SlideShare a Scribd company logo
P31项目管理分享
项目管理框架
大纲
• 项目管理的源起
• 敏捷的演进与框架
• 重要框架图与隐喻
人类历史上最伟大的项目
• 曼哈顿计划——原子弹的意义:
• 提前结束二战,避免盟军的惨重伤亡,使世界进入了一个新的时代
• 沉淀了成功项目管理具备的所有要素,项目管理科学的雏形
• 战后至今的相当一段长时间,世界大体和平
曼哈顿计划简介
• 到1941年12月6日,美国正式制定了代号为“曼哈顿”的绝密计划。罗斯福总统赋予这
一计划以“高于一切行动的特别优先权”。
• “曼哈顿”计划规模大得惊人。由于当时还不知道分裂铀235的3种方法哪种最好,只
得用3种方法同时进行裂变工作。
• 这项复杂的工程成了美国科学的熔炉,在 “曼哈顿”工程管理区内,汇集了以奥本海
默为首的一大批来自世界各国的科学家。科学家人数之多简直难以想象,在某些部
门,带博士头衔的人甚至比一般工作人员还要多,而且其中不乏诺贝尔奖得主。
• “曼哈顿”工程在顶峰时期曾经起用了53.9万人,总耗资高达25亿美元。这是在此之
前任何一次武器实验所无法比拟的。
曼哈顿计划与项目管理
• 目标 先于德国造出原子弹,结束二战。
• 管理 军方支持,非军事化管理,鼓励科学家探索,大胆讨论。大胆决断。
• 人才 当时世界最顶尖的科学家,10多万人参与。
• 资金 3年20亿美元,总费用25亿美元以上。
• 遗产 大批人才、技术领先的大学和研究所、保密经验、管理经验。
曼哈顿计划与项目管理
• 范围管理
• 时间管理
• 成本管理
• 品质管理
• 人力资源管理
• 沟通管理
• 风险管理
• 采购管理
• 干系人管理
• 文档管理
几乎具备现代项目管理的全部要素
–曼哈顿计划 回忆 来自百度知道
“在曼哈顿工程区’工作的15万人当中,只有12人知道全盘的计划
。其实,全体人员中很少有人知道他们是在从事制造原子弹的工
作。
例如,洛斯阿拉莫斯计算中心长时期内进行复杂的计算,但大部
分工作人员不了解这些工作的实际意义。
由于他们不知道工作目的,所以也就不可能使他们对工作发生真
正的兴趣。
后来,有一个人说明了他们是在做什么样的工作。此后,这里的
工作达到了高潮,并且有许多工作人员自愿留下来加班加点。经
过全体人员的艰苦努力,原子弹的许多技术与工程问题得到解决。
”
经典的瀑布模型
瀑布模型优缺点
优点
• 为项目提供了按阶段划分的检查点。当前一阶段完成后,您只需要去关注后续阶段。
• 它提供了一个模板,这个模板使得分析、设计、编码、测试和支持的方法可以在该模板下有一
个共同的指导。
缺点
• 由于开发模型是线性的,用户只有等到整个过程末期才能见到开发成果,从而增加了开发风险
。
• 通过过多的强制完成日期和里程碑来跟踪各个项目阶段。
• 瀑布模型的突出缺点是不适应用户需求的变化。是否使用这一模型主要取决于您是否能理解
客户的需求以及在项目的进程中这些需求的变化程度,对于经常变化的项目而言,瀑布模型毫
无价值
现代项目管理
在不确定的环境中,运用项目中的有限资源来完
成任务,从而达到实现确定的目标。
敏捷指南的演化
• 2010.2 第一版 规则与参考建议。“猪与鸡”、“发布规划会”、半成品、包括冲
刺燃尽图与发布燃尽图,以及一项与“未完成”工作的有趣参考。
• 2011.6 第二版修订 产品积压表的梳理讨论会不再是一项建议,而提升为一
项实践。冲刺计划是需要提前预告的。许多实践不再被强制要求:冲刺积压
表项目,发布规划会,冲刺与发布燃尽。不再增加猪与鸡相关的故事与结论
。
• 2011.10 第三版修订 针对2011年第二版的小版本改进。不再强调Scrum的“
规则”。删除了包含修订细节的最后一部分。
敏捷指南的演化
• 2013.7 第四版修订
• “精修”替代了“梳理”故事会。(外国用语的一个梗)
• 产品积压表在冲刺精修会之后需要成为“准备好”的状态。
• 冲刺规划会成为一项事务。
• 为团队提供每日回顾的三个参考问题。
• 价值要在冲刺回顾会上强调。
• 增加了关于过程输出物或者工作产出物的透明度要求,典型内容为文档、图纸、
模型或代码。
敏捷指南的演化
• 2016.7 第五版修订 敏捷价值观增加:承诺、专注、尊重、勇气与开放。
• 2017.11 第六版修订
• 更新了每日回顾会的问题与敏捷负责人角色,对时间范围的定义更明确(会议可
以更简短)。
• 冲刺积压表中应该至少包含一项改进项。
• 增量对提升透明度有益。
• 同样,在如何使用敏捷中增加了相关章节。
Scrum框架
• Scrum的目标:一个框架,人们可以在其中解决复杂的自产生
问题,同时高效且创造性地提供具有最高价值的产品。
• 项目管理是团队每个成员的事,项目经理为项目管理结果负责
,所以需要服务好开发团队
• 产品负责人对把握价值方向负责,所以需要激励大家贡献创造
力
• 开发团队全身心的投入(注意,非996.ICU)
2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课
2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课
2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课
2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课
2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课

More Related Content

Featured

How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
ThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
marketingartwork
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Technologies
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Kurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
SpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Lily Ray
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
Rajiv Jayarajah, MAppComm, ACC
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
Christy Abraham Joy
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Vit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
MindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
RachelPearson36
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Applitools
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
GetSmarter
 

Featured (20)

How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
 
ChatGPT webinar slides
ChatGPT webinar slidesChatGPT webinar slides
ChatGPT webinar slides
 

2019 04-3 P31团队敏捷知识介绍课