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CONFIDENTIAL 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
September 2013 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
December 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
2 
Executive Summary 3 
Why Asian Frontier Markets 4 
Introducing Asia Frontier Capital 19 
Investment Objective & Strategy 23 
Fund Information 37 
Fund Terms & Conditions 45 
Country Snapshots 48 
Contact Information 51 
Disclaimer 52 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
Objectives 
•To achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in listed equities of companies that have their principal business activities in the high-growth Asian frontier markets Fund Overview 
•The fund universe consists of listed equities from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Iraq, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka and Vietnam 
•Focus on earnings growth and undervalued stocks as key drivers for returns 
•Sector focus: Consumer related stocks (Consumer Staples and Consumer Discretionary), Financials and Infrastructure related stocks. Additionally, country specific sectors/stocks such as Tourism in Sri Lanka and Resources in Mongolia and Papua New Guinea 
•Invest in target countries’ large cap and liquid stocks (core portfolio) and mid to small caps (satellite portfolio). Firm Overview 
•Asia Frontier Capital, created through a Management Buy Out from Leopard Capital, is headquartered in Hong Kong and is focused on managing the AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
•The CEO, Thomas Hugger has more than 20 years of investment experience in emerging and frontier markets 
3 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
4 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS? 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
5 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe 
Bangladesh 
Cambodia 
Iraq 
Laos 
Maldives 
Mongolia 
Myanmar 
Pakistan 
Papua New Guinea 
Sri Lanka 
Vietnam
6 
Excellent upside potential due to high GDP growth 
Low Correlation and Diversification at attractive Valuations 
Increasing Consumption 
Favourable 
Demographics 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Manufacturing shift from China
7 
Low Correlation to Global Markets 
Asian Frontier Markets offer significant diversification benefits 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Source: Bloomberg. *Based on 5 years monthly data 
0.35 
0.81 
0.87 
0.91 
0.0 
0.2 
0.4 
0.6 
0.8 
1.0 
MSCI Frontier 
Asia Index 
MSCI Frontier 
Markets Index 
MSCI BRIC Index 
MSCI EM Index 
Correlation with the MSCI World Index
8 
Low Correlation to Global Markets 
Asian Frontier markets are under researched and have the potential to provide 
returns with low correlations to global markets 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Source: Bloomberg. *Based on 5 years monthly data 
-0.05 
-0.01 
0.10 
0.28 
0.28 
0.33 
0.36 
0.51 
0.59 
-0.2 
0.0 
0.2 
0.4 
0.6 
0.8 
Correlation with the MSCI World Index 
ISXGI Index (Iraq) 
DSE Broad Index (Bangladesh) 
CSX Index (Cambodia) 
MSE Top 20 Index (Mongolia) 
LSXC Index (Laos) 
KSE All Share Index (Pakistan) 
Colombo All Share Index (Sri 
Lanka) 
VH Index (Vietnam - Hanoi) 
VN Index (Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh)
9 
High GDP Growth Rates 
High GDP growth of 6.4% expected in 2014 for the AFC Frontier Universe 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
0.0 
2.0 
4.0 
6.0 
8.0 
10.0 
12.0 
AFC Frontier Universe Growth Rates (%) 
Source: IMF
10 
The AFC Frontier Universe offers attractive investment opportunities as 
their combined GDP is comparable in size to emerging and developed countries 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Source: IMF 
GDP of AFC Frontier Universe: USD 833 billion (as of 2013) 
0 
200 
400 
600 
800 
1,000 
1,200 
GDP (USD Billion) 
27% 
25% 
19% 
15% 
7% 
2% 
2% 
1% 
1% 
1% 
0.003% 
Pakistan 
Iraq 
Vietnam 
Bangladesh 
Sri Lanka 
Papua New Guinea 
Cambodia 
Mongolia 
Lao P.D.R. 
Myanmar 
Maldives
11 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
The AFC Frontier Universe has a sizeable population which continues to grow 
and will support future GDP growth 
AFC Frontier Universe Combined Population: 572 million (as of 2013) 
Source: IMF 
0 
200 
400 
600 
800 
1,000 
1,200 
1,400 
Population (millions) 
31% 
27% 
16% 
11% 
6% 
4% 
3% 
1% 
1% 
0.005% 
0.001% 
Pakistan 
Bangladesh 
Vietnam 
Myanmar 
Iraq 
Sri Lanka 
Cambodia 
Papua New Guinea 
Lao P.D.R. 
Mongolia 
Maldives
12 
Compared to Developed Markets, the AFC Frontier Universe has a much younger population growing at a faster rate: This supports future economic growth and consumption 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Source: United Nations Population Division. 
AFC Frontier Universe – A Young and Growing Population 
0% 
20% 
40% 
60% 
80% 
AFC Universe 
North 
America 
Northern 
Europe 
Western 
Europe 
Japan 
% of Population 
< 30 Years Old 
> 50 Years Old 
24 
37 
40 
42 
45 
-0.4% 
0.0% 
0.4% 
0.8% 
1.2% 
1.6% 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
AFC Universe 
North 
America 
Northern 
Europe 
Western 
Europe 
Japan 
Median Age & Population Growth 
Median Age (LHS) 
Population Growth, 2015-2020 (RHS) 
AFC Frontier Universe is supported by huge young population 
Developed Markets are not getting younger. AFC Frontier Universe offer young and growing population
13 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Increasing urbanisation will support growth in the Consumer, Infrastructure and Financial sectors 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
The AFC Frontier Universe is Urbanising from a Low Base 
Rural 20% 
Urban 80% 
OECD Members 
Rural 65% 
Urban 35% 
AFC Frontier Universe 
Source: World Bank
14 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Asian Frontier countries presently have similar demographics to what China had in the 1990s. By 2020 Asian Frontier countries will continue to have a young population relative to China 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
The Shift from China 
Source: United Nations Population Division 
Median Age – China in 1990 v/s Asian Frontier countries at present have similar median ages 
% of Population > Age 60 – China v/s Asian Frontier countries in 2020 Asian Frontier countries’ younger population offer an alternative to China 
16.9% 
15.5% 
12.8% 
10.5% 
9.4% 
8.1% 
7.2% 
6.6% 
0% 
5% 
10% 
15% 
20% 
% of Population > Age 60 
36 
25 
20 
22 
24 
24 
28 
29 
31 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
Median Age
15 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Combination of young workforce and low wages is attracting manufacturing activities to Asian frontier countries as wages in China increase and the workforce gets greater employment opportunities 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
The Shift from China 
Source: China Statistical Bulletin, Wage Indicator Foundation, Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers & Exporters Association, General Statistics Office of Vietnam 
0 
150 
300 
450 
600 
750 
Bangladesh RMG & Vietnam Export Growth* 
Bangladesh 
Vietnam 
50 
52 
68 
75 
79 
100 
112 
193 
251 
264 
275 
282 
0 
75 
150 
225 
300 
Monthly Minimum Wage (USD) 
*Rebased to 100 (2003). RMG: Ready Made Garments 
Wages in Asian Frontier countries are amongst the lowest in the region 
Bangladesh and Vietnam are good examples of the shift of manufacturing from China to neighboring countries
16 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Remittance inflows continue to grow and will support domestic consumption and investment 
Remittance Inflows supports GDP Growth 
Source: IMF 
0 
5 
10 
15 
20 
25 
30 
35 
40 
45 
2000 
2001 
2002 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
Billion USD 
Maldives 
Vietnam 
Sri Lanka 
Papua New Guinea 
Pakistan 
Myanmar 
Mongolia 
Lao PDR 
Iraq 
Cambodia 
Bangladesh
17 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Low Market Cap/GDP relative to Emerging Markets Offers Value 
Source: Bloomberg, Asia Frontier Capital 
4% 
8% 
11% 
27% 
27% 
34% 
36% 
39% 
40% 
41% 
43% 
46% 
61% 
62% 
95% 
100% 
120% 
0% 
25% 
50% 
75% 
100% 
125% 
150% 
Market Cap. as % of GDP - Asian Frontier v/s Emerging Markets
18 
Attractive Valuations Asian Frontier markets offer attractive dividend yields and low Price to Earnings and Price to Book ratios Asian Frontier markets are valued attractively relative to emerging Asian countries 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Source: Bloomberg. P/E is based on Trailing 12 Months and P/B is latest reporting period. 
WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 
Select Asian Frontier Index Valuations 
Country 
Index 
P/E (x) 
P/B (x) 
Dividend Yield (%) 
Laos 
LSXC 
7.8 
1.3 
7.2 
Pakistan 
KSE100 
10.9 
1.9 
4.7 
Vietnam 
VNINDEX 
14.7 
2.0 
3.7 
Sri Lanka 
CSEALL Share 
14.9 
2.0 
2.3 
Emerging Asia Index Valuations 
Country 
Index 
P/E (x) 
P/B (x) 
Dividend Yield (%) 
Malaysia 
FBMKLCI 
16.2 
2.2 
3.3 
Thailand 
SET 
18.6 
2.2 
2.9 
Indonesia 
JCI 
19.1 
2.4 
1.9 
India 
BSE SENSEX 
19.3 
3.1 
1.4 
Philippines 
PCOMP 
20.8 
2.9 
2.1 
Source: Bloomberg. P/E is based on Trailing 12 Months and P/B is latest reporting period.
19 
INTRODUCING 
ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
20 
Proven Expertise In Frontier Markets 
•Asia Frontier Capital Limited was created in June 2013 through a Management Buy Out from Leopard Capital 
•The founder and CEO, Thomas Hugger, has more than 20 years experience in investing in Frontier Markets 
•Licensed by SFC Hong Kong for Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) Attractive Equities Identified in Structured Investment Policy 
•Asia Frontier Capital has identified equities with good upside potential 
•The Fund has access to numerous primary and secondary research sources 
•A Structured Investment and Research process is being followed 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INTRODUCING ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL
Our Team 
Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, has spent 27 years in private banking and has been investing in Asian and African Frontier Markets since 1993. He is the former Managing Partner, CFO & COO of Leopard Capital; and was previously a Managing Director and Head of Portfolio Management at LGT Bank in Hong Kong. Mr. Hugger was the founding shareholder of one of the largest brokerage companies in Bangladesh. He is also a Certified Financial Investment Analyst (CFIA) and Investment Adviser (Switzerland) and a Certified European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies (EFFAS) Financial Analyst. 
Ahmed Tabaqchali, CIO of Iraq Investments, is an experienced capital markets professional with over 22 years of experience in MENA markets as well as the US. He is currently a board member of the Credit Bank of Iraq and former Executive Director of NBK Capital, the investment banking arm of the National Bank of Kuwait. Prior to these roles Ahmed was Managing Director and Head of International Institutional Sales at WR Hambrecht + Co. This followed on from roles as a Managing Director at KeyBanc Capital Markets and Director & Head of Capital Markets & Institutional Sales at Jefferies Int'l in London. Ahmed is an Iraqi as well as British national and holds a M.Sc. in Mathematics from Oxford University in England, a B.Sc. (Hons, 1st class) in Mathematics from Victoria University and a B.Sc. in Mathematics from Canterbury University in New Zealand. 
Ruchir Desai, Senior Investment Analyst, is an MBA graduate in Finance from CUHK Business School at The Chinese University of Hong Kong and is also an alumnus of The Fuqua School of Business at Duke University where he spent a semester during his MBA program. He has passed the Level I & II exam of the CFA Program and is currently a CFA Level III candidate. Prior to being based in Hong Kong, Ruchir was based in Mumbai where he spent two years as a Senior Analyst at HandsOn Ventures LLC, a mid-market private equity group focused on investments in the Business Services industry. Prior to this role, he spent three years as a Research Analyst at Pioneer Investcorp Ltd, an institutional brokerage based in Mumbai. 
Stephen Friel, Marketing Director, holds a Master of Development Economics with Distinction from University of Queensland and is also an alumnus of CUHK Business School at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Prior to joining Asia Frontier Capital, Stephen supported the launch of a Hong Kong based hedge fund where he conducted research on Japanese equities. He is also a former International Business/Strategy Lecturer at The Queensland University of Technology Business School. His background in Development Economics has seen him spend an extensive amount of time on the ground in emerging and frontier markets such as Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Papua New Guinea, The Philippines and Vanuatu. 
Scott Osheroff, Regional Research Analyst, holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration with a Concentration in Finance from Northeastern University. Prior to joining Asia Frontier Capital, Scott worked with Pathfinder Capital Management in Southeast Asia and Mongolia. Prior to this role, Scott co-founded a publishing company whose principal asset, EmergingFrontiers.com, was leveraged to provide investment coverage on public and private investments in Asia’s frontier markets. He has spent the last two years between Mongolia and Cambodia. 
Ms. Margaret Kwok, Accounting & Administration Executive, has over 30 years of prior work experience in accounting, administration, and financial services at institutions such as Christfund Securities, PFC International, and Guoyuan Securities. She holds advanced level certificates in Accounting & Costing from London Chamber of Commerce & Industry and a Certificate in Accountancy from Kwai Chung Technical Institute. Margaret is fluent in Cantonese, Mandarin and English. 
21 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
OUR TEAM
Our Team 
Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, has spent 27 years in private banking and has been investing in Asian and African Frontier Markets since 1993. He is the former Managing Partner, CFO & COO of Leopard Capital; and was previously a Managing Director and Head of Portfolio Management at LGT Bank in Hong Kong. Mr. Hugger was the founding shareholder of one of the largest brokerage companies in Bangladesh. He is also a Certified Financial Investment Analyst (CFIA) and Investment Adviser (Switzerland) and a Certified European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies (EFFAS) Financial Analyst. 
Hon. Andrew Fraser, Director, is a graduate of St John's College, Oxford after which he held numerous posts in the financial sector both in the City of London and elsewhere. He has previously held positions as; CEO of Baring Securities in the UK, Chairman of Equity Partners Ltd., a Bangladesh investment bank, as well as Chairman of Bridge Securities, a quoted Korean company, amongst other posts. At present he is a global investor based in London. 
Dr. Marc Faber, is CEO, investment advisor and fund manager of Marc Faber Limited. He is the publisher of a widely read monthly investment newsletter The Gloom, Boom and Doom report which highlights global investment opportunities. Dr. Faber is respected around the world for his market forecasts over the past three decades. 
22 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
SHAREHOLDERS OF ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL LIMITED
23 
INVESTMENT 
OBJECTIVE & STRATEGY 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
•Achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in listed equities of companies that have their principal business activities in high-growth Asian frontier markets. 
•The fund focuses primarily on investments in consumer related stocks, financials and infrastructure. 
•Countries included in the AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe include 
 Bangladesh 
 Cambodia 
 Iraq 
 Laos 
 Maldives 
 Mongolia 
 Myanmar 
 Pakistan 
 Papua New Guinea 
 Sri Lanka 
 Vietnam 
24 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
25 
Top-down Approach 
Value / Growth 
Risk Mitigation 
Cash 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
•Top – Down Approach 
Strategic country and currency allocation 
•Combination of Value and Growth 
Gain exposure to domestic and structural growth by investing in companies with sound business performance and management, coupled with good expansion strategies 
Company visits and research (primary and secondary) either by the fund manager or team members 
•Invest in target countries large cap and liquid stocks (core portfolio) and mid- to small caps (satellite portfolio) 
•Focus on free cash flow, growth potential and undervalued stocks as key drivers for returns 
26 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
Vinasun (Vietnam Sun Corp), Bloomberg Code: VNS VN 
•Vinasun is the largest taxi operator in Vietnam with a market share of 42% in Ho Chi Minh City and a fleet size of ~4,000 taxis. 
•Company is expanding into new cities in 2014 and its competitive advantage is the ease of access to its taxis through a 24 hour call centre as well as online and on the ground presence at airports, hotels and commercial centres which reduces waiting time relative to competition. 
•Increasing urbanisation is a demand driver for taxi services with urban population at 32% of total population in 2012 as compared to 26% in 2002 
•Growth in fleet size is expected to lead to double digit growth in profits and we expect Vinasun can achieve comparable valuations to its regional peers which leaves room for further upside 
•Currently valued at a trailing 12 month P/E of 9.8x and a P/B of 2.2x. Similar peer, Indonesia based Express Transindo (TAXI IJ) trades at trailing 12 month P/E of 17.4x and a P/B of 2.9x 
27 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY – GROWTH PICK 
Key Metrics 
Market Cap. (US$ million) 
132.8 
Revenue (US$ million) 
162.3 
Operating Margin (%) 
10.3% 
Net Margin (%) 
8.2% 
RoE (%) 
24.5% 
P/E (x) 
9.8x 
P/B (x) 
2.2x 
Source: Bloomberg. P/E is Trailing 12 Month and P/B is latest reporting period.
28 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY – VALUE PICK 
United Motors Lanka PLC, Bloomberg Code: UML SL 
•The leading auto industry distributor in Sri Lanka with a strategic network across the country 
•Revenues and net income for the company have grown at a CAGR of 8.8% and 20.4% respectively between FY2008 and FY2014 
•Return on Equity at 20.8%, operating margin of 14.2% and unlevered balance sheet with minimal debt 
•Currently valued very attractively at a P/E of 9.0x based on trailing 12 months earnings and at a P/B of 1.3x 
•The fund entered this stock when valuations were even more compelling at a P/E of 1.97x and P/B of 0.77x 
•The stock has appreciated by 137.3% since first purchased but we believe it is still attractively valued given a declining interest rate environment and due to the removal of certain curbs for import of vehicles. The stock also offers a dividend yield of 11.3% 
Key Metrics 
Market Cap. (US$ mn) 
81.7 
Revenue (US$ mn) 
106.8 
Operating Margin (%) 
14.2% 
Net Margin (%) 
11.6% 
RoE (%) 
20.8% 
P/E (x) 
9.0x 
P/B (x) 
1.3x 
Source: Bloomberg. P/E is Trailing 12 Month and P/B is latest reporting period.
29 
Country/Sector Approach In addition to AFC Frontier Fund’s core investment themes (Consumption, Infrastructure, and Financials), the fund is also targeting country-specific sectors that are poised for rapid growth 
 Agriculture in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam 
 Textiles in Bangladesh and Pakistan 
 Travel & Tourism in Cambodia, Maldives and Sri Lanka 
 Power generation in Laos 
 Energy in Iraq and Papua New Guinea 
 Mining in Mongolia and Papua New Guinea 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
30 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY CONSUMER STOCKS 
Percentage of Durables in Private Consumption 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe 
Per capita income USD PPP (2012) 
Bangladesh 
$ 729 
Cambodia 
$ 792 
Iraq 
$ 3,918 
Laos 
$ 1,017 
Maldives 
$ 4,385 
Mongolia 
$ 2,499 
Myanmar 
- 
Pakistan 
$ 1,217 
PNG 
$ 1,625 
Sri Lanka 
$ 2,699 
Vietnam 
$ 1,372
31 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
WHY CONSUMER STOCKS 
Consumption Expenditure is Increasing in Frontier Markets 
0 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
1993 
1994 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 
2000 
2001 
2002 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) 
BRICS Average 
Linear (BRICS Average) 
-1 
0 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
1993 
1994 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 
2000 
2001 
2002 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) 
AFC Country Universe Average 
Linear (AFC Country Universe Average) 
$- 
$200 
$400 
$600 
$800 
$1,000 
$1,200 
$1,400 
$1,600 
1993 
1994 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 
2000 
2001 
2002 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
Household final consumption expenditure per capita (USD - constant 2005) 
Bangladesh 
Cambodia 
Iraq 
Lao PDR 
Maldives 
Mongolia 
Myanmar 
Pakistan 
Papua New 
Guinea 
Sri Lanka 
Vietnam 
AFC Average 
-2 
-1 
0 
1 
2 
3 
4 
1993 
1994 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 
2000 
2001 
2002 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) 
Developed Countries 
Linear (Developed Countries)
32 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
ASIAN FRONTIER THEME – CONSUMER STOCKS 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund’s key sector allocation – Consumer Stocks Why we like Consumer Stocks: 
• Demographics of Frontier Markets – Young Population 
• Increasing disposable income will shift demand for consumer goods 
• Attractive valuations, free cash flow generation, consistent earnings growth and dividend payout 
• Is not subject to political interference or heavy government regulation unlike other industries such as Utilities or Infrastructure 
• Professional Management as these firms compete with Multi National Companies 
• Not as significantly impacted by political and social issues 
• Asian Consumer companies could be attractive acquisition/investment targets; Heineken acquired Asia Pacific Breweries at a P/E ratio of 38.0x, KKR invested US$ 359 million into Vietnam based Masan Group at 44.0x earnings
33 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
ASIAN FRONTIER THEME – CONSUMER STOCKS 
Asian Frontier Consumer Stocks are undervalued and some companies have been catching up with Emerging Market valuations over the past year. This has helped generate alpha for the fund. 
Asian Frontier Consumer Picks 
Regional Comparisons 
Source: Bloomberg. P/E based on Trailing 12 Month Earnings, P/B based on most recent reporting period. 
Country 
Company 
P/E (x) 
P/B (x) 
Dividend Yield (%) 
Mongolia 
Consumer Food Products 
9.2 
1.0 
0.6 
Vietnam 
Consumer Food Products 
9.5 
2.4 
5.4 
Sri Lanka 
Consumer Beverage Products 
11.1 
1.1 
1.5 
Bangladesh 
Shoe Retailer 
20.2 
7.3 
2.5 
Pakistan 
Consumer Beverage Products 
21.4 
3.5 
0.6 
Country 
Company 
P/E (x) 
P/B (x) 
Dividend Yield (%) 
Indonesia 
Indofood Sukses Makmur 
15.6 
2.2 
2.2 
Thailand 
President Bakery 
21.1 
4.9 
2.4 
China 
Tsingtao Brewery 
26.4 
3.5 
1.2 
Philippines 
Universal Robina Corp 
40.0 
7.7 
1.6 
India 
Bata India 
41.7 
9.5 
0.5
34 
Diversification has led to Low Correlations for the Fund with Global Markets 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY 
Source: Bloomberg. Correlations based on Monthly Returns and Gross Fund Returns 
AAFF – AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Correlation of AAFF with MSCI Indexes since Inception (30th March 2012) 
Variable 
AAFF 
MSCI World Index 
MSCI Emerging Markets Index 
MSCI BRIC Index 
MSCI Frontier Markets Index 
MSCI World Index 
0.25 
1.00 
MSCI Emerging Markets Index 
0.23 
0.80 
1.00 
MSCI BRIC Index 
0.25 
0.79 
0.98 
1.00 
MSCI Frontier Markets Index 
0.59 
0.62 
0.51 
0.51 
1.00 
MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 
0.81 
0.30 
0.26 
0.24 
0.67 
Correlation of AAFF with MSCI Indexes since May 2013 - Start of Fed Taper Fear 
MSCI World Index 
-0.31 
1.00 
MSCI Emerging Markets Index 
-0.30 
0.77 
1.00 
MSCI BRIC Index 
-0.30 
0.73 
0.98 
1.00 
MCSI Frontier Markets Index 
0.32 
0.48 
0.37 
0.30 
1.00 
MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 
0.76 
0.03 
-0.02 
-0.07 
0.60
35 
Risk Mitigation 
Focus on earnings growth, free cash flow and value as the key driver for high returns 
In-depth due diligence of investment opportunities 
Diversify across sectors and countries to reduce non systematic risk 
Avoid investing in countries / currencies / sectors of which we strategically disapprove 
No leverage Cash 
Not fully invested in uncertain times and/or excessive valuations 
Holding cash will allow the fund to take advantage of opportunistic investments when they arise (momentum / news driven) 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
Top Down Process 
Fiscal position of an economy 
Balance of payments position of an economy 
Foreign reserves and currency outlook 
Interest rate cycle and monetary indicators 
Business cycle 
Demographics 
Analysis of possible winners and losers based on macro conditions. For example, negative on financials in Vietnam and positive on consumer stocks in Bangladesh Bottom Up Process 
Create tools to screen universe for attractive opportunities relative to growth outlook or stocks overlooked by the sell side 
Look for companies valued attractively relative to peers 
Research companies which have unlocked value on balance sheet Other Important Factors 
Look at consistency in cash flows, earnings growth and growth potential 
Management credibility 
Proactive interaction with sell side analysts 
On the ground visits to fund universe countries 
36 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY – RESEARCH PROCESS
37 
FUND INFORMATION 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
38 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
FUND STATISTICS – AFC ASIA FRONTIER FUND 
Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund Class A 
Jan 
Feb 
Mar 
Apr 
May 
Jun 
Jul 
Aug 
Sep 
Oct 
Nov 
Dec 
YTD 
2012 
USD 
+0.91% 
-7.56% 
-0.27% 
-0.26% 
+0.85% 
+3.64% 
-0.96% 
+0.62% 
+3.62% 
+0.15% 
2013 
USD 
+5.99% 
-1.75% 
-0.70% 
+1.12% 
+8.25% 
-2.33% 
-0.54% 
-0.90% 
+0.06% 
-1.45% 
+0.86% 
+3.18% 
+11.83% 
2014 
USD 
+7.34% 
+1.67% 
+2.72% 
+1.53% 
+2.60% 
+0.07% 
+1.59% 
-0.05% 
+2.10% 
+2.52% 
-0.15% 
+24.01% 
2012 
CHF 
-0.29% 
-1.18% 
-2.62% 
+1.62% 
-1.40% 
+1.92% 
-1.82% 
+0.24% 
+2.26% 
-1.39% 
2013 
CHF 
+5.65% 
+0.84% 
+0.62% 
-0.96% 
+11.36% 
-3.46% 
-2.54% 
-0.52% 
-2.64% 
-1.20% 
+0.78% 
+1.60% 
+8.97% 
2014 
CHF 
+9.64% 
-1.12% 
+3.22% 
+1.05% 
+4.19% 
-0.76% 
+3.89% 
+0.92% 
+5.82% 
+3.35% 
+0.09% 
+34.19% 
2014 
EUR 
-3.62% 
+2.81% 
+0.86% 
+3.69% 
-0.33% 
+3.50% 
+1.76% 
+5.69% 
+3.24% 
+0.38% 
+19.16% 
Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund Class B 
Jan 
Feb 
Mar 
Apr 
May 
Jun 
Jul 
Aug 
Sep 
Oct 
Nov 
Dec 
YTD 
2012 
USD 
+0.94% 
-7.55% 
-0.24% 
-0.23% 
+0.88% 
+3.67% 
-0.94% 
+0.64% 
+3.65% 
+0.37% 
2013 
USD 
+6.09% 
-1.77% 
-0.70% 
+1.17% 
+8.45% 
-2.36% 
-0.52% 
-0.87% 
+0.09% 
-1.43% 
+0.89% 
+3.19% 
+12.30% 
2014 
USD 
+7.53% 
+1.72% 
+2.79% 
+1.58% 
+2.67% 
+0.09% 
+1.65% 
-0.03% 
+2.16% 
+2.59% 
-0.13% 
+24.84% 
2014 
CHF 
-1.23% 
+3.42% 
+1.10% 
+4.30% 
-0.76% 
+4.00% 
+0.95% 
+5.97% 
+3.44% 
+0.11% 
+23.15% 
2014 
EUR 
+1.82% 
+5.82% 
+3.33% 
+0.04% 
+11.78% 
NAV as of 30th November 2014 
USD-A 
USD-B 
CHF-A 
CHF-B 
EUR-A 
EUR-B 
NAV 
1,388.80 
1,407.13 
1,441.99 
1,231.46 
1,191.60 
1,117.80 
Since Inception 
+38.88% 
+40.71% 
+44.20% 
+23.15% 
+19.16% 
+11.78% 
Inception Date 
30/03/12 
30/03/12 
30/03/12 
31/01/14 
31/01/14 
31/07/14
39 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non-US) Class A 
Jan 
Feb 
Mar 
Apr 
May 
Jun 
Jul 
Aug 
Sep 
Oct 
Nov 
Dec 
YTD 
2012 
USD 
+0.90% 
-7.56% 
-0.27% 
-0.26% 
+0.85% 
+3.64% 
-0.96% 
+0.61% 
+3.62% 
+0.14% 
2013 
USD 
+5.99% 
-1.75% 
-0.70% 
+1.12% 
+8.25% 
-2.33% 
-0.54% 
-0.90% 
+0.06% 
-1.45% 
+0.86% 
+3.18% 
+11.83% 
2014 
USD 
+7.34% 
+1.67% 
+2.72% 
+1.53% 
+2.60% 
+0.07% 
+1.59% 
-0.05% 
+2.10% 
+2.52% 
-0.15% 
+24.00% 
2012 
CHF 
-0.29% 
-1.18% 
-2.62% 
+1.62% 
-1.40% 
+1.92% 
-1.82% 
+0.24% 
+2.26% 
-1.39% 
2013 
CHF 
+5.65% 
+0.84% 
+0.62% 
-0.96% 
+11.36% 
-3.46% 
-2.54% 
-0.52% 
-2.64% 
-1.20% 
+0.78% 
+1.60% 
+8.97% 
2014 
CHF 
+9.64% 
-1.12% 
+3.22% 
+1.05% 
+4.19% 
-0.76% 
+3.89% 
+0.92% 
+5.82% 
+3.35% 
+0.09% 
+34.19% 
2014 
EUR 
-3.62% 
+2.81% 
+0.86% 
+3.69% 
-0.33% 
+3.50% 
+1.76% 
+5.69% 
+3.24% 
+0.38% 
+19.16% 
Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non-US) Class B 
Jan 
Feb 
Mar 
Apr 
May 
Jun 
Jul 
Aug 
Sep 
Oct 
Nov 
Dec 
YTD 
2012 
USD 
+0.94% 
-7.55% 
-0.24% 
-0.23% 
+0.88% 
+3.67% 
-0.94% 
+0.64% 
+3.65% 
+0.36% 
2013 
USD 
+6.09% 
-1.77% 
-0.70% 
+1.17% 
+8.45% 
-2.36% 
-0.52% 
-0.87% 
+0.09% 
-1.43% 
+0.89% 
+3.19% 
+12.29% 
2014 
USD 
+7.53% 
+1.72% 
+2.79% 
+1.58% 
+2.67% 
+0.09% 
+1.65% 
-0.03% 
+2.16% 
+2.59% 
-0.13% 
+24.84% 
2014 
CHF 
-1.23% 
+3.42% 
+1.10% 
+4.30% 
-0.76% 
+4.00% 
+0.95% 
+5.97% 
+3.44% 
+0.11% 
+23.15% 
2014 
EUR 
+1.82% 
+5.82% 
+3.33% 
+0.40% 
+11.78% 
NAV as of 30th November 2014 
USD-A 
USD-B 
CHF-A 
CHF-B 
EUR-A 
EUR-B 
NAV 
1,388.67 
1,406.99 
1,441.99 
1,231.46 
1,191.60 
1,117.80 
Since Inception 
+38.87% 
+40.70% 
+44.20% 
+23.15% 
+19.16% 
+11.78% 
Inception Date 
30/03/12 
30/03/12 
30/03/12 
31/01/14 
31/01/14 
31/07/14 
FUND STATISTICS – AFC ASIA FRONTIER FUND (NON – US)
40 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
FUND STATISTICS 
900 
940 
980 
1,020 
1,060 
1,100 
1,140 
1,180 
1,220 
1,260 
1,300 
1,340 
1,380 
1,420 
Mar 12 
Apr 12 
May 12 
Jun 12 
Jul 12 
Aug 12 
Sep 12 
Oct 12 
Nov 12 
Dec 12 
Jan 13 
Feb 13 
Mar 13 
Apr 13 
May 13 
Jun 13 
Jul 13 
Aug 13 
Sep 13 
Oct 13 
Nov 13 
Dec 13 
Jan 14 
Feb 14 
Mar 14 
Apr 14 
May 14 
Jun 14 
Jul 14 
Aug 14 
Sep 14 
Oct 14 
Nov 14 
Fund Performance - USD Class A (Net) 
MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund (Net)
41 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
FUND STATISTICS 
850 
950 
1050 
1150 
1250 
1350 
1450 
1550 
1650 
1750 
Mar 12 
Apr 12 
May 12 
Jun 12 
Jul 12 
Aug 12 
Sep 12 
Oct 12 
Nov 12 
Dec 12 
Jan 13 
Feb 13 
Mar 13 
Apr 13 
May 13 
Jun 13 
Jul 13 
Aug 13 
Sep 13 
Oct 13 
Nov 13 
Dec 13 
Jan 14 
Feb 14 
Mar 14 
Apr 14 
May 14 
Jun 14 
Jul 14 
Aug 14 
Sep 14 
Oct 14 
Nov 14 
Fund Performance – USD Class A (Gross) 
MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund (Gross)
42 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
Growth in Fund Size and Number of Clients 
FUND STATISTICS 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
60 
70 
80 
90 
100 
- 
2,000 
4,000 
6,000 
8,000 
10,000 
12,000 
Private Clients (RHS) 
Institutional Clients (RHS) 
Fund size (US$'000) (LHS)
43 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
COUNTRY ALLOCATION 
21.7% 
20.3% 
13.8% 
13.4% 
8.2% 
5.6% 
2.5% 
2.3% 
2.2% 
1.3% 
1.1% 
7.6% 
0% 
5% 
10% 
15% 
20% 
25% 
Country Allocation – 30th November 2014
44 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
SECTOR ALLOCATION 
21.3% 
19.3% 
13.3% 
13.2% 
9.6% 
5.9% 
4.4% 
2.3% 
1.7% 
0.9% 
0.2% 
0.1% 
7.6% 
0% 
5% 
10% 
15% 
20% 
25% 
Sector Allocation – 30th November 2014
45 
Investment Manager: 
Asia Frontier Capital Ltd., Cayman Islands 
Investment Advisor: 
Asia Frontier Investments Ltd., Hong Kong 
Fund Base Currencies: 
USD, EUR, CHF 
Subscription Frequency: 
Monthly, 5 business days before end of month 
Redemption: 
Monthly: 
- 90 days prior notice for class A shares 
- 180 days prior notice for class B shares 
Management Fee: 
1.8% p.a. of NAV for class A shares 
1.5% p.a. of NAV for class B shares 
Performance Fee: 
10% NAV appreciation above 3 month USD-LIBOR +2% and high water mark for class A shares 
8% NAV appreciation above 3 month USD-LIBOR +2% and high water mark for class B shares 
Initial Minimum Investment: 
USD/EUR/CHR 50,000 for US Investors 
USD/EUR/CHR 25,000 for non-US Investors 
FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund
46 
Subsequent Minimum Subscription: 
USD 10,000 for USD shares 
EUR 10,000 for EUR shares 
CHF 10,000 for CHF shares 
Subsequent Subscription Price: 
NAV 
Country/Region Focus: 
Asia Frontier Markets 
Initial Launch Date: 
30 March 2012 
Valuation Day: 
Last day of each calendar month 
Main Custodian Bank: 
Deutsche Bank, Singapore 
Auditor: 
Ernst & Young, Hong Kong 
Administrator: 
Amicorp Fund Services Asia Pte Ltd., Singapore 
Legal Advisor: 
Cayman Islands: Ogier, Hong Kong 
US: Bingham McCutchen LLP, Boston 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS
47 
LEOPARD ASIA FRONTIER FUND 
TERMS AND CONDITIONS 
AFC Umbrella Fund – AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
AFC Umbrella Fund (non US) – AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non US) 
USD - A 
EUR - A 
CHF - A 
USD - B 
EUR - B 
CHF - B 
ISIN No. 
KYG0132A1013 
KYG0132A1278 
KYG0132A1435 
KYG0132A1195 
KYG0132A1351 
KYG0132A1500 
CUSIP No. 
G0132A 101 
G0132A 127 
G0132A 143 
G0132A 119 
G0132A 135 
G0132A 150 
Bloomberg 
LEASFAA KY 
LEASFAE KY 
LEASFAC KY 
LEASFAB KY 
LEASFBE KY 
LEASFBC KY 
Valoren No. 
22307796 
22307800 
22307802 
22307803 
22307804 
22307805 
USD - A 
EUR - A 
CHF - A 
USD - B 
EUR - B 
CHF - B 
ISIN No. 
KYG0133A1004 
KYG0133A1269 
KYG0133A1426 
KYG0133A1186 
KYG0133A1343 
KYG0133A1590 
CUSIP No. 
G0133A 100 
G0133A 126 
G0133A 142 
G0133A 118 
G0133A 134 
G0133A 159 
Bloomberg 
LAFNUAU KY 
LAFNUAE KY 
LAFNUAS KY 
LAFNUBU KY 
LAFNUBE KY 
LAFNUBS KY 
Valoren No. 
22307809 
22307831 
22307834 
22307835 
22307836 
22307838 
FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
47
48 
Bangladesh 
Bhutan 
Cambodia 
Iraq 
Laos 
Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 
141.3 
1.9 
15.7 
229.3 
10.0 
Population (million, 2013) 
156.3 
0.7 
15.4 
34.8 
6.8 
GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 
903.9 
2,665.1 
1,016.4 
6,594.4 
1,476.9 
Key economic characteristics 
Growing middle class and large youth segment 
Based on agriculture, forestry, tourism and the sale of hydroelectric power to India 
Abundant natural resources 
Abundant oil resources and growing middle class 
Abundant natural resources 
Primary stock exchange 
Dhaka Stock Exchange 
Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan 
Cambodia Securities Exchange 
Iraq Stock Exchange 
Lao Securities Exchange 
Key Index 
DSE Broad Index 
n/a 
CSX Composite Index 
ISX General Index 
LSX Composite Index 
Foreigners allowed? 
Yes 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
How many stocks are listed? 
257 
20 
2 
84 
3 
Year established 
1954 
1993 
2011 
2004 
2011 
Market cap (USD billion) 
37.8 
0.2 
0.1 
10.2 
1.1 
Average daily turnover (USD million) 
50.0 
0.05 
0.1 
3.4 
0.1 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
49 
Maldives 
Mongolia 
Myanmar 
Nepal 
Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 
2.3 
11.5 
56.4 
19.3 
Population (million, 2013) 
0.3 
2.9 
51.0 
27.9 
GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 
6,764.9 
3,971.9 
868.7 
692.6 
Key Economic Characteristics 
Principal activities involve tourism, fishing and shipping 
New-found mineral wealth is transforming the traditionally agricultural economy 
Lack of infrastructure and updated financial and banking system 
Industry mainly involves the processing of agricultural products 
Primary stock exchange 
Maldives Stock Exchange 
Mongolian Stock Exchange 
Myanmar Securities Exchange Centre 
Nepal Stock Exchange 
Key Index 
Maldives Stock Exchange Index 
MSE Top-20 Index 
n/a 
NEPSE Index 
Foreigners allowed? 
No 
Yes 
No 
No 
How many stocks are listed? 
6 
336 
2 
322 
Year established 
2008 
1991 
1996 
1992 
Market cap (USD billion) 
0.5 
0.9 
n/a 
4.8 
Average daily turnover (USD million) 
0.001 
0.2 
0.001 
0.5 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
50 
Pakistan 
Papua New Guinea 
Sri Lanka 
Vietnam 
Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 
238.7 
16.0 
65.8 
170.6 
Population (million, 2013) 
182.6 
7.0 
20.8 
89.7 
GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 
1,307.5 
2,282.9 
3,161.7 
1,901.7 
Key economic characteristics 
Workforce is 60 million people strong; endowed with natural gas and oil 
Mineral deposits, including oil, copper, and gold, account for 72% of export earnings 
Tourism and infrastructure development have emerged as important economic activities 
Agriculture's share of GDP declined from 32% in 1990 to 17% in 2009; manufacturing is increasing 
Primary stock exchange 
Karachi Stock Exchange 
Port Moresby Stock Exchange 
Colombo Stock Exchange 
Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange / Hanoi Stock Exchange 
Key Index 
KSE 100 Index 
KSI Index 
CSE All Share Index 
VN Index /VH Index 
Foreigners allowed? 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
How many stocks are listed? 
569 
17 
293 
302/376 
Year established 
1947 
1999 
1985 
2000 
Market cap (USD billion) 
65.1 
51.0 
19.4 
50.1/6.5 
Average daily turnover (USD million) 
72.4 
0.1 
5.0 
110/47.4 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
51 
ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL LTD. Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, Hong Kong Email: th@asiafrontiercapital.com Tel: +852 3904 1015, Fax: +852 3904 1017 Stephen Friel, Marketing Director, Hong Kong Email: sf@asiafrontiercapital.com Tel: +852 3904 1079, Fax: +852 3904 1017 Website: www.asiafrontiercapital.com 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
CONTACT INFORMATION 
Asia Frontier Investments Limited is licensed by SFC Hong Kong for Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management)
This Presentation is presented solely for purposes of discussion to assist prospective investors in determining whether they have a preliminary interest in the investment opportunity described herein. Under no circumstances is it to be used or considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any security or other interest in AFC Asia Frontier Fund, AFC Umbrella Fund or any other fund related thereto (the “Fund”). Offers and sales of interests in the Fund will not be registered under the laws of any jurisdiction and will be made solely to qualified investors under all applicable laws. Potential investors must read the entire Offering Memorandum delivered by the Fund and the disclosure in this Subscription Agreement. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to be binding against, or to create any obligations or commitment on the part of, any potential investor or the Asia Frontier Capital (the “Fund Sponsors”). The Fund Sponsors reserve the right, in their sole and absolute discretion with or without notice, to alter the terms or conditions of this Presentation and the Fund and/or to alter or terminate the potential investment opportunity described herein. Potential investors are not to construe this Presentation as investment, legal or tax advice. Prior to making any potential investment, potential investors should consult with their own legal, investment, accounting, regulatory, tax and other advisors to determine the consequences of the potential investment opportunity described herein and to arrive at an independent evaluation of such potential investment opportunity. By accepting this Presentation, the recipient agrees not to copy, distribute, discuss or otherwise disclose this Presentation or the contents hereof (including the potential investment opportunity described) or any other related information provided by the Fund Sponsors or by its agents to any person other than employees of recipient evaluating this potential investment opportunity on recipient’s behalf without the prior written consent of the Fund Sponsors. While the information contained herein has been obtained from various sources which the Fund Sponsors believe, but does not guarantee, to be reliable, the Fund Sponsors do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied upon as such. No person has been authorized to give any information or make any representation or warranty regarding the subject matter hereof, either express or implied, and, if given or made in this Presentation, in other materials or verbally, such information, representation or warranty cannot and should not be relied upon nor is any representation or warranty made as to the accuracy, content, suitability or completeness of the information, analysis or conclusions or any information furnished in connection herewith contained in this Presentation and it is not to be relied upon as a substitute for independent review of the underlying documents, available due diligence information and such other information as prospective investors may deem appropriate or prudent to review. The Fund Sponsors, their agents, their respective affiliates, and each of their respective shareholders, members, officers, directors, managers, employees, counsel, advisors, consultants and agents (“Representatives”), expressly disclaim any and all liability for express or implied representations or warranties that may be contained in, or for omissions from or inaccuracies in, this Presentation or any other oral or written communication transmitted or made available to a prospective investor or its Representatives. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, nothing contained herein is or shall be relied upon as a promise or representation as to any matter, including, without limitation, the future performance of the potential investment opportunity described herein. None of the Fund Sponsors, their agents, or their respective Representatives is under any obligation to correct any inaccuracies or omissions in this Presentation. Each prospective investor will have the sole responsibility for verifying the accuracy of all information furnished in this Presentation and in any other due diligence information furnished to a prospective investor, and each prospective investor shall have the sole responsibility for determining the value of the potential investment based on assumptions said prospective investor believes to be reasonable. There shall be no recourse against the Fund Sponsors or any of their Representatives in the event of any errors or omissions in the information furnished, the methodology used, the calculations of values or conclusions. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any historical information or information based on past performance included herein is for informational purposes only, has inherent limitations and is not intended to be a representation, warranty or guarantee of future performance. All of the information presented herein is subject to change without notice. Actual returns to potential investors may be lower than the figures shown herein. Projected performance data shown constitutes “forward-looking information” which is based on numerous assumptions and is speculative in nature. Actual results may vary significantly from the values and rates of return projected herein. There can no assurance that the Fund will realize its rate of return objectives or return of investors’ capital. Potential investors should have the financial ability and willingness to accept the risks (including without limitation the risk of loss and lack of liquidity) characteristic of investments in entities such as the Fund. AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND WILL NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR ALL INVESTORS. INTERESTS IN THE FUND WILL INVOLVE A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK AND ARE INTENDED FOR SALE ONLY TO SOPHISTICATED INVESTORS WHO ARE CAPABLE OF UNDERSTANDING AND ASSUMING THE RISKS INVOLVED. INVESTORS MAY LOSE ALL OR SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THEIR INVESTMENT. THE INTERESTS IN THE FUND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY US. STATE OR ANY NON-U.S. JURISDICTION, AND ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND ANY SUCH APPLICABLE LAWS. INTERESTS IN THE FUND HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE US. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR BY THE SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR ANY OTHER RELEVANT JURISDICTION, NOR HAS ANY OTHER AUTHORITY OR COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS MEMORANDUM. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL. 
52 
AFC Asia Frontier Fund 
DISCLAIMER

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AFC Asia Frontier Fund presentation: December 2014

  • 1. CONFIDENTIAL AFC Asia Frontier Fund September 2013 AFC Asia Frontier Fund December 2014
  • 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Executive Summary 3 Why Asian Frontier Markets 4 Introducing Asia Frontier Capital 19 Investment Objective & Strategy 23 Fund Information 37 Fund Terms & Conditions 45 Country Snapshots 48 Contact Information 51 Disclaimer 52 AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Objectives •To achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in listed equities of companies that have their principal business activities in the high-growth Asian frontier markets Fund Overview •The fund universe consists of listed equities from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Iraq, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka and Vietnam •Focus on earnings growth and undervalued stocks as key drivers for returns •Sector focus: Consumer related stocks (Consumer Staples and Consumer Discretionary), Financials and Infrastructure related stocks. Additionally, country specific sectors/stocks such as Tourism in Sri Lanka and Resources in Mongolia and Papua New Guinea •Invest in target countries’ large cap and liquid stocks (core portfolio) and mid to small caps (satellite portfolio). Firm Overview •Asia Frontier Capital, created through a Management Buy Out from Leopard Capital, is headquartered in Hong Kong and is focused on managing the AFC Asia Frontier Fund •The CEO, Thomas Hugger has more than 20 years of investment experience in emerging and frontier markets 3 AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 4. 4 WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS? AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 5. 5 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe Bangladesh Cambodia Iraq Laos Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Pakistan Papua New Guinea Sri Lanka Vietnam
  • 6. 6 Excellent upside potential due to high GDP growth Low Correlation and Diversification at attractive Valuations Increasing Consumption Favourable Demographics AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Manufacturing shift from China
  • 7. 7 Low Correlation to Global Markets Asian Frontier Markets offer significant diversification benefits AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Source: Bloomberg. *Based on 5 years monthly data 0.35 0.81 0.87 0.91 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 MSCI Frontier Asia Index MSCI Frontier Markets Index MSCI BRIC Index MSCI EM Index Correlation with the MSCI World Index
  • 8. 8 Low Correlation to Global Markets Asian Frontier markets are under researched and have the potential to provide returns with low correlations to global markets AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Source: Bloomberg. *Based on 5 years monthly data -0.05 -0.01 0.10 0.28 0.28 0.33 0.36 0.51 0.59 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Correlation with the MSCI World Index ISXGI Index (Iraq) DSE Broad Index (Bangladesh) CSX Index (Cambodia) MSE Top 20 Index (Mongolia) LSXC Index (Laos) KSE All Share Index (Pakistan) Colombo All Share Index (Sri Lanka) VH Index (Vietnam - Hanoi) VN Index (Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh)
  • 9. 9 High GDP Growth Rates High GDP growth of 6.4% expected in 2014 for the AFC Frontier Universe AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 AFC Frontier Universe Growth Rates (%) Source: IMF
  • 10. 10 The AFC Frontier Universe offers attractive investment opportunities as their combined GDP is comparable in size to emerging and developed countries AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Source: IMF GDP of AFC Frontier Universe: USD 833 billion (as of 2013) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 GDP (USD Billion) 27% 25% 19% 15% 7% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0.003% Pakistan Iraq Vietnam Bangladesh Sri Lanka Papua New Guinea Cambodia Mongolia Lao P.D.R. Myanmar Maldives
  • 11. 11 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS The AFC Frontier Universe has a sizeable population which continues to grow and will support future GDP growth AFC Frontier Universe Combined Population: 572 million (as of 2013) Source: IMF 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 Population (millions) 31% 27% 16% 11% 6% 4% 3% 1% 1% 0.005% 0.001% Pakistan Bangladesh Vietnam Myanmar Iraq Sri Lanka Cambodia Papua New Guinea Lao P.D.R. Mongolia Maldives
  • 12. 12 Compared to Developed Markets, the AFC Frontier Universe has a much younger population growing at a faster rate: This supports future economic growth and consumption AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Source: United Nations Population Division. AFC Frontier Universe – A Young and Growing Population 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% AFC Universe North America Northern Europe Western Europe Japan % of Population < 30 Years Old > 50 Years Old 24 37 40 42 45 -0.4% 0.0% 0.4% 0.8% 1.2% 1.6% 0 10 20 30 40 50 AFC Universe North America Northern Europe Western Europe Japan Median Age & Population Growth Median Age (LHS) Population Growth, 2015-2020 (RHS) AFC Frontier Universe is supported by huge young population Developed Markets are not getting younger. AFC Frontier Universe offer young and growing population
  • 13. 13 AFC Asia Frontier Fund Increasing urbanisation will support growth in the Consumer, Infrastructure and Financial sectors WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS The AFC Frontier Universe is Urbanising from a Low Base Rural 20% Urban 80% OECD Members Rural 65% Urban 35% AFC Frontier Universe Source: World Bank
  • 14. 14 AFC Asia Frontier Fund Asian Frontier countries presently have similar demographics to what China had in the 1990s. By 2020 Asian Frontier countries will continue to have a young population relative to China WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS The Shift from China Source: United Nations Population Division Median Age – China in 1990 v/s Asian Frontier countries at present have similar median ages % of Population > Age 60 – China v/s Asian Frontier countries in 2020 Asian Frontier countries’ younger population offer an alternative to China 16.9% 15.5% 12.8% 10.5% 9.4% 8.1% 7.2% 6.6% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% % of Population > Age 60 36 25 20 22 24 24 28 29 31 0 10 20 30 40 Median Age
  • 15. 15 AFC Asia Frontier Fund Combination of young workforce and low wages is attracting manufacturing activities to Asian frontier countries as wages in China increase and the workforce gets greater employment opportunities WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS The Shift from China Source: China Statistical Bulletin, Wage Indicator Foundation, Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers & Exporters Association, General Statistics Office of Vietnam 0 150 300 450 600 750 Bangladesh RMG & Vietnam Export Growth* Bangladesh Vietnam 50 52 68 75 79 100 112 193 251 264 275 282 0 75 150 225 300 Monthly Minimum Wage (USD) *Rebased to 100 (2003). RMG: Ready Made Garments Wages in Asian Frontier countries are amongst the lowest in the region Bangladesh and Vietnam are good examples of the shift of manufacturing from China to neighboring countries
  • 16. 16 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Remittance inflows continue to grow and will support domestic consumption and investment Remittance Inflows supports GDP Growth Source: IMF 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Billion USD Maldives Vietnam Sri Lanka Papua New Guinea Pakistan Myanmar Mongolia Lao PDR Iraq Cambodia Bangladesh
  • 17. 17 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Low Market Cap/GDP relative to Emerging Markets Offers Value Source: Bloomberg, Asia Frontier Capital 4% 8% 11% 27% 27% 34% 36% 39% 40% 41% 43% 46% 61% 62% 95% 100% 120% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% Market Cap. as % of GDP - Asian Frontier v/s Emerging Markets
  • 18. 18 Attractive Valuations Asian Frontier markets offer attractive dividend yields and low Price to Earnings and Price to Book ratios Asian Frontier markets are valued attractively relative to emerging Asian countries AFC Asia Frontier Fund Source: Bloomberg. P/E is based on Trailing 12 Months and P/B is latest reporting period. WHY ASIAN FRONTIER MARKETS Select Asian Frontier Index Valuations Country Index P/E (x) P/B (x) Dividend Yield (%) Laos LSXC 7.8 1.3 7.2 Pakistan KSE100 10.9 1.9 4.7 Vietnam VNINDEX 14.7 2.0 3.7 Sri Lanka CSEALL Share 14.9 2.0 2.3 Emerging Asia Index Valuations Country Index P/E (x) P/B (x) Dividend Yield (%) Malaysia FBMKLCI 16.2 2.2 3.3 Thailand SET 18.6 2.2 2.9 Indonesia JCI 19.1 2.4 1.9 India BSE SENSEX 19.3 3.1 1.4 Philippines PCOMP 20.8 2.9 2.1 Source: Bloomberg. P/E is based on Trailing 12 Months and P/B is latest reporting period.
  • 19. 19 INTRODUCING ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 20. 20 Proven Expertise In Frontier Markets •Asia Frontier Capital Limited was created in June 2013 through a Management Buy Out from Leopard Capital •The founder and CEO, Thomas Hugger, has more than 20 years experience in investing in Frontier Markets •Licensed by SFC Hong Kong for Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) Attractive Equities Identified in Structured Investment Policy •Asia Frontier Capital has identified equities with good upside potential •The Fund has access to numerous primary and secondary research sources •A Structured Investment and Research process is being followed AFC Asia Frontier Fund INTRODUCING ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL
  • 21. Our Team Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, has spent 27 years in private banking and has been investing in Asian and African Frontier Markets since 1993. He is the former Managing Partner, CFO & COO of Leopard Capital; and was previously a Managing Director and Head of Portfolio Management at LGT Bank in Hong Kong. Mr. Hugger was the founding shareholder of one of the largest brokerage companies in Bangladesh. He is also a Certified Financial Investment Analyst (CFIA) and Investment Adviser (Switzerland) and a Certified European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies (EFFAS) Financial Analyst. Ahmed Tabaqchali, CIO of Iraq Investments, is an experienced capital markets professional with over 22 years of experience in MENA markets as well as the US. He is currently a board member of the Credit Bank of Iraq and former Executive Director of NBK Capital, the investment banking arm of the National Bank of Kuwait. Prior to these roles Ahmed was Managing Director and Head of International Institutional Sales at WR Hambrecht + Co. This followed on from roles as a Managing Director at KeyBanc Capital Markets and Director & Head of Capital Markets & Institutional Sales at Jefferies Int'l in London. Ahmed is an Iraqi as well as British national and holds a M.Sc. in Mathematics from Oxford University in England, a B.Sc. (Hons, 1st class) in Mathematics from Victoria University and a B.Sc. in Mathematics from Canterbury University in New Zealand. Ruchir Desai, Senior Investment Analyst, is an MBA graduate in Finance from CUHK Business School at The Chinese University of Hong Kong and is also an alumnus of The Fuqua School of Business at Duke University where he spent a semester during his MBA program. He has passed the Level I & II exam of the CFA Program and is currently a CFA Level III candidate. Prior to being based in Hong Kong, Ruchir was based in Mumbai where he spent two years as a Senior Analyst at HandsOn Ventures LLC, a mid-market private equity group focused on investments in the Business Services industry. Prior to this role, he spent three years as a Research Analyst at Pioneer Investcorp Ltd, an institutional brokerage based in Mumbai. Stephen Friel, Marketing Director, holds a Master of Development Economics with Distinction from University of Queensland and is also an alumnus of CUHK Business School at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Prior to joining Asia Frontier Capital, Stephen supported the launch of a Hong Kong based hedge fund where he conducted research on Japanese equities. He is also a former International Business/Strategy Lecturer at The Queensland University of Technology Business School. His background in Development Economics has seen him spend an extensive amount of time on the ground in emerging and frontier markets such as Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Papua New Guinea, The Philippines and Vanuatu. Scott Osheroff, Regional Research Analyst, holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration with a Concentration in Finance from Northeastern University. Prior to joining Asia Frontier Capital, Scott worked with Pathfinder Capital Management in Southeast Asia and Mongolia. Prior to this role, Scott co-founded a publishing company whose principal asset, EmergingFrontiers.com, was leveraged to provide investment coverage on public and private investments in Asia’s frontier markets. He has spent the last two years between Mongolia and Cambodia. Ms. Margaret Kwok, Accounting & Administration Executive, has over 30 years of prior work experience in accounting, administration, and financial services at institutions such as Christfund Securities, PFC International, and Guoyuan Securities. She holds advanced level certificates in Accounting & Costing from London Chamber of Commerce & Industry and a Certificate in Accountancy from Kwai Chung Technical Institute. Margaret is fluent in Cantonese, Mandarin and English. 21 AFC Asia Frontier Fund OUR TEAM
  • 22. Our Team Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, has spent 27 years in private banking and has been investing in Asian and African Frontier Markets since 1993. He is the former Managing Partner, CFO & COO of Leopard Capital; and was previously a Managing Director and Head of Portfolio Management at LGT Bank in Hong Kong. Mr. Hugger was the founding shareholder of one of the largest brokerage companies in Bangladesh. He is also a Certified Financial Investment Analyst (CFIA) and Investment Adviser (Switzerland) and a Certified European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies (EFFAS) Financial Analyst. Hon. Andrew Fraser, Director, is a graduate of St John's College, Oxford after which he held numerous posts in the financial sector both in the City of London and elsewhere. He has previously held positions as; CEO of Baring Securities in the UK, Chairman of Equity Partners Ltd., a Bangladesh investment bank, as well as Chairman of Bridge Securities, a quoted Korean company, amongst other posts. At present he is a global investor based in London. Dr. Marc Faber, is CEO, investment advisor and fund manager of Marc Faber Limited. He is the publisher of a widely read monthly investment newsletter The Gloom, Boom and Doom report which highlights global investment opportunities. Dr. Faber is respected around the world for his market forecasts over the past three decades. 22 AFC Asia Frontier Fund SHAREHOLDERS OF ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL LIMITED
  • 23. 23 INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE & STRATEGY AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 24. •Achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in listed equities of companies that have their principal business activities in high-growth Asian frontier markets. •The fund focuses primarily on investments in consumer related stocks, financials and infrastructure. •Countries included in the AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe include  Bangladesh  Cambodia  Iraq  Laos  Maldives  Mongolia  Myanmar  Pakistan  Papua New Guinea  Sri Lanka  Vietnam 24 AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
  • 25. 25 Top-down Approach Value / Growth Risk Mitigation Cash AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY
  • 26. •Top – Down Approach Strategic country and currency allocation •Combination of Value and Growth Gain exposure to domestic and structural growth by investing in companies with sound business performance and management, coupled with good expansion strategies Company visits and research (primary and secondary) either by the fund manager or team members •Invest in target countries large cap and liquid stocks (core portfolio) and mid- to small caps (satellite portfolio) •Focus on free cash flow, growth potential and undervalued stocks as key drivers for returns 26 AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY
  • 27. Vinasun (Vietnam Sun Corp), Bloomberg Code: VNS VN •Vinasun is the largest taxi operator in Vietnam with a market share of 42% in Ho Chi Minh City and a fleet size of ~4,000 taxis. •Company is expanding into new cities in 2014 and its competitive advantage is the ease of access to its taxis through a 24 hour call centre as well as online and on the ground presence at airports, hotels and commercial centres which reduces waiting time relative to competition. •Increasing urbanisation is a demand driver for taxi services with urban population at 32% of total population in 2012 as compared to 26% in 2002 •Growth in fleet size is expected to lead to double digit growth in profits and we expect Vinasun can achieve comparable valuations to its regional peers which leaves room for further upside •Currently valued at a trailing 12 month P/E of 9.8x and a P/B of 2.2x. Similar peer, Indonesia based Express Transindo (TAXI IJ) trades at trailing 12 month P/E of 17.4x and a P/B of 2.9x 27 AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY – GROWTH PICK Key Metrics Market Cap. (US$ million) 132.8 Revenue (US$ million) 162.3 Operating Margin (%) 10.3% Net Margin (%) 8.2% RoE (%) 24.5% P/E (x) 9.8x P/B (x) 2.2x Source: Bloomberg. P/E is Trailing 12 Month and P/B is latest reporting period.
  • 28. 28 AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY – VALUE PICK United Motors Lanka PLC, Bloomberg Code: UML SL •The leading auto industry distributor in Sri Lanka with a strategic network across the country •Revenues and net income for the company have grown at a CAGR of 8.8% and 20.4% respectively between FY2008 and FY2014 •Return on Equity at 20.8%, operating margin of 14.2% and unlevered balance sheet with minimal debt •Currently valued very attractively at a P/E of 9.0x based on trailing 12 months earnings and at a P/B of 1.3x •The fund entered this stock when valuations were even more compelling at a P/E of 1.97x and P/B of 0.77x •The stock has appreciated by 137.3% since first purchased but we believe it is still attractively valued given a declining interest rate environment and due to the removal of certain curbs for import of vehicles. The stock also offers a dividend yield of 11.3% Key Metrics Market Cap. (US$ mn) 81.7 Revenue (US$ mn) 106.8 Operating Margin (%) 14.2% Net Margin (%) 11.6% RoE (%) 20.8% P/E (x) 9.0x P/B (x) 1.3x Source: Bloomberg. P/E is Trailing 12 Month and P/B is latest reporting period.
  • 29. 29 Country/Sector Approach In addition to AFC Frontier Fund’s core investment themes (Consumption, Infrastructure, and Financials), the fund is also targeting country-specific sectors that are poised for rapid growth  Agriculture in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam  Textiles in Bangladesh and Pakistan  Travel & Tourism in Cambodia, Maldives and Sri Lanka  Power generation in Laos  Energy in Iraq and Papua New Guinea  Mining in Mongolia and Papua New Guinea AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY
  • 30. 30 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY CONSUMER STOCKS Percentage of Durables in Private Consumption AFC Asia Frontier Fund Universe Per capita income USD PPP (2012) Bangladesh $ 729 Cambodia $ 792 Iraq $ 3,918 Laos $ 1,017 Maldives $ 4,385 Mongolia $ 2,499 Myanmar - Pakistan $ 1,217 PNG $ 1,625 Sri Lanka $ 2,699 Vietnam $ 1,372
  • 31. 31 AFC Asia Frontier Fund WHY CONSUMER STOCKS Consumption Expenditure is Increasing in Frontier Markets 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) BRICS Average Linear (BRICS Average) -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) AFC Country Universe Average Linear (AFC Country Universe Average) $- $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Household final consumption expenditure per capita (USD - constant 2005) Bangladesh Cambodia Iraq Lao PDR Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Pakistan Papua New Guinea Sri Lanka Vietnam AFC Average -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Household final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %) Developed Countries Linear (Developed Countries)
  • 32. 32 AFC Asia Frontier Fund ASIAN FRONTIER THEME – CONSUMER STOCKS AFC Asia Frontier Fund’s key sector allocation – Consumer Stocks Why we like Consumer Stocks: • Demographics of Frontier Markets – Young Population • Increasing disposable income will shift demand for consumer goods • Attractive valuations, free cash flow generation, consistent earnings growth and dividend payout • Is not subject to political interference or heavy government regulation unlike other industries such as Utilities or Infrastructure • Professional Management as these firms compete with Multi National Companies • Not as significantly impacted by political and social issues • Asian Consumer companies could be attractive acquisition/investment targets; Heineken acquired Asia Pacific Breweries at a P/E ratio of 38.0x, KKR invested US$ 359 million into Vietnam based Masan Group at 44.0x earnings
  • 33. 33 AFC Asia Frontier Fund ASIAN FRONTIER THEME – CONSUMER STOCKS Asian Frontier Consumer Stocks are undervalued and some companies have been catching up with Emerging Market valuations over the past year. This has helped generate alpha for the fund. Asian Frontier Consumer Picks Regional Comparisons Source: Bloomberg. P/E based on Trailing 12 Month Earnings, P/B based on most recent reporting period. Country Company P/E (x) P/B (x) Dividend Yield (%) Mongolia Consumer Food Products 9.2 1.0 0.6 Vietnam Consumer Food Products 9.5 2.4 5.4 Sri Lanka Consumer Beverage Products 11.1 1.1 1.5 Bangladesh Shoe Retailer 20.2 7.3 2.5 Pakistan Consumer Beverage Products 21.4 3.5 0.6 Country Company P/E (x) P/B (x) Dividend Yield (%) Indonesia Indofood Sukses Makmur 15.6 2.2 2.2 Thailand President Bakery 21.1 4.9 2.4 China Tsingtao Brewery 26.4 3.5 1.2 Philippines Universal Robina Corp 40.0 7.7 1.6 India Bata India 41.7 9.5 0.5
  • 34. 34 Diversification has led to Low Correlations for the Fund with Global Markets AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY Source: Bloomberg. Correlations based on Monthly Returns and Gross Fund Returns AAFF – AFC Asia Frontier Fund Correlation of AAFF with MSCI Indexes since Inception (30th March 2012) Variable AAFF MSCI World Index MSCI Emerging Markets Index MSCI BRIC Index MSCI Frontier Markets Index MSCI World Index 0.25 1.00 MSCI Emerging Markets Index 0.23 0.80 1.00 MSCI BRIC Index 0.25 0.79 0.98 1.00 MSCI Frontier Markets Index 0.59 0.62 0.51 0.51 1.00 MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 0.81 0.30 0.26 0.24 0.67 Correlation of AAFF with MSCI Indexes since May 2013 - Start of Fed Taper Fear MSCI World Index -0.31 1.00 MSCI Emerging Markets Index -0.30 0.77 1.00 MSCI BRIC Index -0.30 0.73 0.98 1.00 MCSI Frontier Markets Index 0.32 0.48 0.37 0.30 1.00 MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index 0.76 0.03 -0.02 -0.07 0.60
  • 35. 35 Risk Mitigation Focus on earnings growth, free cash flow and value as the key driver for high returns In-depth due diligence of investment opportunities Diversify across sectors and countries to reduce non systematic risk Avoid investing in countries / currencies / sectors of which we strategically disapprove No leverage Cash Not fully invested in uncertain times and/or excessive valuations Holding cash will allow the fund to take advantage of opportunistic investments when they arise (momentum / news driven) AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY
  • 36. Top Down Process Fiscal position of an economy Balance of payments position of an economy Foreign reserves and currency outlook Interest rate cycle and monetary indicators Business cycle Demographics Analysis of possible winners and losers based on macro conditions. For example, negative on financials in Vietnam and positive on consumer stocks in Bangladesh Bottom Up Process Create tools to screen universe for attractive opportunities relative to growth outlook or stocks overlooked by the sell side Look for companies valued attractively relative to peers Research companies which have unlocked value on balance sheet Other Important Factors Look at consistency in cash flows, earnings growth and growth potential Management credibility Proactive interaction with sell side analysts On the ground visits to fund universe countries 36 AFC Asia Frontier Fund INVESTMENT STRATEGY – RESEARCH PROCESS
  • 37. 37 FUND INFORMATION AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 38. 38 AFC Asia Frontier Fund FUND STATISTICS – AFC ASIA FRONTIER FUND Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund Class A Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YTD 2012 USD +0.91% -7.56% -0.27% -0.26% +0.85% +3.64% -0.96% +0.62% +3.62% +0.15% 2013 USD +5.99% -1.75% -0.70% +1.12% +8.25% -2.33% -0.54% -0.90% +0.06% -1.45% +0.86% +3.18% +11.83% 2014 USD +7.34% +1.67% +2.72% +1.53% +2.60% +0.07% +1.59% -0.05% +2.10% +2.52% -0.15% +24.01% 2012 CHF -0.29% -1.18% -2.62% +1.62% -1.40% +1.92% -1.82% +0.24% +2.26% -1.39% 2013 CHF +5.65% +0.84% +0.62% -0.96% +11.36% -3.46% -2.54% -0.52% -2.64% -1.20% +0.78% +1.60% +8.97% 2014 CHF +9.64% -1.12% +3.22% +1.05% +4.19% -0.76% +3.89% +0.92% +5.82% +3.35% +0.09% +34.19% 2014 EUR -3.62% +2.81% +0.86% +3.69% -0.33% +3.50% +1.76% +5.69% +3.24% +0.38% +19.16% Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund Class B Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YTD 2012 USD +0.94% -7.55% -0.24% -0.23% +0.88% +3.67% -0.94% +0.64% +3.65% +0.37% 2013 USD +6.09% -1.77% -0.70% +1.17% +8.45% -2.36% -0.52% -0.87% +0.09% -1.43% +0.89% +3.19% +12.30% 2014 USD +7.53% +1.72% +2.79% +1.58% +2.67% +0.09% +1.65% -0.03% +2.16% +2.59% -0.13% +24.84% 2014 CHF -1.23% +3.42% +1.10% +4.30% -0.76% +4.00% +0.95% +5.97% +3.44% +0.11% +23.15% 2014 EUR +1.82% +5.82% +3.33% +0.04% +11.78% NAV as of 30th November 2014 USD-A USD-B CHF-A CHF-B EUR-A EUR-B NAV 1,388.80 1,407.13 1,441.99 1,231.46 1,191.60 1,117.80 Since Inception +38.88% +40.71% +44.20% +23.15% +19.16% +11.78% Inception Date 30/03/12 30/03/12 30/03/12 31/01/14 31/01/14 31/07/14
  • 39. 39 AFC Asia Frontier Fund Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non-US) Class A Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YTD 2012 USD +0.90% -7.56% -0.27% -0.26% +0.85% +3.64% -0.96% +0.61% +3.62% +0.14% 2013 USD +5.99% -1.75% -0.70% +1.12% +8.25% -2.33% -0.54% -0.90% +0.06% -1.45% +0.86% +3.18% +11.83% 2014 USD +7.34% +1.67% +2.72% +1.53% +2.60% +0.07% +1.59% -0.05% +2.10% +2.52% -0.15% +24.00% 2012 CHF -0.29% -1.18% -2.62% +1.62% -1.40% +1.92% -1.82% +0.24% +2.26% -1.39% 2013 CHF +5.65% +0.84% +0.62% -0.96% +11.36% -3.46% -2.54% -0.52% -2.64% -1.20% +0.78% +1.60% +8.97% 2014 CHF +9.64% -1.12% +3.22% +1.05% +4.19% -0.76% +3.89% +0.92% +5.82% +3.35% +0.09% +34.19% 2014 EUR -3.62% +2.81% +0.86% +3.69% -0.33% +3.50% +1.76% +5.69% +3.24% +0.38% +19.16% Monthly Performances AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non-US) Class B Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YTD 2012 USD +0.94% -7.55% -0.24% -0.23% +0.88% +3.67% -0.94% +0.64% +3.65% +0.36% 2013 USD +6.09% -1.77% -0.70% +1.17% +8.45% -2.36% -0.52% -0.87% +0.09% -1.43% +0.89% +3.19% +12.29% 2014 USD +7.53% +1.72% +2.79% +1.58% +2.67% +0.09% +1.65% -0.03% +2.16% +2.59% -0.13% +24.84% 2014 CHF -1.23% +3.42% +1.10% +4.30% -0.76% +4.00% +0.95% +5.97% +3.44% +0.11% +23.15% 2014 EUR +1.82% +5.82% +3.33% +0.40% +11.78% NAV as of 30th November 2014 USD-A USD-B CHF-A CHF-B EUR-A EUR-B NAV 1,388.67 1,406.99 1,441.99 1,231.46 1,191.60 1,117.80 Since Inception +38.87% +40.70% +44.20% +23.15% +19.16% +11.78% Inception Date 30/03/12 30/03/12 30/03/12 31/01/14 31/01/14 31/07/14 FUND STATISTICS – AFC ASIA FRONTIER FUND (NON – US)
  • 40. 40 AFC Asia Frontier Fund FUND STATISTICS 900 940 980 1,020 1,060 1,100 1,140 1,180 1,220 1,260 1,300 1,340 1,380 1,420 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12 Jul 12 Aug 12 Sep 12 Oct 12 Nov 12 Dec 12 Jan 13 Feb 13 Mar 13 Apr 13 May 13 Jun 13 Jul 13 Aug 13 Sep 13 Oct 13 Nov 13 Dec 13 Jan 14 Feb 14 Mar 14 Apr 14 May 14 Jun 14 Jul 14 Aug 14 Sep 14 Oct 14 Nov 14 Fund Performance - USD Class A (Net) MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index AFC Asia Frontier Fund (Net)
  • 41. 41 AFC Asia Frontier Fund FUND STATISTICS 850 950 1050 1150 1250 1350 1450 1550 1650 1750 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12 Jul 12 Aug 12 Sep 12 Oct 12 Nov 12 Dec 12 Jan 13 Feb 13 Mar 13 Apr 13 May 13 Jun 13 Jul 13 Aug 13 Sep 13 Oct 13 Nov 13 Dec 13 Jan 14 Feb 14 Mar 14 Apr 14 May 14 Jun 14 Jul 14 Aug 14 Sep 14 Oct 14 Nov 14 Fund Performance – USD Class A (Gross) MSCI Frontier Markets Asia Index AFC Asia Frontier Fund (Gross)
  • 42. 42 AFC Asia Frontier Fund Growth in Fund Size and Number of Clients FUND STATISTICS 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 - 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 Private Clients (RHS) Institutional Clients (RHS) Fund size (US$'000) (LHS)
  • 43. 43 AFC Asia Frontier Fund COUNTRY ALLOCATION 21.7% 20.3% 13.8% 13.4% 8.2% 5.6% 2.5% 2.3% 2.2% 1.3% 1.1% 7.6% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Country Allocation – 30th November 2014
  • 44. 44 AFC Asia Frontier Fund SECTOR ALLOCATION 21.3% 19.3% 13.3% 13.2% 9.6% 5.9% 4.4% 2.3% 1.7% 0.9% 0.2% 0.1% 7.6% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Sector Allocation – 30th November 2014
  • 45. 45 Investment Manager: Asia Frontier Capital Ltd., Cayman Islands Investment Advisor: Asia Frontier Investments Ltd., Hong Kong Fund Base Currencies: USD, EUR, CHF Subscription Frequency: Monthly, 5 business days before end of month Redemption: Monthly: - 90 days prior notice for class A shares - 180 days prior notice for class B shares Management Fee: 1.8% p.a. of NAV for class A shares 1.5% p.a. of NAV for class B shares Performance Fee: 10% NAV appreciation above 3 month USD-LIBOR +2% and high water mark for class A shares 8% NAV appreciation above 3 month USD-LIBOR +2% and high water mark for class B shares Initial Minimum Investment: USD/EUR/CHR 50,000 for US Investors USD/EUR/CHR 25,000 for non-US Investors FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS AFC Asia Frontier Fund
  • 46. 46 Subsequent Minimum Subscription: USD 10,000 for USD shares EUR 10,000 for EUR shares CHF 10,000 for CHF shares Subsequent Subscription Price: NAV Country/Region Focus: Asia Frontier Markets Initial Launch Date: 30 March 2012 Valuation Day: Last day of each calendar month Main Custodian Bank: Deutsche Bank, Singapore Auditor: Ernst & Young, Hong Kong Administrator: Amicorp Fund Services Asia Pte Ltd., Singapore Legal Advisor: Cayman Islands: Ogier, Hong Kong US: Bingham McCutchen LLP, Boston AFC Asia Frontier Fund FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS
  • 47. 47 LEOPARD ASIA FRONTIER FUND TERMS AND CONDITIONS AFC Umbrella Fund – AFC Asia Frontier Fund AFC Umbrella Fund (non US) – AFC Asia Frontier Fund (non US) USD - A EUR - A CHF - A USD - B EUR - B CHF - B ISIN No. KYG0132A1013 KYG0132A1278 KYG0132A1435 KYG0132A1195 KYG0132A1351 KYG0132A1500 CUSIP No. G0132A 101 G0132A 127 G0132A 143 G0132A 119 G0132A 135 G0132A 150 Bloomberg LEASFAA KY LEASFAE KY LEASFAC KY LEASFAB KY LEASFBE KY LEASFBC KY Valoren No. 22307796 22307800 22307802 22307803 22307804 22307805 USD - A EUR - A CHF - A USD - B EUR - B CHF - B ISIN No. KYG0133A1004 KYG0133A1269 KYG0133A1426 KYG0133A1186 KYG0133A1343 KYG0133A1590 CUSIP No. G0133A 100 G0133A 126 G0133A 142 G0133A 118 G0133A 134 G0133A 159 Bloomberg LAFNUAU KY LAFNUAE KY LAFNUAS KY LAFNUBU KY LAFNUBE KY LAFNUBS KY Valoren No. 22307809 22307831 22307834 22307835 22307836 22307838 FUND TERMS & CONDITIONS AFC Asia Frontier Fund 47
  • 48. 48 Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia Iraq Laos Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 141.3 1.9 15.7 229.3 10.0 Population (million, 2013) 156.3 0.7 15.4 34.8 6.8 GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 903.9 2,665.1 1,016.4 6,594.4 1,476.9 Key economic characteristics Growing middle class and large youth segment Based on agriculture, forestry, tourism and the sale of hydroelectric power to India Abundant natural resources Abundant oil resources and growing middle class Abundant natural resources Primary stock exchange Dhaka Stock Exchange Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan Cambodia Securities Exchange Iraq Stock Exchange Lao Securities Exchange Key Index DSE Broad Index n/a CSX Composite Index ISX General Index LSX Composite Index Foreigners allowed? Yes No Yes Yes Yes How many stocks are listed? 257 20 2 84 3 Year established 1954 1993 2011 2004 2011 Market cap (USD billion) 37.8 0.2 0.1 10.2 1.1 Average daily turnover (USD million) 50.0 0.05 0.1 3.4 0.1 AFC Asia Frontier Fund COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
  • 49. 49 Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 2.3 11.5 56.4 19.3 Population (million, 2013) 0.3 2.9 51.0 27.9 GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 6,764.9 3,971.9 868.7 692.6 Key Economic Characteristics Principal activities involve tourism, fishing and shipping New-found mineral wealth is transforming the traditionally agricultural economy Lack of infrastructure and updated financial and banking system Industry mainly involves the processing of agricultural products Primary stock exchange Maldives Stock Exchange Mongolian Stock Exchange Myanmar Securities Exchange Centre Nepal Stock Exchange Key Index Maldives Stock Exchange Index MSE Top-20 Index n/a NEPSE Index Foreigners allowed? No Yes No No How many stocks are listed? 6 336 2 322 Year established 2008 1991 1996 1992 Market cap (USD billion) 0.5 0.9 n/a 4.8 Average daily turnover (USD million) 0.001 0.2 0.001 0.5 AFC Asia Frontier Fund COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
  • 50. 50 Pakistan Papua New Guinea Sri Lanka Vietnam Nominal GDP (USD billion, 2013) 238.7 16.0 65.8 170.6 Population (million, 2013) 182.6 7.0 20.8 89.7 GDP per capita (USD, 2013) 1,307.5 2,282.9 3,161.7 1,901.7 Key economic characteristics Workforce is 60 million people strong; endowed with natural gas and oil Mineral deposits, including oil, copper, and gold, account for 72% of export earnings Tourism and infrastructure development have emerged as important economic activities Agriculture's share of GDP declined from 32% in 1990 to 17% in 2009; manufacturing is increasing Primary stock exchange Karachi Stock Exchange Port Moresby Stock Exchange Colombo Stock Exchange Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange / Hanoi Stock Exchange Key Index KSE 100 Index KSI Index CSE All Share Index VN Index /VH Index Foreigners allowed? Yes Yes Yes Yes How many stocks are listed? 569 17 293 302/376 Year established 1947 1999 1985 2000 Market cap (USD billion) 65.1 51.0 19.4 50.1/6.5 Average daily turnover (USD million) 72.4 0.1 5.0 110/47.4 AFC Asia Frontier Fund COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS – KEY FACTS
  • 51. 51 ASIA FRONTIER CAPITAL LTD. Thomas Hugger, CEO and Fund Manager, Hong Kong Email: th@asiafrontiercapital.com Tel: +852 3904 1015, Fax: +852 3904 1017 Stephen Friel, Marketing Director, Hong Kong Email: sf@asiafrontiercapital.com Tel: +852 3904 1079, Fax: +852 3904 1017 Website: www.asiafrontiercapital.com AFC Asia Frontier Fund CONTACT INFORMATION Asia Frontier Investments Limited is licensed by SFC Hong Kong for Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management)
  • 52. This Presentation is presented solely for purposes of discussion to assist prospective investors in determining whether they have a preliminary interest in the investment opportunity described herein. Under no circumstances is it to be used or considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any security or other interest in AFC Asia Frontier Fund, AFC Umbrella Fund or any other fund related thereto (the “Fund”). Offers and sales of interests in the Fund will not be registered under the laws of any jurisdiction and will be made solely to qualified investors under all applicable laws. Potential investors must read the entire Offering Memorandum delivered by the Fund and the disclosure in this Subscription Agreement. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to be binding against, or to create any obligations or commitment on the part of, any potential investor or the Asia Frontier Capital (the “Fund Sponsors”). The Fund Sponsors reserve the right, in their sole and absolute discretion with or without notice, to alter the terms or conditions of this Presentation and the Fund and/or to alter or terminate the potential investment opportunity described herein. Potential investors are not to construe this Presentation as investment, legal or tax advice. Prior to making any potential investment, potential investors should consult with their own legal, investment, accounting, regulatory, tax and other advisors to determine the consequences of the potential investment opportunity described herein and to arrive at an independent evaluation of such potential investment opportunity. By accepting this Presentation, the recipient agrees not to copy, distribute, discuss or otherwise disclose this Presentation or the contents hereof (including the potential investment opportunity described) or any other related information provided by the Fund Sponsors or by its agents to any person other than employees of recipient evaluating this potential investment opportunity on recipient’s behalf without the prior written consent of the Fund Sponsors. While the information contained herein has been obtained from various sources which the Fund Sponsors believe, but does not guarantee, to be reliable, the Fund Sponsors do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied upon as such. No person has been authorized to give any information or make any representation or warranty regarding the subject matter hereof, either express or implied, and, if given or made in this Presentation, in other materials or verbally, such information, representation or warranty cannot and should not be relied upon nor is any representation or warranty made as to the accuracy, content, suitability or completeness of the information, analysis or conclusions or any information furnished in connection herewith contained in this Presentation and it is not to be relied upon as a substitute for independent review of the underlying documents, available due diligence information and such other information as prospective investors may deem appropriate or prudent to review. The Fund Sponsors, their agents, their respective affiliates, and each of their respective shareholders, members, officers, directors, managers, employees, counsel, advisors, consultants and agents (“Representatives”), expressly disclaim any and all liability for express or implied representations or warranties that may be contained in, or for omissions from or inaccuracies in, this Presentation or any other oral or written communication transmitted or made available to a prospective investor or its Representatives. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, nothing contained herein is or shall be relied upon as a promise or representation as to any matter, including, without limitation, the future performance of the potential investment opportunity described herein. None of the Fund Sponsors, their agents, or their respective Representatives is under any obligation to correct any inaccuracies or omissions in this Presentation. Each prospective investor will have the sole responsibility for verifying the accuracy of all information furnished in this Presentation and in any other due diligence information furnished to a prospective investor, and each prospective investor shall have the sole responsibility for determining the value of the potential investment based on assumptions said prospective investor believes to be reasonable. There shall be no recourse against the Fund Sponsors or any of their Representatives in the event of any errors or omissions in the information furnished, the methodology used, the calculations of values or conclusions. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any historical information or information based on past performance included herein is for informational purposes only, has inherent limitations and is not intended to be a representation, warranty or guarantee of future performance. All of the information presented herein is subject to change without notice. Actual returns to potential investors may be lower than the figures shown herein. Projected performance data shown constitutes “forward-looking information” which is based on numerous assumptions and is speculative in nature. Actual results may vary significantly from the values and rates of return projected herein. There can no assurance that the Fund will realize its rate of return objectives or return of investors’ capital. Potential investors should have the financial ability and willingness to accept the risks (including without limitation the risk of loss and lack of liquidity) characteristic of investments in entities such as the Fund. AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND WILL NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR ALL INVESTORS. INTERESTS IN THE FUND WILL INVOLVE A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK AND ARE INTENDED FOR SALE ONLY TO SOPHISTICATED INVESTORS WHO ARE CAPABLE OF UNDERSTANDING AND ASSUMING THE RISKS INVOLVED. INVESTORS MAY LOSE ALL OR SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THEIR INVESTMENT. THE INTERESTS IN THE FUND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY US. STATE OR ANY NON-U.S. JURISDICTION, AND ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND ANY SUCH APPLICABLE LAWS. INTERESTS IN THE FUND HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE US. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR BY THE SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR ANY OTHER RELEVANT JURISDICTION, NOR HAS ANY OTHER AUTHORITY OR COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS MEMORANDUM. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL. 52 AFC Asia Frontier Fund DISCLAIMER