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A Semantic Description Language for RESTful Data Services to Combat Semaphobia

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A Semantic Description Language for RESTful Data Services to Combat Semaphobia

  1. 1. A Semantic Description Language for RESTful Web Services to Combat Semaphobia Markus Lanthaler Graz University of Technology
  2. 2. Web services are increasingly popular
  3. 3. Why do we Why do we need a website? need an API? 1995 2000 2005 2010 Of course we Of course we have a website have an API Adapted from T. Vitvar’s and J. Musser’s ECOWS 2010 Keynote, “ProgrammableWeb.com: Statistics, Trends, and Best Practices”
  4. 4. Lightweight semantic annotations start to gain acceptance
  5. 5. Increasing interest in the relationship of RESTful services and Linked Data
  6. 6. Need a machine-readable service description © Clever Cupcakes
  7. 7. © Nesster All previous efforts assume RPC-style. REST is different.
  8. 8. Semaphobia!?
  9. 9. simplicity son
  10. 10. Metadata Element description Model Prefixes Links Type ref. Semantics Properties Items Media type & Prefix Name URI Target SEREDASj desc. Predicate Object(s) Name Request Semantics SEREDASj d. Variables Semantics Model Predicate Object(s) Name Binding Predicate Object(s) ref.
  11. 11. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] }
  12. 12. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } { "meta": { "prefixes": { "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "ex": "http://example.com/onto#", ... }, },
  13. 13. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, "first_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" }, "last_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" }, ...
  14. 14. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, "first_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" }, "last_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" }, ...
  15. 15. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, "first_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" }, "last_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" }, ...
  16. 16. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, "first_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" }, "last_name": { "type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" }, ...
  17. 17. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "links": { "/user/search{?query}": { "mediaType": "application/json", "seredasjDescription": "personlist.json", "semantics": { "[iana:relation]": "[iana:search]" }, "variables": { "query": { "model": "[foaf:name]" } } },
  18. 18. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "/user/{id}": { "mediaType": "application/json", "seredasjDescription": "#", "variables": { "id": { "binding": "#properties/knows/id" } }, "requestDescription": "#" } }
  19. 19. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] }
  20. 20. A person. (object) id number first_name string The first name of a person. last_name string The surname of some person. gender string The gender of this Agent (typically but not necessarily 'male' or 'female'). knows array A person known by this person (indicating some level of reciprocated interaction between the parties). A person. (object) id number name string A name for some thing.
  21. 21. strong emphasis on simplicity many use cases son discovery and composition
  22. 22. Thank You © 2011, Markus Lanthaler. Some Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
  23. 23. Questions? Markus Lanthaler Markus.Lanthaler@student.TUGraz.at
  24. 24. Image Credits (3) Adapted from T. Vitvar’s and J. Musser’s ECOWS 2010 Keynote, “ProgrammableWeb.com: Statistics, Trends, and Best Practices” (7) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scream (9) http://www.flickr.com/photos/clevercupcakes/4397152402/ (10) http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/3168425434/
  25. 25. Bonus Slides
  26. 26. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "knows": { "type": "array", "model": "[foaf:knows]", "items": { "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, ...
  27. 27. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "knows": { "type": "array", "model": "[foaf:knows]", "items": { "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, ...
  28. 28. { "id": 556410, "first_name": "Markus", "last_name": "Lanthaler", "gender": "male", "knows": [ { "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" }, { "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ] } "knows": { "type": "array", "model": "[foaf:knows]", "items": { "type": "object", "model": "[foaf:Person]", "properties": { "id": { "type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" }, ...
  29. 29. @base <http://example.com/user/556410> . <#> rdf:type foaf:Person . <#> ex:id 556410 . <#> foaf:firstName "Markus" . <#> foaf:surname "Lanthaler" . <#> foaf:gender "male" . <#> foaf:knows <#knows/0> . <#knows/0> rdf:type foaf:Person . <#knows/0> ex:id 586807 . <#knows/0> foaf:name "Christian Gütl" . <#> foaf:knows <#knows/1> . <#knows/1> rdf:type foaf:Person . <#knows/1> ex:id 790980 . <#knows/1> foaf:name "John Doe" . <http://example.com/user/586807> owl:sameAs <#knows/0> . <http://example.com/user/790980> owl:sameAs <#knows/1> .

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