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PENYAKIT RABIES
 Adalah penyakit infeksi akut pada susunan saraf pusat
yang disebabkan oleh virus rabies
 Termasuk penyakit zoonosis
 Penularan ; terutama melalui gigitan hewan pembawa
 Anjing menjadi host sekaligus vektor utama virus rabies .
 Hewan lain yang dilaporkan sebagai pembawa rabies
(sylvatic rabies) adalah kucing, monyet, kelelawar,
srigala, rakun,
VIRUS RABIES
Ordo : Mononegavirales
Famili: Rhaddoviridae
Genus : Lyssavirus
- Genom : single strain RNA
- Bentuk seperti peluru
- Ukuran : 180-75 nm
- Memiliki selubung
Sifat virus
 Inaktif pada 56˚C
 Mati dengan deterjen/sabun,
etanol 45%,sol iodium
 Patogenesis Rabies :
 Masuk melalui kulit/mukosa yang terbuka/terluka, luka
gigitan, cakaran hewan, penjilatan hewan,donor
terinfeksi .
 Virus tidak dapat masuk kedalam tubuh melalui kulit
yang sehat.
 Masa inkubasi rabies
Bervariasinya :1 minggu) -beberapa tahun.
umumnya : 1 – 2 bulan
Perkembangan penyakit tergantung pada :
- Lokasi gigitan
- keparahan luka gigitan,
- konsentrasi virus dalam gigitan,
- spesies hewan pembawa,
- strain virus.
- status imun penderita
- Jaringan target virus rabies adalah jaringan syaraf di
system syaraf pusat. replikasi virus sangat eksklusif di
neuron
-Virus tersebut mencapai jaringan otak secara neurogenik,
yaitu malalui serabut syaraf.
- Virus bertahan di tempat gigitan selama beberapa jam
atau bahkan minggu.
- Produk kontaminan langsung dari air liur hewan
pembawa memasuki serabut syaraf pada ujung serabut
syaraf yang tidak bermyelin.
- virus menular antar sel melalui reseptor permukaan.
- Sedangkan penyebaran di sumsum tulang belakang dan
susunan syaraf pusat dapat saja terjadi bersama cairan
serebrospinal.
- Setelah memperbanyak diri di otak, virus selanjutnya
menjalar secara sentrifugal menuju berbagai organ.
- Penjalaran ke kelenjar ludah sebenarnya merupakan
stadium akhir infeksi,
- Di kelenjar ludah, virus memperbanyak diri pada sel-sel
acinar dan dikeluarkan bersama aliran ludah.
Gejala
8-rabies-141112045300-conversion-gate02.ppt

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8-rabies-141112045300-conversion-gate02.ppt

  • 1.
  • 2. PENYAKIT RABIES  Adalah penyakit infeksi akut pada susunan saraf pusat yang disebabkan oleh virus rabies  Termasuk penyakit zoonosis  Penularan ; terutama melalui gigitan hewan pembawa  Anjing menjadi host sekaligus vektor utama virus rabies .  Hewan lain yang dilaporkan sebagai pembawa rabies (sylvatic rabies) adalah kucing, monyet, kelelawar, srigala, rakun,
  • 3. VIRUS RABIES Ordo : Mononegavirales Famili: Rhaddoviridae Genus : Lyssavirus - Genom : single strain RNA - Bentuk seperti peluru - Ukuran : 180-75 nm - Memiliki selubung
  • 4. Sifat virus  Inaktif pada 56˚C  Mati dengan deterjen/sabun, etanol 45%,sol iodium
  • 5.  Patogenesis Rabies :  Masuk melalui kulit/mukosa yang terbuka/terluka, luka gigitan, cakaran hewan, penjilatan hewan,donor terinfeksi .  Virus tidak dapat masuk kedalam tubuh melalui kulit yang sehat.  Masa inkubasi rabies Bervariasinya :1 minggu) -beberapa tahun. umumnya : 1 – 2 bulan
  • 6. Perkembangan penyakit tergantung pada : - Lokasi gigitan - keparahan luka gigitan, - konsentrasi virus dalam gigitan, - spesies hewan pembawa, - strain virus. - status imun penderita
  • 7. - Jaringan target virus rabies adalah jaringan syaraf di system syaraf pusat. replikasi virus sangat eksklusif di neuron -Virus tersebut mencapai jaringan otak secara neurogenik, yaitu malalui serabut syaraf. - Virus bertahan di tempat gigitan selama beberapa jam atau bahkan minggu. - Produk kontaminan langsung dari air liur hewan pembawa memasuki serabut syaraf pada ujung serabut syaraf yang tidak bermyelin. - virus menular antar sel melalui reseptor permukaan. - Sedangkan penyebaran di sumsum tulang belakang dan susunan syaraf pusat dapat saja terjadi bersama cairan serebrospinal. - Setelah memperbanyak diri di otak, virus selanjutnya menjalar secara sentrifugal menuju berbagai organ. - Penjalaran ke kelenjar ludah sebenarnya merupakan stadium akhir infeksi, - Di kelenjar ludah, virus memperbanyak diri pada sel-sel acinar dan dikeluarkan bersama aliran ludah.