1. Highlights of MICS/DHS in selected
Sub-Saharan African Countries
 MICS and DHS help allow for analysis of
HWWS data based
 Level of education
 Wealth quintiles
 Rural vs. Urban
 Religion
 Ethnicity
1

2. Proportion of households where place for hand washing was observed
and water and soap* was available by wealth quintile
Sub-Saharan Africa
Source: UNICEF special tabulation based on the most recent MICS or DHS survey from Sub-Saharan Africa countries with data
available 2006-2010: Rwanda DHS 2010, Malawi DHS 2010, DRC MICS 2010, Mali DHS 2006, Sierra Leone MICS 2010,
Senegal DHS 2010-11, Zimbabwe DHS 2010 and Swaziland MICS 2010-11
*Or other locally used cleansing agent #
Water/tap

3. Level of education has a direct correlation
with soap+water at place for handwashing
Education level and HWWS in HHs
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
presence of
d
b
o
v
e
s
r
soap and
20.0 water
10.0
0.0
w
p
g
d
n
h
o
e
s
a
r
t
f
,
i
m
%
No education, preschool Primary Secondary Higher
w
H
p
h
o
b
u
n
a
c
s
e
r
f
l
Education level of head of household
Source DHS 2010 Zimbabwe 3

4. Level of education has a positive correlation with
presence of handwashing places in households.
Source DHS and MICS Country reports 4

5. Residents of urban areas are more likely to have a
place for hwws with soap and water
Source DHS and MICS Country reports
5