Adjectives describe or modify nouns and pronouns, such as describing a hat as "red" or a rabbit as "quick". There are several types of adjectives including proper adjectives derived from proper nouns, descriptive adjectives showing qualities, quantitative adjectives showing amounts, and demonstrative adjectives pointing out specific nouns. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs by describing manner, place, time, frequency or degree. Many adverbs end in "-ly" such as "quickly". Examples of commonly used adverbs include "quickly", "loudly", and "happily". Both adjectives and adverbs are used to

1. ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB

2. WHAT IS ADJECTIVE?
Adjectives are words that are used to describe or
modify nouns or pronouns.
For example, red, quick, happy, and obnoxious are
adjectives because they can describe things—a red
hat, the quick rabbit, a happy duck.

3. EXAMPLE
• He writes meaningless letters.
• This shop is much nicer.
• She wore a beautiful dress.
• Ben is an adorable baby.
• Linda's hair is gorgeous.

4. TYPES OF ADJECTIVES
• A proper adjective is one derived from a proper noun. For example, “The English language”,
“The Indian Ocean”, “The Victorian attitude.
• A descriptive, qualitative or attributive adjective is one that shows the kind and quality of a
person or thing. For example, “A brave person.”, “A beautiful child.”, “A careful mother.”
Some attributive adjectives are derived from nouns, e.g. a law college, a flower garden, pay-
day.
• A quantitative adjective is one that shows how much (quantity) of a thing is meant. For
example, I did not eat any apple, he ate much bread, you drink little milk.
A quantitative adjective is always followed by a singular material or abstract noun.
• A numeral adjective is one that shows the number or serial order of persons or things.
They are further divided into two main classes.

5. • Definite numerals show some exact number. They are of three kinds
• Cardinals (One, two, three, four)
• Ordinals (First, second, third, fourth)
• Multiplicatives (Single, double, triple, quadruple)
• Indefinite numerals do not show an exact number e.g. all, some, enough,
none, many, few, several etc.
• A demonstrative adjective is one that points out which person or thing is
meant, e.g. this boy, that person, those men.
• A Distributive adjective is one that refers to each one of a number. They are
four in number; each, every, either, neither.
• An interrogative adjective is used to ask a question. For
example, “Whose pen is this?”, “What book is that?”, “Which flower do you
like best?”
• Possessive adjective: The words my, our, your, his, her, its, their, when used
before a noun, are called possessive adjectives.

6. WHAT IS ADVERB?
• An adverb is a word that can modify a verb, an
adjective, or another adverb. Lots of adverbs end "-ly."
For example: She swims quickly. (Here, the adverb
"quickly" modifies the verb "swims.") She is an
extremely quick swimmer.

7. EXAMPLE OF ADVERB
• Some adverbs commonly used to express this are;
“quickly,” “quietly,” “fast,” “slowly,” “immediately,”
“simultaneously,” “loudly,” “angrily,” “carefully,”
“eagerly,” “easily,” “energetically,” “happily,”
“slowly,” “wistfully,” etc.

8. ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB
• Our holiday was too short –the time passed very quickly
• Two people were seriously injured in the accident.
• Sam is a careful driver. Sam drove carefully
• We didn't go out because of the heavy rain.
• We didn't go out because it was raining heavily
• She speaks perfect English. She speaks English perfectly.