science 10 week 1

1. P O M P
A L L A B O U T

2. Are you familiar with
Pompeii?

3. ALL ABOUT
POMPEII
Pompeii is a city in Southern Italy or more
specifically in Metropolitan City of Naples in
Italy. The town of Pompeii was located about
5 miles from Mount Vesuvius. Pompeii was
flourishing resort with elegant houses and
elaborate villas. But once devastated because
of the eruption of Mountain Vesuvius.

4. ALL ABOUT
POMPEII
In either August or October
79 A.D. (Anno Domini), minor
earthquakes was felt in
Pompeii but was ignored by
the citizen because "they
were not particularly
alarming because they are
frequent in Campania" said
by the writer and eyewitness-
Pliny the Younger.
Bodies of women, men,
children, and animals were
found to be frozen where
they exactly fallen. Some
bodies that was found was
seen to be wrapping their
arm tightly with their loved
ones until they were
covered with ashes.

5. ALL ABOUT
POMPEII Some says that the
total death in
Pompeii was 16, 000
people but some also
says that the total
death from the
eruption remains
unknown.

6. MOUN
T
Mount Vesuvius is a
stratovolcano located
near the Bay of
Naples in Italy that
caused a catastrophic
eruption causing the
Pompeii and other
nearby communities,
or regions to be
buried.

7. Now, what causes Mount
Vesuvius to erupt?

8. Causes and mechanics of how Mount
Vesuvius erupted and how it left an impact in
Pompeii:
1. Volcanic Activity of
Vesuvius
Since Mount Vesuvius is part of Campanian volcanic arc, its
area is prone to volcanic eruption due to the moving tectonic
plates or the movements of tectonic plates beneath. In this
region, the African plate is being subducted under the
Eurasian plate, resulting to magma formation and volcanic
activity.

9. Campanian Volcanic
Arc

10. Causes and mechanics of how Mount Vesuvius
erupted and how it left an impact in Pompeii:
2. Build-up of Magma
Pressure:
-Before the eruption, there was
an already build-up of pressure
of magma inside the Vesuvius.
As the magma rose toward the
surface, the pressure increased
as gases were dissolved in
magma, it began to expand and
resulting the volcano to be
unstable.
Prior to the eruption, there
were already a warning signs
like earthquakes in Pompeii
and sorrounding regions.
Unfortunately, the residents of
the area failed to realized that
those were precautions of
volcanic eruption.
3. Preceding
Earthquake:

11. CHANICS OF THE ERUPTION:
1. PLINIAN
ERUPTION
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius is classified as a "Plinian eruption"
honoring Pliny the Younger who documented the event. The eruption
was estimated to be 20-30 kilometers high that spewed a super-heated
tephra, ash, pumice, and gases into the atmosphere reaching the
stratosphere and carried the volcanic material for miles.

12. CHANICS OF THE ERUPTION:
2.
PYROCLASTIC
FLOW
It is the most dangerous and deadly part of the eruptions. The pyroclastic
flows is the quick-flow of hot gas, ash, and volcanic debris that flows down
out of the slopes of Mount Vesuvius. These flows was over 500°C and
moved at speeds of up to 100 kilometers per hour resulting the
inhabitants of Pompeii and other nearby region to suffocate and burned.

13. CHANICS OF THE ERUPTION:
3. ASH FALL
Heavy fall of ash and pumice covered Pompeii. The roof
of buildings, houses, and other institutions collapsed
due to the weight of the ash, causing fatalities.

14. CHANICS OF THE ERUPTION:
4. VOLCANIC
GASES
Toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and
hydrogen sulfide was released due to the eruption. These
resulted suffocation of people in Pompeii which caused a
tragedy.

15. After all the disaster of the main eruption phase,
unfortunately, Pompeii was blanketed under
approximately 4 to 6 meters of ash and pumice.
The cities remained buried for centuries until rediscovered
in the 18th century. The thick layers of ash preserved
Pompeii and its buildings, artifacts, and even the remains of
its inhabitants in remarkable detail.

16. Safety Measures and
Preventive Strategies:
Risk reduction
measures:
Educate people and raise
awareness on volcanoes risk.
Develop probabilistic hazard
maps which can enable
appropriate land-use planning
policies before eruption.
Create a hazard map to
identify volcano risk and
vulnerability.
According to National Emergency
Management Agency, here are some
safety measures and strategies to do
when there is a volcanic eruption:
•Listen to the radio for civil defence
advice and follow instructions.
•If outside at the time of eruption, seek
shelter in a car or a building. If caught in
volcanic ash falls, wear a dust mask or
use a handkerchief or cloth over your
nose and mouth.

17. Safety Measures and
Preventive Strategies:
•Stay indoors as volcanic ash is a health hazard, especially if you have
respiratory difficulties such as asthma or bronchitis.
In addition, these are also safety measures from other souces:
•Beware of mudflows or
lahars.
•Avoid low-lying areas,where poisonous gases can settle and flash floods can
be most dangerous.
•Do not get on your roof to remove
ash.
•Stay indoors until authorities say it is safe to go
outside.

18. REFERENCES:
•History of Pompeii. Pompeii Online.
Antiquarium. Pompeiisites.org.
Resurrecting Pompeii. Smithsonian Magazine.
Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata.
UNESCO World Heritage Convention.
• https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-rome/pompeii
• https://www.britannica.com/place/Pompeii
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruption_of_Mount_Vesuvius_in_79_AD

19. •https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
257758316_The_eruption_of_Vesuvius_of_79_AD_and_its_impact_on_human_
environment_in_Pompei
•
https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.britannica.com/place/Pompeii&s
a=U&sqi=2&ved=2ahUKEwiWyZbusLyIAxVFsVYBHX5QDSEQFnoECBMQAQ&us
g=AOvVaw32280G6x4NwNQec_a46JOV
• https://www.civildefence.govt.nz/resources/what-to-do-during-a-volcanic-eruption
•
https://www.preventionweb.net/knowledge-base/hazards/volcano#:~:text=Risk
%20reduction%20measures&text=Educate%20people%20and%20raise
%20awareness,identify%20volcano%20risk%20and%20vulnerability.

20. PHOTOS
REFERENCES :
• https://pin.it/2xGLpGrRc
• https://pin.it/3ykDqr6ng
• https://pin.it/4TMU7g8PB
• https://pin.it/6ZrNVSt3i