This document discusses using smart SPARQL agents to distribute reasoning over linked data. The agents can outsource reasoning to infrastructure like client-side, server-side, or third-party reasoning services. This allows reasoning to be performed as a service. Reasoned SPARQL allows data consumers to choose inference rules for querying distributed data. Nested queries and workload balancing techniques are also described.

1. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Reasoned
SPARQL
Sam Coppens, Miel Vander Sande, Ruben Verborgh,
Erik Mannens, Rik Van de Walle,

3. SPARQL

4. JACK BAUER INTERROGATION TECHNIQUE
When asking politely just isn’t enough
Reasoning on
distributed data

5. Reasoned
SPARQL

7. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Goal: Reasoning as a Service
Smart SPARQL agents
outsource reasoning to appropriate infrastructure
(client-side, server-side, or third party)
Client
Server /
Data
Provider
Reasoning OWL QLOWL RL / EL

8. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Smart SPARQL Agent
Goal: Reasoning as a Service
Client
Server /
Data
Provider
Reasoning
Reasoning
Grid
Goal: Reasoning as a Service
Smart SPARQL agents
outsource reasoning to appropriate infrastructure
(client-side, server-side, or third party)

9. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Distributed Reasoning (LarKC)
Identification
Selection
Transformation
Reasoning
Decision
REASON
<http://test.com/rules.n3>
OVER {
?s ?p ?o
}
WHERE {
?s ?p ?o
}
Solution: ‘Reason’ Query Form

10. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
SPARQL 1.1: Support for entailment regimes
(RDFS, OWL) by means of BGP matching
Data provider decides inference rules support
With reasoned SPARQL, the data consumer
choses the inference rules for reasoning

11. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Nested Queries
SELECT ?child
WHERE {
:Jenna :child ?child .
{
REASON {
{ ?x :parent ?y } => { ?y :child ?x } .
}
OVER {
?s :parent ?o .
}
WHERE {
?s a :Person; :parent ?o .
}
}
}

12. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
•
Workload Balancing
REASON {
{ ?x foaf:knows ?y } => { ?y foaf:knows ?x } .
}
OVER {
:Jenna foaf:knows ?person .
}
WHERE{
{
SERVICE <http://example.org/sparql> {
:Jenna foaf:knows ?person .
} } UNION {
SERVICE <http://example2.org/sparql> {
:Jenna foaf:knows ?person .
} }
}

13. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Pitfalls
Incomplete reasoning / errors
like SPARQL
Server-side vs. client-side reasoning
probably OWL QL reasoning
server-side BGP matching
OWL RL and EL will happen client-side

14. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Distributed reasoning on top of distributed querying
Reasoning as a service
Use Cases
End user
Distributed
Reasoning
Framework
Endpoints
Endpoints
Endpoints
Client
External
Reasoner
Endpoint

15. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Reasoning on
distributed data
SPARQL

16. Reasoned
SPARQL

17. ELIS – Mul*media Lab

18. ELIS – Mul*media Lab
Sam Coppens, Miel Vander Sande, Ruben Verborgh,
Erik Mannens, Rik Van de Walle,
Reasoned
SPARQL
Using SPARQL agents to obtain answers
through distribution and reasoning