2. A 1908 novel about a young woman in the repressed culture of Edwardian England
3. Merchant Ivory Productions The expression "Merchant-Ivory film" has made its way into common parlance, to denote a particular genre of film rather than the actual production company. The heyday of this genre was the 1980s and 1990s. A typical "Merchant-Ivory film" would be a period piece set in the early 20th century, usually in Edwardian England, featuring lavish sets and top British actors portraying genteel characters who suffer from disillusion and tragic entanglements. A film company founded by director James Ivory and producer Ismail Merchant, and films were usually scripted by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. The films were often based upon novels or short stories, particularly the work of Henry James, E. M. Forster.