called primary data.
43. Secondarydata:- Secondary data refers to data that was collected by someone other than the
user. Common sources ofsecondary data for social science include censuses, information
collected by government departments, organisational records and data that was originally
collected for other research purposes.
Secondarysources:-
Records and details of the data from company’s balance sheet, profit and loss account. Annexure
schedules and other pertinent details from various sources are secondary sources of my study.
The whole of my study was based on secondary data of Idea Cellular Limited. I have not taken
primary data for my study because primary data would not have been helpful to my study.
During the tenure of my study. I would taken the help of following secondary data.
Profit and loss Account of Idea Cellular Limited.
Balance SheetofIdea Cellular Limited.
Cashflow analysis of Idea Cellular Limited.
Ratio analysis of Idea Cellular Limited.
45. Particulars MAR'17
(₹ Cr.)
MAR'16
(₹ Cr.)
%Change
Gross Sales 35,278.65 35,803.69 -1.47%.47%
Less :Inter divisional transfers 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Less: Sales Returns 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Less: Excise 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Net Sales 35,278.65 35,803.69 -1.47%
EXPENDITURE:
Increase/Decrease in Stock 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Raw Materials Consumed 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Power & Fuel Cost 3,009.10 2,517.66 19.52%.52%
Employee Cost 1,625.64 1,473.52 10.32%32%
Other Manufacturing Expenses 16,334.11 15,857.14 3.01%
General and Administration Expenses 424.26 375.57 12.96%
Selling and Distribution Expenses 3,397.80 3,307.73 2.72%
Miscellaneous Expenses 411.49 359.48 14.47%.47%
Expenses Capitalised 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Total Expenditure 25,202.41 23,891.10 5.49%49%
46. PBIDT (Excl OI) 10,076.24 11,912.59 -15.42%-v.42%
Other Income 244.94 183.72 33.32%3.32%
Operating Profit 10,321.17 12,096.30
-14.67%4.67%
Interest 4,040.16 1,802.22 12 124.18%4.18%
PBDT 6,281.01 10,294.08 -38.98%98%
Depreciation 7,700.02 6,223.23 23.73%
Profit Before Taxation & Exceptional Items -1,419.00 4,070.85
1
-134.8%34.86%
Exceptional Income / Expenses 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Profit Before Tax -1,419.00 4,070.85 -134.8%
Provision for Tax -587.93 1,424.56 -141.27%
PAT -831.08 2,646.29 -131.4%
Extraordinary Items 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Adj to Profit After Tax 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Profit Balance B/F 8,511.05 6,152.27 38.34%8.34%
47. Interpretation:-
The comparative statement given above reveal that there has been an decrease in net sales
by -1.47%.
The other income of the company increased by 33.32% where as other expenditure is
increased by 5.49%. It shows that income is greater than expenditure. So company have
to maintain the same for earning high income.
The net profit before tax is decreased by -134.8% and after tax is
-131.4%.
It is concluded that company have insufficient profit to distribute the dividend.
48. Comparative Balance Sheet for the year ended 31st
Mar,17
Parameter MAR'17
(₹ Cr.)
MAR'16
(₹ Cr.)
%Change
EQUITYAND LIABILITIES
Share Capital 3,605.33 3,600.51 0.13%0.13%
Share Warrants & Outstandings
Total Reserves 19,984.30 21,029.46 -4.97%4.97%
Shareholder's Funds 23,723.76 24,765.20 -4.21%21%
Long-Term Borrowings 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Secured Loans 7,856.92 3,859.86 103.55%103.55%
Unsecured Loans 43,780.91 32,044.18 36.63%36.63%
Deferred Tax Assets / Liabilities 1,679.11 2,235.73 -24.90%24.90%
Other Long Term Liabilities 1,494.18 2,768.37 -46.03%-46.03%
Long Term Trade Payables 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Long Term Provisions 331.10 335.33 -1.26%-1.26%
Total Non-Current Liabilities 55,142.21 41,243.47 33.70%33.70%
Current Liabilities
Trade Payables 3,992.13 3,203.87 24.60%24.60%
Other Current Liabilities 12,854.49 7,705.43 66.82%
Short Term Borrowings 33.65 1,645.58 -97.96%-97.96%
49. Short Term Provisions 798.41 974.76 -18.09%
Total Current Liabilities 17,678.68 13,529.64 30.67%.67%
Total Liabilities 96,544.65 79,538.31 21.38%21.38%
ASSETS
Non-Current Assets 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Gross Block 89,684.91 71,107.70 26.13%26.13%
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 13,559.93 6,136.40 120.98%120.98%
Less: Impairment of Assets 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Net Block 76,124.98 64,971.30 17.17%17.17%
Lease Adjustment A/c 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Capital Work in Progress 1,324.40 661.35 100.26%100.26%
Intangible assets under development 6,204.80 5,377.48 15.38%15.38%
Pre-operative Expenses pending 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Assets in transit 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Non Current Investments 2,226.60 1,666.85 33.58%33.58%
Long Term Loans & Advances 1,922.20 1,427.47 34.66%34.66%
Other Non Current Assets 1,338.03 774.92 72.67%72.67%
Total Non-Current Assets 89,141.01 74,879.37 19.05%19.05%
Current Assets Loans & Advances
50. Currents Investments 4,024.71 832.85 3 383.25%83.25%
Inventories 54.21 85.15 -36.33%-36.33%
Sundry Debtors 1,258.10 1,136.06 10.74%10.74%
Cash and Bank 31.27 757.66 -95.87%95.87%
Other Current Assets 1,210.80 872.68 38.74%38.74%
Short Term Loans and Advances 824.57 974.55 -15.39%
Total Current Assets 7,403.65 4,658.94 58.91%58.91%
Net Current Assets (Including Current Investments) -10,275.03 -8,870.70 15.83%15.83%
Total CA Excluding Current Investments 3,378.94 3,826.10 -11.69%11.69%
Miscellaneous Expenses not written off 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Total Assets 96,544.65 79,538.31 21.38%
51. Interpretation:-
The comparative balance sheet as on two or more dates can be prepared to show the increase or
decrease in various assets, liabilities and capital. Such a comparative balance sheet is useful in
studying the trends in business enterprise
The comparative balance sheet of the company reveals that there has been decrease in
reserve & surplus by -4.97% which shows that company has insufficient profit.
Non current assets of the firm has increased by19.05% where as non current liabilities of
the firm has increased by 33.70%.
The current investment has increased by383.25%, sundry debtors has increased by
10.74%, other current assets increased by38.74%. It shows that the company have good
point that it can reduce its short-term as well as long-term loan and advances.
The overall financial position of the firm is satisfactory.
53. Interpretation:-
Cash flow statements shows how much cash comes in and goes out of the company over
the year. At first glance, that sounds a lot like the income statements in that it records
financial performance over a specified period.
Above statements shows that in Mar,16 Net cash flow from Operating Activity was
Rs109486Approx. and it fall in Mar,17 Rs105373Approx.
In Mar,16 Net cash used in Investing Activity (23889)Approx and it decrease in Mar,17
Rs(155556)Approx.
In Mar,16 Net cash used in Financing Activity (93300)Approx andit increase in Mar,17
Rs44444Approx.
54. Ratio analysis
Current Ratio:-
The current ratio is a liquidity and efficiency ratio that measures a firm's ability to pay off its
short-term liabilities with its current assets. The current ratio is an important measure of liquidity
because short-term liabilities are due within the next year.
This means that a company has a limited amount of time in order to raise the funds to pay for
these liabilities. Current assets like cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities can easily
be converted into cash in the short term. This means that companies with larger amounts of
current assets will more easily be able to pay off current liabilities when they become due
without having to sell off long-term, revenue generating assets.
Formula:-
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Current Ratio
1 Mar,13 0.52
2 Mar,14 0.42
3 Mar,15 0.39
4 Mar,16 0.33
5 Mar,17 0.29
55. Interpretation:-
An ideal current ratio should be 2:1, which denotes that the current assets of a business should at
least be twice of its current liabilities. Current ratio of company was decreasing from 0.52 in
Mar,13 to 0.29 in Mar,17. Therefore it can be said that the short-term financial position of the
company is not satisfactory.
56. Quick Ratio:-
The quick ratio or acid test ratio is a liquidity ratio that measures the ability of a company to pay
its current liabilities when they come due with only quick assets. Quick assets are current assets
that can be converted to cash within 90 days or in the short-term. Cash, cash equivalents, short-
term investments or marketable securities, and current accounts receivable are considered quick
assets.
The quick ratio is often called the acid test ratio in reference to the historical use of acid to test
metals for gold by the early miners. If the metal passed the acid test, it was pure gold. If metal
failed the acid test by corroding from the acid, it was a base metal and of no value.
The acid test of finance shows how well a company can quickly convert its assets into cash in
order to pay off its current liabilities. It also shows the level of quick assets to current liabilities.
Formula:-
.
OR
57. Company Data for Analysis:-
Interpretation:-
An ideal quick ratio is said to be 1:1. Quick ratio of the company has been falling from 0.55 in
Mar,13 to 0.28 in Mar,17, which means company quick ratio is less than1:1.Therefore short-time
financial position of the company is not satisfactory.
S.No Year Quick Ratio
1 Mar,13 0.55
2 Mar,14 0.46
3 Mar,15 0.39
4 Mar,16 0.35
5 Mar,17 0.28
58. Debt- Equity Ratio:-
The debt to equity ratio is a financial, liquidity ratio that compares a company's total debt to total
equity. The debt to equity ratio shows the percentage of company financing that comes from
creditors and investors. A higher debt to equity ratio indicates that more creditor financing (bank
loans) is used than investor financing (shareholders).
Formula:-
The debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by total equity. The debt to
equity ratio is considered a balance sheet ratio because all of the elements are reported on the
balance sheet.
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Debt-equity Ratio
1 Mar,13 0.8
2 Mar,14 1.14
3 Mar,15 0.74
4 Mar,16 1.56
5 Mar,17 2.18
59. Interpretation:-
Debt-Equity ratio of 2:1 is considered safe. If the debt equity ratio is more than that, it shows a
rather risky financial position from the long term point of view, as it indicates that more and
more funds invested in the business are provided by long term lenders. A high debt-equity ratio
provides sufficient protection to long-term lenders. The debt equity ratio for this year Mar,17 is
2.18, which is more than the safe ratio 2:1. It shows company is in bad position.
60. Gross Profit Ratio:-
Gross profit margin is a profitability ratio that calculates the percentage of sales that exceed the
cost of goods sold. In other words, it measures how efficiently a company uses its materials and
labor to produce and sell products profitably. You can think of it as the amount of money from
product sales left over after all of the direct costs associated with manufacturing the product have
been paid. These direct costs are typically called cost of goods sold or COGS and usually consist
of raw materials and direct labor.
Formula:-
The gross profit formula is calculated by subtracting total cost of goods sold from total sales.
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Gross profit Ratio
1 Mar,13 9.33
2 Mar,14 12.1
3 Mar,15 15.4
4 Mar,16 15.7
5 Mar,17 6.78
61. Interpretation:-
This ratio measures the margin of profit available on revenue from operation. The higher the G P
ratio, the better it is. No ideal is fixed for this ratio. The G P ratio of the company has been 9.33
in Mar,13 and it is continuously increasing up to 15.7 in Mar,16 but in Mar,17 it falls up to 6.78.
this means our profit get decreased , so this ratio is not sufficient to pay operating expense,
interest on loans, transfer to reserve.
62. Operating MarginRatio:-
The operating margin ratio, also known as the operating profit margin, is a profitability ratio that
measures what percentage of total revenues is made up by operating income. In other words, the
operating margin ratio demonstrates how much revenues are left over after all the variable or
operating costs have been paid. Conversely, this ratio shows what proportion of revenues is
available to cover non-operating costs like interest expense
This ratio is important to both creditors and investors because it helps show how strong and
profitable a company's operations are. For instance, a company that receives 30 percent of its
revenue from its operations means that it is running its operations smoothly and this income
supports the company. It also means this company depends on the income from operations. If
operations start to decline, the company will have to find a new way to generate income..
Formula:-
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Operating M Ratio
1 Mar,13 23.19
2 Mar,14 27.78
3 Mar,15 30.92
4 Mar,16 33.01
5 Mar,17 28.61
63. Interpretation:-
This ratio shows that in Mar,13 it was 23.19 and it was growing up to Mar,16 and then start
falling to 28.61 in Mar,17. This means that company profit is not bad. But in future company
have to take measure to enhance it.
64. Net Profit Margin:-
The net profit margin ratio, also called net margin, is a profitability metric that measures what
percentage of each dollar earned by a business ends up as profit at the end of the year. In other
words, it shows how much net income a business makes from each dollar of sales.
A higher margin is always better than a lower margin because it means that the company is able
to translate more of its sales into profits at the end of the period. Keep in mind that margins
change drastically between industries and just become one industry has a lower average margin
than another doesn't mean that it is less profitable. Industries, like retailing, might have a lower
average margin than other industries, but they make up for it in sheer volume of sales making
them more profitable in total dollars.
Formula:-
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Net Profit Margin
1 Mar,13 3.71
2 Mar,14 6.46
3 Mar,15 8.98
4 Mar,16 7.3
5 Mar,17 -2.35
65. Interpretation:-
This ratio helps in determining the efficient with which the affairs of a company is measured.
Continuously increase in the above ratio year after is a improving condition of the business.
The net profit of Mar,17 is -2.35 which is very less than last year. So the company is in poor
condition in Mar,17. This ratio also indicates that firm has no capacity to face adverse condition
such as price competition , low demand etc.
66. Return on Net Assets:-
The Return on Net Assets (RONA) is a performance ratio, which compares the income generated
by a business and the fixed assets used to generate the income. Hence, it measures the efficiency
of a company in generating returns on the assets it owns.
For many companies, fixed assets are the biggest component of investment. Hence, it is useful to
understand how much income these assets are producing. It’s also useful to understand if the
company is effectively deploying its resources or losing money on incremental investments. It
can also provide sense of the time period in which a new investment can be returned to the
investors. Better utilization of assets can generate higher returns making the company more
profitable and increasing the ability of the company to return the money to investors.
Formula:-
Company Data for Analysis
Year Return on Assets
Mar,13 42.3
Mar,14 46.95
Mar,15 60.84
Mar,16 67.48
Mar,17 65.8
67. Interpretation:-
The only common rule is that the higher return on assets is the better, because the company is
earning more money on its assets. A low return on assets compared with the industry average
indicates inefficient use of company’s assets. Figures shows that from Mar,13 to Mar,16 there
was appreciation in the ratio but in Mar,17 it was decline up to 65.8 so here company is using its
assets efficiently to get better return on assets.
68. Return On Equity:-
The return on equity ratio or ROE is a profitability ratio that measures the ability of a firm to
generate profits from its shareholders investments in the company. In other words, the return on
equity ratio shows how much profit each dollar of common stockholders' equity generates.
Formula:-
The return on equity ratio formula is calculated by dividing net income by shareholder's equity.
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Return on Equity
1 Mar,13 5.83
2 Mar,14 10.83
3 Mar,15 12.83
4 Mar,16 10.76
5 Mar,17 -3.5
69. Interpretation:-
Return on equity is the most widely used ratio for valuation of a firm. As ROE is measured more
as compared to the profit of the firm. A rising ROE suggests that a company is increasing its
ability to generate profit without needing as much capital. It also indicates how well a company’s
management is utilize the shareholder’s capital. In other words, the higher the ROE is better.
Above figures shows that from Mar,13 to Mar,16 company position is better ,but in Mar,17 there
was very poor condition of the company.
70. Return On Capital Employed:-
Return on capital employed or ROCE is a profitability ratio that measures how efficiently a
company can generate profits from its capital employed by comparing net operating profit to
capital employed. In other words, return on capital employed shows investors how many dollars
in profits each dollar of capital employed generates.
ROCE is a long-term profitability ratio because it shows how effectively assets are performing
while taking into consideration long-term financing. This is why ROCE is a more useful ratio
than return on equity to evaluate the longevity of a company.
Formula:-
Company Data for Analysis
S.No Year Return on CE
1 Mar,13 8.3
2 Mar,14 9.68
3 Mar,15 13.85
4 Mar,16 9.35
5 Mar,17 3.43
71. Interpretation:-
ROCE should always be higher than the rate at which company borrows otherwise any increase
in the borrowing will reduce shareholders earning, and vice versa , a good ROCE is one that is
greater than the rate at which the company borrows. In Mar,17 ROCE is 3.4, which means it is
decrease from the last year. It is showing poor position of the company.
73. Findings:-
The other income of the company increased by 33.32% where as other expenditure is
increased by 5.49%. It shows that income is greater than expenditure.
The current investment has increased by383.25%, sundry debtors has increased by
10.74%.
The debt equity ratio for this year Mar,17 is 2.18, which is more than the safe ratio 2:1. It
shows company is not in good position.
Quick ratio of the company has been falling from 0.55 in Mar,13 to 0.28 in Mar,17,
which means company quick ratio is less than1:1
The net profit ratio of Mar,17 is -2.35 which is very less than last year. So the company is
in poor condition in Mar,17.
It shows that there is insufficient profit in the company to distribute the dividend.
75. Limitations :-
It is only based on mathematical interpretation of the figure and
ignores the factors such as management cycle, motivation of worker
leadership.
It is affected by price level changes.
It does not give any clue for the future.
Primary data is not used to collect the information only secondary
data is used.
77. Suggestions:-
Comparative profit & loss A/c shows that net sales of the company is less than the
previous financial year. So it lead to dissatisfied the customer so company have to take
measure to increase in sales.
Comparative balance sheet shows that there is Appreciation in non current investment
and long term loans and advances which is help in increasing the goodwill of the
economy so company have to change the policies time to time as per the changing
environment.
The firm have low current ratio so it should increase its current ratio to meet its short
term obligations.
Debt-equity ratio shows that position of the company is quite satisfactory ,so to maintain
the balance. company have to reduce its debt and take measure to more satisfies the
equity shareholders as they are the owner of the company.
The net profit ratio is very less as compared to last financial year
So if company want to survive for a long period of time in the market. Then company
have to continuously scanning the business environment to understand the impact of it.
To maintain its financial position company should properly utilized its fixed assets.
79. Conclusion:-
After making this report I came to know that firm financial position is not well
because there is decrease in net profit ratio, net sales, current ratio etc.
But firm is good in making decision related to investments as there is rise in non-
current investments, current investments, long term loans & advance to meet short
term obligation.
Management has taken full attention towards adoption of modern technology to
survive for a long period of time in the market.
83. Annexure:-
Balance Sheetforthe year ended 31st
Mar,17
Parameter MAR'17
(₹ Cr.)
MAR'16
(₹ Cr.)
EQUITYAND LIABILITIES
Share Capital 3,605.33 3,600.51
Share Warrants & Outstandings
Total Reserves 19,984.30 21,029.46
Shareholder's Funds 23,723.76 24,765.20
Long-Term Borrowings 0.00 0.00
Secured Loans 7,856.92 3,859.86
Unsecured Loans 43,780.91 32,044.18
Deferred Tax Assets / Liabilities 1,679.11 2,235.73
Other Long Term Liabilities 1,494.18 2,768.37
Long Term Trade Payables 0.00 0.00
Long Term Provisions 331.10 335.33
Total Non-Current Liabilities 55,142.21 41,243.47
Current Liabilities
Trade Payables 3,992.13 3,203.87
Other Current Liabilities 12,854.49 7,705.43
84. Short Term Borrowings 33.65 1,645.58
Short Term Provisions 798.41 974.76
Total Current Liabilities 17,678.68 13,529.64
Total Liabilities 96,544.65 79,538.31
ASSETS
Non-Current Assets 0.00 0.00
Gross Block 89,684.91 71,107.70
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 13,559.93 6,136.40
Less: Impairment of Assets 0.00 0.00
Net Block 76,124.98 64,971.30
Lease Adjustment A/c 0.00 0.00
Capital Work in Progress 1,324.40 661.35
Intangible assets under development 6,204.80 5,377.48
Pre-operative Expenses pending 0.00 0.00
Assets in transit 0.00 0.00
Non Current Investments 2,226.60 1,666.85
Long Term Loans & Advances 1,922.20 1,427.47
Other Non Current Assets 1,338.03 774.92
Total Non-Current Assets 89,141.01 74,879.37
85. Profit & Loss A/c for the year ending 31st
Mar,2017
Current Assets Loans & Advances
Currents Investments 4,024.71 832.85
Inventories 54.21 85.15
Sundry Debtors 1,258.10 1,136.06
Cash and Bank 31.27 757.66
Other Current Assets 1,210.80 872.68
Short Term Loans and Advances 824.57 974.55
Total Current Assets 7,403.65 4,658.94
Net Current Assets (Including Current Investments) -10,275.03 -8,870.70
Total Current Assets Excluding Current Investments 3,378.94 3,826.10
Miscellaneous Expenses not written off 0.00 0.00
Total Assets 96,544.65 79,538.31
86. Particulars MAR'17
(₹ Cr.)
MAR'16
(₹ Cr.)
Gross Sales 35,278.65 35,803.69
Less :Inter divisional transfers 0.00 0.00
Less: Sales Returns 0.00 0.00
Less: Excise 0.00 0.00
Net Sales 35,278.65 35,803.69
EXPENDITURE:
Increase/Decrease in Stock 0.00 0.00
Raw Materials Consumed 0.00 0.00
Power & Fuel Cost 3,009.10 2,517.66
Employee Cost 1,625.64 1,473.52
Other Manufacturing Expenses 16,334.11 15,857.14
General and Administration Expenses 424.26 375.57
Selling and Distribution Expenses 3,397.80 3,307.73
Miscellaneous Expenses 411.49 359.48
Expenses Capitalised 0.00 0.00
Total Expenditure 25,202.41 23,891.10
PBIDT (Excl OI) 10,076.24 11,912.59
Other Income 244.94 183.72
87. Operating Profit 10,321.17 12,096.30
Interest 4,040.16 1,802.22
PBDT 6,281.01 10,294.08
Depreciation 7,700.02 6,223.23
Profit Before Taxation & Exceptional Items -1,419.00 4,070.85
Exceptional Income / Expenses 0.00 0.00
Profit Before Tax -1,419.00 4,070.85
Provision for Tax -587.93 1,424.56
PAT -831.08 2,646.29
Extraordinary Items 0.00 0.00
Adj to Profit After Tax 0.00 0.00
Profit Balance B/F 8,511.05 6,152.27