According to A I theory, the correlation between cognitive style and intelligence is expected to be (ideally): small and negative zero large positive or negative small and positive Question 13 0.5 pts A paradigm is: a residual puzzle within a theory consensually held beliefs that define a theory an unchangeable element of a theory a perfect model of a theory Which of the following statements is NOT true: Communication depends on agreed cognitive structure. A concept is a form of structure. Innovators can manage without mental structure. A paradigm is a form of structure. Question 15 In response to a particular technical domain: Adaptors frequently challenge the core assumptions Innovators will only produce ideas outside the boundary Innovators tend to view fine-tuning at the core unappealing Adaptors will only produce ideas inside the boundary If the boundary of a concept changes too frequently, it will be difficult for an individual to find meaning in that concept. On the other hand, if the boundary of a concept is not flexible enough to accommodate new, relevant data, the concept will not be useful. This situation is an example of: the pendulum of change science in crisis the paradox of structure rule-based learning Question 17 0.5 pts Kirton describes coping behavior as: Is only required by more innovative people in adaptive climates Requires less effort when a more adaptive person is doing the coping Can eventually cause a change in preferred style, if practiced long enough Requires effort in proportion to duration and distance from preferred style Which of the following is NOT an example of potential level? experience intelligence innate talent aptitude Question 19 Which of the following is NOT an example of manifest level? management competency years of experience aptitude for mathematics communication skills Kirton's Adaption-Innovation (A-I) theory describes cognitive style as: a person's ability to make change a person's preferred way of bringing about change a person's willingness to make any changes at all how a person copes with change Question 21 According to Kirton, the principal elements of problem solving are: construction, learning, and instinct style, level, motive, and opportunity creativity, innovation, and change boundary, elements, and order In Kirton's A-I theory, when it comes to dealing with rules: Intelligent people don't need them Adaptors always abide by them Adaptors appreciate them more readily Innovators always break them Question 23 According to Kuhn, during periods of normal science: the current paradigm is entirely replaced the current paradigm is refined and modified the current paradigm goes unchanged the paradigm is of less importance.