Accounting provides essential financial information about a company's past performance and can help predict future performance. It begins with recording transactions, which are events that affect a company's financial position. Accountants prepare three main financial statements - the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows - to assess where a company stands financially. The balance sheet provides a snapshot of assets, liabilities, and owner's equity at a point in time, while the income statement shows revenues and expenses over a period of time. Accounting helps managers make informed decisions and ensures compliance with relevant laws.