The document discusses the process of academic writing. It outlines four main steps: creating (pre-writing), planning (outlining), writing, and polishing. For each step, it provides sub-steps and examples to illustrate the process. The pre-writing step involves choosing a topic, generating ideas, and making sublists. The planning step is about writing a topic sentence and outlining. The writing step applies the outline to an initial draft. Finally, the polishing step revises, edits, and finalizes the copy.