2. The ïŹnal events in the life of Christ
seem to happen very quickly
Probably the plot of the leaders to
kill Jesus is ïŹnalised by Tuesday -
they do not want it to happen
during the Passover as Jesus is still
popular
Blomberg suggests their original
plan might have been changed as
they end up arresting Jesus at
night and during the Passover
There is nothing that we can say
deïŹnitely happened on the
Wednesday - so we move on to
Thursday night...
Thursday, 10 October 13
31. Then Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief
priests to betray Jesus to them. 11Â They were delighted to
hear this and promised to give him money. So he watched
for an opportunity to hand him over.
12 On the ïŹrst day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread,
when it was customary to sacriïŹce the Passover lamb,
Jesusâ disciples asked him, âWhere do you want us to go
and make preparations for you to eat the Passover?â
13Â So he sent two of his disciples, telling them, âGo into
the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you.
Follow him.14Â Say to the owner of the house he enters,
âThe Teacher asks: where is my guest room, where I may
eat the Passover with my disciples?â 15Â He will show you
a large room upstairs, furnished and ready. Make
preparations for us there.â
Thursday, 10 October 13
32. 16Â The disciples left, went into the city and found things
just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the
Passover.
17Â When evening came, Jesus arrived with the Twelve.
18Â While they were reclining at the table eating, he said,
âTruly I tell you, one of you will betray me â one who is
eating with me.â
19Â They were saddened, and one by one they said to him,
âSurely you donât mean me?â
20Â âIt is one of the Twelve,âhe replied, âone who dips bread
into the bowl with me. 21Â The Son of Man will go just as it
is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the
Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been
born.â
Thursday, 10 October 13
33. 22Â While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he
had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples,
saying, âTake it; this is my body.â
23Â Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he
gave it to them, and they all drank from it.
24Â âThis is my blood of the[c] covenant, which is poured
out for many,â he said to them. 25Â âTruly I tell you, I will not
drink again from the fruit of the vine until that day when I
drink it new in the kingdom of God.â
26Â When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the
Mount of Olives.
Thursday, 10 October 13
34. Thursday night: the last supper
and Garden of Gethsemane
The last supper
Mk 14:10-26
Matthew 26:25 mentions the 30
pieces of silver - a fulïŹllment of
prophecy
- what motivated Judas?
- greed (it was not that much money)
- trying to force Jesus to take action
and be a political military deliverer
- unhappy with Jesus being a
âsuffering servantâ
Thursday, 10 October 13
35. Mk 14:12 - the ïŹrst day - was the
ïŹrst ofïŹcial day of the week long
festival of Passover
- no yeast in the house
- Jesus appears to be wanting
privacy / secrecy
- Passover was the favourite meal
of the year for most Jews and took
place as a family
- performed as God had
commanded and commemorating
the ïŹight from Egypt
- Jesus acts as the father of a
âfamilyâ, who were arranged around
a U shaped table
Thursday, 10 October 13
36. Mk 14:12 - the ïŹrst day - was the
ïŹrst ofïŹcial day of the week long
festival of Passover
- no yeast in the house
- Jesus appears to be wanting
privacy / secrecy
- Passover was the favourite meal
of the year for most Jews and took
place as a family
- performed as God had
commanded and commemorating
the ïŹight from Egypt
- Jesus acts as the father of a
âfamilyâ, who were arranged around
a U shaped table
Secret are a
South Korean
pop group
Thursday, 10 October 13
40. - Jesus as host would have been
second from one end, John on
his right and Judas on his left
- Peter would have been in the
humble servants position
(opposite John)
- they would have said the
Passover liturgy (haggadah)
- each had 4 cups of wine and a
part of Ex 6:6-7a was repeated
Blomberg suggests it would have
been like this:
Thursday, 10 October 13
42. Jesus is proclaiming a new
Passover, available through his
coming death
- the synoptics cover this to
differing degrees whilst John
focusses upon footwashing
- next the betrayal of Judas is
predicted
- then the meal takes place
Footwashing John 13:1-20
- Jesus is showing his love
- really dirty feet
- job for the most menial slave
Thursday, 10 October 13
43. - the event is open to
interpretation e.g. some
suggest that Peter understands
the principle is about spiritual
cleansing, but then in asking for
a bath he misinterprets it - he
receives salvation as a one off
event and then the footwashing
is simply a forgiveness/
cleansing for subsequent sin
- in itself this was simply a
common courtesy offered to
guests
- some churches make it an
ordinance / sacrament
Thursday, 10 October 13
44. - the event is open to
interpretation e.g. some
suggest that Peter understands
the principle is about spiritual
cleansing, but then in asking for
a bath he misinterprets it - he
receives salvation as a one off
event and then the footwashing
is simply a forgiveness/
cleansing for subsequent sin
- in itself this was simply a
common courtesy offered to
guests
- some churches make it an
ordinance / sacrament
Thursday, 10 October 13
45. Jesus now goes on to declare one
of his disciples is ânot cleanâ and will
betray him
âAncient hospitality customs were
such that a guest sitting at table was
sacrosanct and protected from
harm from anyone else present.
Thus in the most intimate setting we
have the beginning of the gravest
sort of betrayalâ Ben Witherington
- how do we hold together the
human culpability of Judas and the
sovereign plan of God? Was Judas
really responsible for his
actions?
Thursday, 10 October 13
46. Â After he had said this, Jesus was
troubled in spirit and testiïŹed, âVery
truly I tell you, one of you is going to
betray me.â
22Â His disciples stared at one
another, at a loss to know which of
them he meant. 23Â One of them, the
disciple whom Jesus loved, was
reclining next to him.24Â Simon Peter
motioned to this disciple and said,
âAsk him which one he means.â
25Â Leaning back against Jesus, he
asked him, âLord, who is it?â
Thursday, 10 October 13
47. 26Â Jesus answered, âIt is the one to
whom I will give this piece of bread
when I have dipped it in the dish.â
Then, dipping the piece of bread, he
gave it to Judas, the son of Simon
Iscariot. 27Â As soon as Judas took the
bread, Satan entered into him.
So Jesus told him, âWhat you are
about to do, do quickly.â 28Â But no one
at the meal understood why Jesus said
this to him.29Â Since Judas had charge
of the money, some thought Jesus was
telling him to buy what was needed for
the festival, or to give something to the
poor. 30Â As soon as Judas had taken
the bread, he went out. And it was
night.
Thursday, 10 October 13
48. Luke gives a more detailed account
- his 2nd cup is probably the 3rd of
the haggadah - he is speaking of
his death at the same time as
drinking the cup celebrating Godâs
redemption (from Egypt)
- much debate his followed on
when / if the bread and wine
become his body and blood -
transubstantiation /
consubstatiation but at the time the
meaning was plain and simple - so
this debate is for your theology
lectures!
- in effect it was an enacted parable
or prophetic action
Thursday, 10 October 13
49. Predicting Peterâs denial
Mk 14:27-31
As the time for departure nears Jesus
predicts all will desert him and
speciïŹcally Peter will deny him 3x
before the cock crows 2x
- even at this time Jesus acts to
comfort Peter
- Luke 22 has Jesus changing the
nature of the post resurrection work -
for now if you have a purse, take it, and
also a bag; and if you donât have a
sword, sell your cloak and buy one.
- Blomberg suggests that Jesus
response is âNever mind, you just donât
get itâ Lk 22:38
Thursday, 10 October 13
50. Predicting Peterâs denial
Mk 14:27-31
As the time for departure nears Jesus
predicts all will desert him and
speciïŹcally Peter will deny him 3x
before the cock crows 2x
- even at this time Jesus acts to
comfort Peter
- Luke 22 has Jesus changing the
nature of the post resurrection work -
for now if you have a purse, take it, and
also a bag; and if you donât have a
sword, sell your cloak and buy one.
- Blomberg suggests that Jesus
response is âNever mind, you just donât
get itâ Lk 22:38
Thursday, 10 October 13
51. Jesusâ ïŹnal speech (discourse)
Jn 14:1-17:26
Once again the nature of this
material is more didactic in nature
and so our comments will not be
extensive.
Only John records a far longer
bersion of events after the
Passover meal.
- it is suggested that Jn 14-17
follow a pattern in Jewish
literature of a hero about to die
who is instructing his followers
how to live after he has gone
Thursday, 10 October 13
52. Jesusâ ïŹnal speech (discourse)
Jn 14:1-17:26
- 14-16 is the address
- 17 is his high priestly prayer
14:1-31 Jesus departure and
return
15:1-17 vine and branches
15:18-16:4 - hatred from the
world
16:5-33 more on departure and
return
17:1-26 the âtrueâ or ârealâ
Lordâs prayer
Thursday, 10 October 13
55. Prayer and arrest in the garden
Mk 14:32-52
Jesus and the disciples walk to the
Garden of Gethsemane (from Hb for
âoil pressâ
- he takes 3 with him and goes to a
private place where he prays and
encourages them also to pray that
they would not succumb to
temptation
- Mk 14:36Â âAbba, Father,â he
said,âeverything is possible for you.
Take this cup from me. Yet not what I
will, but what you will.â
Thursday, 10 October 13
56. Prayer and arrest in the garden
Mk 14:32-52
Jesus and the disciples walk to the
Garden of Gethsemane (from Hb for
âoil pressâ
- he takes 3 with him and goes to a
private place where he prays and
encourages them also to pray that
they would not succumb to
temptation
- Mk 14:36Â âAbba, Father,â he
said,âeverything is possible for you.
Take this cup from me. Yet not what I
will, but what you will.â
- the frailty of his humanity and
perfect obedience are revealed in the
prayer
- Jesusâ prayer is not answered in the
manner he asked for - see Heb 5:7
- in fact the answer was in death and
resurrection not being saved from
death
- Judas arrives with Jewish (and
possibly Roman) authorities to arrest
Jesus
- Jesus awakes the disciples and
then is kissed by Judas
Why did Judas need to identify
Jesus?
Thursday, 10 October 13
57. - maybe the darkness or he looked
like some of the other disciples
- the authorities had swords and
clubs, they feared problems?
- Peter cuts off the servants ear
(Malchus Jn 18:10)
- Jesus rebukes him and heals the
mans ear, even at this stage he is
showing forgiveness Lk 22:51, it is
not the time for rebellion Matt
26:52-56
- Jesus is in control, after all the
soldiers fall at his feet Jn 18:4-9
- the disciples run for their lives,
including a naked man Mk 14:51f!
Thursday, 10 October 13
58. - maybe the darkness or he looked
like some of the other disciples
- the authorities had swords and
clubs, they feared problems?
- Peter cuts off the servants ear
(Malchus Jn 18:10)
- Jesus rebukes him and heals the
mans ear, even at this stage he is
showing forgiveness Lk 22:51, it is
not the time for rebellion Matt
26:52-56
- Jesus is in control, after all the
soldiers fall at his feet Jn 18:4-9
- the disciples run for their lives,
including a naked man Mk 14:51f!
Thursday, 10 October 13
59. - maybe the darkness or he looked
like some of the other disciples
- the authorities had swords and
clubs, they feared problems?
- Peter cuts off the servants ear
(Malchus Jn 18:10)
- Jesus rebukes him and heals the
mans ear, even at this stage he is
showing forgiveness Lk 22:51, it is
not the time for rebellion Matt
26:52-56
- Jesus is in control, after all the
soldiers fall at his feet Jn 18:4-9
- the disciples run for their lives,
including a naked man Mk 14:51f!
Thursday, 10 October 13