Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a few major benefits to biomedical applications. To improve the knowledge on AM possibilities, Sirris is organizing two different masterclasses. The first will address the technology, materials used and applications, with experts in the matter explaining all relevant aspects.

1. Masterclass:
Biomedical applications of
Additive Manufacturing
Part 01: General considerations and clinical case studies

2. Masterclass:
Biomedical applications of
Additive Manufacturing
Taking into consideration the biomechanical aspects:
anatomy and functional aspects of the body.
Prof. Bernardo Innocenti, PhD
BEAMS Department (Bio Electro and Mechanical Systems)
Ecole Polytechnique
Université Libre de Bruxelles
Av. F. Roosevelt, 50 CP165/56
1050 Bruxelles

3.  The Speaker
 Why Anatomy and Function
 How we can determine Anatomy
 How we can measure Function
 What happen if Anatomy or Function changes
 Take Home Message
Masterclass: Biomedical applications of Additive Manufacturing Organized by SIRRIS the 12th of March 2013
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4.  Master Degree in Mechanical Engineering,
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Technology,
University of Florence;
 PhD in Mechanical Design,
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Technology,
University of Florence
 September 2003 - April 2007: Contract Professor,
University of Florence
 January 2006 – April 2007: PostDoc,
Responsible of BioLAB
bernardo.innocenti@ulb.ac.be
 May 2007 – September 2012:Lead Project Manager Numerical Kinematics
European Center for Knee Research, Smith & Nephew
Haasrode, Leuven, Belgium
 2011 – Present: Guest Professor, Division of Biomechanics,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven
 October 2012 - Present: Professor of Biomechanics
Université Libre de Bruxelles
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5. Orthopaedic Numerical Knee
Biomechanics modeling biomechanics
Patient specific modeling
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7. Muybridge, ~1880
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11.  Patient profile is changing!!
Age Activity Higher
expectation
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15.  Frame
 Upper leg (femur - Two dof)
• vertical movement
• rotation around ML axis
 Lower leg (Tibia - Five dof)
• three rotations
• two translations
 Two actuators
• One exerting a load on the hip (vertical sliding)
• One pulling the quadriceps
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17. Hamstring Quadriceps
Extensometer TekScan Contact
Pressure Sensor
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20. 9/12 points
in the space
are enough?
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21. Identify the
Landmarks
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25. Lateral Condylar Centre Medial Condylar Centre
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26. Hip Centre
FEMORAL MECHANICAL AXIS (FMA)
Insertion LCL
Knee Centre
Insertion MCL
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27. FMA
Frontal plane FPF Includes FMAx and is parallel to EPI Ax
Sagittal plane SPF Includes FMAx and is perpendicular to FPF
Horizontal plane HPF Includes knee ctr and is perpendicular to FPF and SPF
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28. Ankle
Centre
TIBIAL MECHANICAL AXIS (TMAx)
Medial
Lateral Condylar
Condylar Tibia Centre
Centre Centre
Frontal plane FPT Includes TMAx and is parallel to TTAx
Sagittal plane SPT Includes TMAx and is perpendicular to FPT
Horizontal plane HPT Includes tib ctr and is perpendicular to FPT and SPT
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29. • 30 points pre-op CT scan
• 25 points post-op CT scan
• Identification protocol for each point
• Bony landmark definitions from literature when possible
 LaPrade AJSM
 LaPrade JBJS
• Control frame integrity on post-op CAT scan
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Masterclass: Biomedical applications of Additive Manufacturing
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33. Database Kinematics and Kinetics
70 cadaveric specimen(in progress)
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36. Experimental Numerical
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37. CT scan of a full Theoretical
cadaver leg Locations of tissues
physiological
insertion points
Bones reconstruction model
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38. Analyzed TKA
Hinge
Fix Bearing
BCS design
Mobile
Bearing
Fix Bearing
PS design
Virtual cutting of the bones Theoretical
Design
design according to surgical replaced
technique model
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39. Tibial Component Patellar Component
IE rotation
± 10°
Patella Alta/Baha
Tibial IE ± 3° configuration
Abb/Add ± 3°
Tibial Slope ± 3° BPI =0.59 - 1.29
ML translation ± 5mm
AP translation ± 5mm
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40. Patellar Tendon
LCL and MCL
PD translation
PD translation ±5mm; ±5mm
AP translation ±5mm;
ML translation ±5mm;
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41. [Innocenti et al., 2009a and 2009b; Victor et al., 2009 and 2010]
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42. Maximum Patello-Femoral force
Alta Theoretical Baha
7
6
5
Patella Alta/Baja configurations
4
BW
3
2
1
0
PS Design BCS Design Hinge Design Mobile Bearing
Design
Medial and Lateral maximum Femoro-Tibial force
Alta lat Theoretical lat Baha lat
Singerman et al. (1994): 4 Alta med Theoretical med Baha med
3.5
PF contact force depends on patellar height; 3
2.5
Luyckx et al. (2009):
BW
2
PF force increases with patellar height; 1.5
1
Innocenti et al. (2009): 0.5
0
PF increases linearly with the increase of BP PS Design BCS Design Hinge Design Mobile Bearing
index. Design
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45. Questions?
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