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1
2
From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc ., 233 N.
Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All
rights res erved. © Peter Davey, Bruc e Coleman, Inc .   3
Visual yang baik jika berfungsi:

1.   Jelas dan mudah difahami
2.   Tidak terlalu mudah atau susah.
3.   Mendorong interaksi aktif
4.   Membantu fokus perhatian




                                       4
Soalnya bagaimana semua ciri ini
dapat dipenuhi:




                                   5
KONSEP DAN FUNGSI VISUAL
3 bentuk visual:
1. Fotografik
2. Elektronik      Realistik
3. Grafik -         simbolik:
   a. Visual analogik - simbol
   b. Visual organisasi - graf, peta

                                       6
ELEMEN REKA BENTUK VISUAL
 - bahan-bahan asas yang diperlukan

                   ELEMEN GRAFIK


 Ruang                 Garis          Permukaan


Bentuk 3 Dimensi                   Bentuk 2 Dimensi




                                                      7
1. Ruang (Space)
Ruang Positif - Ruang yang digunakan
Ruang Negatif - Ruang yang kosong



                               Ruang
                               Positif

                                   Ruang
                                   Negatif
                                         8
2. Garis
- elemen ringkas dan amat mustahak
- 2 dimensi - lakaran pensil
- 3 dimensi - tali




     2 dimensi            3 dimensi
                                      9
a. Pergerakan




                10
b. Suasana aman atau ganas




                             11
c. kemegahan




               12
d. kekusutan




               13
e. Objek/benda




                 14
f. menghubungkan elemen




                          15
3. Permukaan
- untuk membezakan permukaan kasar
  dan licin




                                     16
4.Bentuk 2 Dimensi
- hanya ada panjang dan lebar




2 dimensi
                                17
5. Bentuk 3 Dimensi
- ada panjang, lebar, tinggi
a. 3 dimensi sebenar
b. 3 dimensi tiruan




                               18
a. 3 Dimensi sebenar




                       19
b. 3 Dimensi tiruan




From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Mic higan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All
rig hts reserved. World Book photos by James Simek




                                                                                                       20
b. 3 Dimensi Sebenar?




                        21
PRINSIP ASAS GRAFIK
- iaitu kaedah atau cara menggunakan
  elemen grafik supaya menarik dan
  berkesan




                                       22
6 Prinsip Grafik
a. Simplisiti
b. Dominan
c. Pola
d. Seimbang
e. Variasi
f. Harmoni



                   23
1. Simplisiti:


         Senang Dibaca
         Susah Dibaca

                         24
2 Dominan:
- pusat tumpuan minat


          41%              20%


          25%
                           14 %




           Rule of Third
                                  25
Cara mencapai dominan:
a. Peraturan Rule of Third
b. Warna dan saiz yang kontras
c. Saiz yang lebih besar
d. Menggunakan anak panah
e. Menggunakan garis berarah
f. Wujudkan gerakan
g. Menggunakan lampu yang memancar


                                     26
a. Peraturan Rule of Third




                             27
b. Warna yang kontras




                        28
c. Saiz yang lebih besar




                           29
d. Menggunakan anak panah




   From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite
   2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rig hts reserved. Image f rom The Dynamic Human:
   the 3D visual guide to anatomy and physio logy, © Wm. C. Brow n Publisher, 1996.



                                                                                      30
e. Menggunakan garis berarah




                               31
f. Wujudkan gerakan




  From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N.
  Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chic ago, IL 60601. All
  rights res erved. World Book diagram by Art Grebetz    32
g. Menggunakan cahaya yang memancar




                                      33
3 Pola:
- susunan item-item:
Tujuan:
a. Menarik penglihatan ke arah item
   utama
b. Menggerakkan mata kepada
   keseluruhan visual dalam arah yang
   betul
c. Mengekalkan penglihatan untuk ke arah
   persembahan sehingga titik terakhir
                                      34
a. Menarik perhatian kepada item utama




From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rig hts reserved.
World Book illustrations by Paul D. Turnbaugh                                                                           35
b.Menggerakkan mata kepada keseluruhan
       visual dalam arah yang betul




From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Mic higan Av enue, Suite 2000, Chicago, I 60601. All rights res erved.
                                                                                        L
World Book illustrations by Jean Helmer
                                                                                                                         36
c. Mengekalkan penglihatan untuk ke arah
      persembahan sehingga titik terakhir




From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rights reserved.
World Book diagrams by Arthur Grebetz                                                                                  37
Seimbang:
- supaya tidak nampak janggal

- 2 jenis:
  a. Seimbang formal
  b. Seimbang tidak formal



                                38
a. Seimbang formal




                     39
b. Seimbang tidak formal




                           40
5 Variasi
- seharusnya menimbulkan perasaan
  seolah-olah visual itu bergerak




                                    41
5.3.6 Harmoni:
- suasana harmoni mententeramkan jiwa.
- Grafik perlu menunjukkan kesinambungan
  idea




                                           42
4 .WARNA:
- mencorakkan paras sesuatu
   permukaan yang digunakan

1. Kromatik-warna natural
2. Akromatik
                 WARNA
      KROMATIK           AKROMATIK

HIU     VALIU      KROMA VALIU       KROMA


                                             43
Pemilihan warna
4 Fungsi warna:
a. Penegasan dan wujudkan tumpuan
b. Mudahkan item dilihat
c. Perasaan harmoni
d. Kesan tertentu




                                    44
3 kategori warna untuk melahirkan kesan
   tertentu:
a. Warna panas - merah,jingga, kuning
b. Warna sejuk - biru, ungu, hijau
c. Warna psikologi - merah - Tahun Baru Cina




                                        45
5. HURUF
- perkataan akan dapat meningkatkan
  keberkesanan sesuatu paparan visual
 7 perkara penggunaan huruf:
 a. Stail huruf
 b. Bilangan stail huruf
 c. Huruf besar dan huruf kecil
 d. Warna huruf
 e. Saiz huruf
 f. jarak antar huruf
 g. Jarak antara baris
                                        46
1. Stail Huruf:



AAA                          A A
Roman     Gotik   Cursive   Teks   Novelti




                                             47
2 .Bilangan Stail Huruf
- tidak lebih 3 stail
  Bagi memastikan
  visual yang
  dihasilkan
  kelihatan menarik,
Bagi memastikan dari dihasilkan kelihatan
  elak visual yang
  menggunakan
menarik, elak dari menggunakan terlalu banyak stail
huruf
  terlalu banyak stail huruf
                                                  48
3 HURUF BESAR dan huruf kecil

    KISAH SI ISTERI
 Adapun Pak Pandir tidaklah dapat
 menahan lagi dengan karenah isterinya
 yang sangat kuat membebel….




                                         49
5 Saiz Huruf


       Saiz Huruf
       Saiz Huruf
       Saiz Huruf
       Saiz Huruf




                    50
4 WARNA HURUF


   …Aku Terpenjara…

   …Aku Terpenjara…


                      51
6 . Jarak Antara Huruf

Jarak Antara
 Huruf
Jarak Antara
 Huruf
Jarak
 Antara                  52
7 Jarak Antara baris

 - single
- double




                       53
RUMUSAN:

 Visual yang berkualiti akan meninggalkan
 kesan mendalam, menyemai nilai estetika
 dan menimbulkan disiplin yang positif
 kepada pelajar




                                       54
tamat




        55

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5 asas grafik (1)

  • 1. 1
  • 2. 2
  • 3. From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc ., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rights res erved. © Peter Davey, Bruc e Coleman, Inc . 3
  • 4. Visual yang baik jika berfungsi: 1. Jelas dan mudah difahami 2. Tidak terlalu mudah atau susah. 3. Mendorong interaksi aktif 4. Membantu fokus perhatian 4
  • 5. Soalnya bagaimana semua ciri ini dapat dipenuhi: 5
  • 6. KONSEP DAN FUNGSI VISUAL 3 bentuk visual: 1. Fotografik 2. Elektronik Realistik 3. Grafik - simbolik: a. Visual analogik - simbol b. Visual organisasi - graf, peta 6
  • 7. ELEMEN REKA BENTUK VISUAL - bahan-bahan asas yang diperlukan ELEMEN GRAFIK Ruang Garis Permukaan Bentuk 3 Dimensi Bentuk 2 Dimensi 7
  • 8. 1. Ruang (Space) Ruang Positif - Ruang yang digunakan Ruang Negatif - Ruang yang kosong Ruang Positif Ruang Negatif 8
  • 9. 2. Garis - elemen ringkas dan amat mustahak - 2 dimensi - lakaran pensil - 3 dimensi - tali 2 dimensi 3 dimensi 9
  • 11. b. Suasana aman atau ganas 11
  • 16. 3. Permukaan - untuk membezakan permukaan kasar dan licin 16
  • 17. 4.Bentuk 2 Dimensi - hanya ada panjang dan lebar 2 dimensi 17
  • 18. 5. Bentuk 3 Dimensi - ada panjang, lebar, tinggi a. 3 dimensi sebenar b. 3 dimensi tiruan 18
  • 19. a. 3 Dimensi sebenar 19
  • 20. b. 3 Dimensi tiruan From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Mic higan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rig hts reserved. World Book photos by James Simek 20
  • 21. b. 3 Dimensi Sebenar? 21
  • 22. PRINSIP ASAS GRAFIK - iaitu kaedah atau cara menggunakan elemen grafik supaya menarik dan berkesan 22
  • 23. 6 Prinsip Grafik a. Simplisiti b. Dominan c. Pola d. Seimbang e. Variasi f. Harmoni 23
  • 24. 1. Simplisiti: Senang Dibaca Susah Dibaca 24
  • 25. 2 Dominan: - pusat tumpuan minat 41% 20% 25% 14 % Rule of Third 25
  • 26. Cara mencapai dominan: a. Peraturan Rule of Third b. Warna dan saiz yang kontras c. Saiz yang lebih besar d. Menggunakan anak panah e. Menggunakan garis berarah f. Wujudkan gerakan g. Menggunakan lampu yang memancar 26
  • 27. a. Peraturan Rule of Third 27
  • 28. b. Warna yang kontras 28
  • 29. c. Saiz yang lebih besar 29
  • 30. d. Menggunakan anak panah From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rig hts reserved. Image f rom The Dynamic Human: the 3D visual guide to anatomy and physio logy, © Wm. C. Brow n Publisher, 1996. 30
  • 31. e. Menggunakan garis berarah 31
  • 32. f. Wujudkan gerakan From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chic ago, IL 60601. All rights res erved. World Book diagram by Art Grebetz 32
  • 33. g. Menggunakan cahaya yang memancar 33
  • 34. 3 Pola: - susunan item-item: Tujuan: a. Menarik penglihatan ke arah item utama b. Menggerakkan mata kepada keseluruhan visual dalam arah yang betul c. Mengekalkan penglihatan untuk ke arah persembahan sehingga titik terakhir 34
  • 35. a. Menarik perhatian kepada item utama From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rig hts reserved. World Book illustrations by Paul D. Turnbaugh 35
  • 36. b.Menggerakkan mata kepada keseluruhan visual dalam arah yang betul From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Mic higan Av enue, Suite 2000, Chicago, I 60601. All rights res erved. L World Book illustrations by Jean Helmer 36
  • 37. c. Mengekalkan penglihatan untuk ke arah persembahan sehingga titik terakhir From World Book © 2003 World Book, Inc., 233 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. All rights reserved. World Book diagrams by Arthur Grebetz 37
  • 38. Seimbang: - supaya tidak nampak janggal - 2 jenis: a. Seimbang formal b. Seimbang tidak formal 38
  • 40. b. Seimbang tidak formal 40
  • 41. 5 Variasi - seharusnya menimbulkan perasaan seolah-olah visual itu bergerak 41
  • 42. 5.3.6 Harmoni: - suasana harmoni mententeramkan jiwa. - Grafik perlu menunjukkan kesinambungan idea 42
  • 43. 4 .WARNA: - mencorakkan paras sesuatu permukaan yang digunakan 1. Kromatik-warna natural 2. Akromatik WARNA KROMATIK AKROMATIK HIU VALIU KROMA VALIU KROMA 43
  • 44. Pemilihan warna 4 Fungsi warna: a. Penegasan dan wujudkan tumpuan b. Mudahkan item dilihat c. Perasaan harmoni d. Kesan tertentu 44
  • 45. 3 kategori warna untuk melahirkan kesan tertentu: a. Warna panas - merah,jingga, kuning b. Warna sejuk - biru, ungu, hijau c. Warna psikologi - merah - Tahun Baru Cina 45
  • 46. 5. HURUF - perkataan akan dapat meningkatkan keberkesanan sesuatu paparan visual 7 perkara penggunaan huruf: a. Stail huruf b. Bilangan stail huruf c. Huruf besar dan huruf kecil d. Warna huruf e. Saiz huruf f. jarak antar huruf g. Jarak antara baris 46
  • 47. 1. Stail Huruf: AAA A A Roman Gotik Cursive Teks Novelti 47
  • 48. 2 .Bilangan Stail Huruf - tidak lebih 3 stail Bagi memastikan visual yang dihasilkan kelihatan menarik, Bagi memastikan dari dihasilkan kelihatan elak visual yang menggunakan menarik, elak dari menggunakan terlalu banyak stail huruf terlalu banyak stail huruf 48
  • 49. 3 HURUF BESAR dan huruf kecil KISAH SI ISTERI Adapun Pak Pandir tidaklah dapat menahan lagi dengan karenah isterinya yang sangat kuat membebel…. 49
  • 50. 5 Saiz Huruf Saiz Huruf Saiz Huruf Saiz Huruf Saiz Huruf 50
  • 51. 4 WARNA HURUF …Aku Terpenjara… …Aku Terpenjara… 51
  • 52. 6 . Jarak Antara Huruf Jarak Antara Huruf Jarak Antara Huruf Jarak Antara 52
  • 53. 7 Jarak Antara baris - single - double 53
  • 54. RUMUSAN: Visual yang berkualiti akan meninggalkan kesan mendalam, menyemai nilai estetika dan menimbulkan disiplin yang positif kepada pelajar 54
  • 55. tamat 55