The document discusses the concept of AI agents and their environments, defining agents as entities that perceive through sensors and act through effectors. It highlights the performance measures that determine an agent's success and the importance of rationality in decision-making based on perceptual inputs. Additionally, it outlines different types of agents, such as simple reflex agents, and emphasizes the various properties of environments in which agents operate.

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AI - Agents & Environments
AI

2. An agent is anything that can perceive its
environment through sensors and acts upon that
environment through effectors.
A human agent has sensory organs such as
eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin parallel to
the sensors, and other organs such as hands,
legs, mouth, for effectors.
A robotic agent replaces cameras and infrared
range finders for the sensors, and various
motors and actuators for effectors.
A software agent has encoded bit strings as its
programs and actions.
AI - Agents & Environments

3. An AI system is composed of an agent and its
environment. The agents act in their environment.
The environment may contain other agents.

4. Performance Measure of Agent − It is the criteria,
which determines how successful an agent is.
Behavior of Agent − It is the action that agent
performs after any given sequence of percepts.
Percept − It is agent’s perceptual inputs at a given
instance.
Percept Sequence − It is the history of all that an
agent has perceived till date.
Agent Function − It is a map from the precept
sequence to an action.
Agent Terminology

5. Rationality is nothing but status of being
reasonable, sensible, and having good sense of
judgment.
Rationality is concerned with expected actions
and results depending upon what the agent has
perceived.
Performing actions with the aim of obtaining
useful information is an important part of
rationality.
Rationality

6. An ideal rational agent is the one, which is capable
of doing expected actions to maximize its
performance measure, on the basis of:-
Its percept sequence
Its built-in knowledge base
Rationality of an agent depends on the following:-
The performance measures, which determine
the degree of success.
Agent’s Percept Sequence till now.
The agent’s prior knowledge about the
environment.
The actions that the agent can carry out.
What is Ideal Rational Agent?

7. Agent’s structure can be viewed as:-
Agent = Architecture + Agent Program
Architecture = the machinery that an agent
executes on.
Agent Program = an implementation of an
agent function.
Simple Reflex Agents:-
They choose actions only based on the current
percept.
They are rational only if a correct decision is
made only on the basis of current precept.
Their environment is completely observable.
The Structure of Intelligent Agents

8. The environment has multifold properties:-
Discrete / Continuous
Observable / Partially Observable
Static / Dynamic
Single agent / Multiple agents
Accessible / Inaccessible
Deterministic / Non-deterministic
Episodic / Non-episodic
Properties of Environment

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