International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
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Aerospace Engineering.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
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Presentazione di Movie Camp e Social Red Carpet a Venezia71 www.socialredcarpet.it la piattaforma conversazionale per il cinema. Cinema 2.0 le nuove frontiere di Business se ne parla online attraverso una piattaforma di mercato.
Jeff Sauer from Three Deep presented this deck to a class at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. Presentation is centered around what Google means to an Online Marketer and to a growing digital agency.
Everyday consumers turn to Google to search for where they can buy products and services near their location. If you’re business isn’t ranking in local search, you could be losing customers to your competition.
Presentation to Wales Deanery 2013
The 4xP model of team performance. How to diagnose and fix any teamwork problem with a simple model. It's going to be a Purpose issue, a Process issue, a People issue or a Partnerships issue - or maybe a combination!
Venezia71 presentazione src e moviecamp 310814 -defNetlife s.r.l.
Presentazione di Movie Camp e Social Red Carpet a Venezia71 www.socialredcarpet.it la piattaforma conversazionale per il cinema. Cinema 2.0 le nuove frontiere di Business se ne parla online attraverso una piattaforma di mercato.
Jeff Sauer from Three Deep presented this deck to a class at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. Presentation is centered around what Google means to an Online Marketer and to a growing digital agency.
Everyday consumers turn to Google to search for where they can buy products and services near their location. If you’re business isn’t ranking in local search, you could be losing customers to your competition.
Presentation to Wales Deanery 2013
The 4xP model of team performance. How to diagnose and fix any teamwork problem with a simple model. It's going to be a Purpose issue, a Process issue, a People issue or a Partnerships issue - or maybe a combination!
Timber Design to AS1720.1 (+Amdt 3, 2010) Webinar - ClearCalcsClearCalcs
Understanding the complete timber design process and the
key differences with wood design using AS 1720.1 or AS 1684.
ClearCalcs engineering development lead Brooks Smith gave this free engineering webinar covering Timber Design to AS1720.1, including a discussion of common design parameters and considerations, a comparison with the residentially geared AS1720.3 and AS1684, as well as worked examples using the AS 1720.1 calculator in ClearCalcs.
Long a mainstay in residential construction due to its versatility, cost, and environmental friendliness, timber is now seeing growing demand in mid rise structures thanks to growing understanding of how to utilise the material, as well as the continued rise in availability of engineered wood products (EWP) such as glue laminated and cross laminated timbers.
However, unlike steel whose properties tend to remain fairly constant over time, timber has a range of factors that need to be considered by engineers including moisture content, creep, and load duration factors.
Extension of Direct Strength Method for Slender Cold Formed Steel Column Sect...IJERA Editor
Revolutionary development has taken place in the design methodology of thin walled structures since the introduction of direct strength method (DSM) (Dr. B Schafer 2004). DSM gives direct approach for analyzing and designing the cold formed steel sections. The effort has also been put to extend DSM for the cold formed steel sections with perforations by Dr. C D Moen(2008). Though this method gives fairly accurate results for columns with medium height, but the method is not suitable for very short and slender columns. In this paper effort has been put to suggest modification in DSM formulae for slender columns. Particular column section was modelled with finite element method with different height and thickness combinations. The same section was then analyzed by DSM in CUFSM 4.06 software. Sufficient database was created through this, and the variation in the results with DSM was incorporated in modified formula in terms of thickness and length.
There is a strong interest in understanding the surface mount
assembly requirements of QFN (Quad Flat No-Lead) type
packages due to their rapid industry acceptance.
For more details visit us at Solder.net
This paper provides guidelines in board design and surface mount of this package based on extensive surface mount experiments.
For more details at Solder.net
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
Top 5 Indian Style Modular Kitchen DesignsFinzo Kitchens
Get the perfect modular kitchen in Gurgaon at Finzo! We offer high-quality, custom-designed kitchens at the best prices. Wardrobes and home & office furniture are also available. Free consultation! Best Quality Luxury Modular kitchen in Gurgaon available at best price. All types of Modular Kitchens are available U Shaped Modular kitchens, L Shaped Modular Kitchen, G Shaped Modular Kitchens, Inline Modular Kitchens and Italian Modular Kitchen.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
1. 2005 NDS:
LRFD Provisions
Paul W. McMullin, P.E., Ph.D.
Sr. Project Engineer
Dunn Associates, Inc.
2. Philosophy
“decisions not to utilize specific practices
require the same background
knowledge as those which lead to the
utilization of fracture-safe design
practices” (Pellini 1969, p. 1)
3. Outline
Development of Beam and Column
Wood Design Codes Provisions
Why LRFD Lateral Supplement
What is LRFD Wood Mechanical
Design Connectors
General Terminology Proprietary
and Requirements Connectors
Resources
4. Last Decade of Wood
Design
1991 NDS
1996 LRFD- New state of the art
1997 NDS- Based on 1991
2001 NDS (ASD)- Updated to
technology of 1996 LRFD
2005 NDS (ASD/LRFD)
6. 2005 NDS
Combined ASD/ LRFD provisions
LRFD in same format as ASD,
except:
Behavioral equations same
3 LRFD based adjustment
factors
KF—Format Conversion
Factor
φ—Strength Reduction
Factor
λ—Time Effect Factor
No CD—Load Duration Factor
Consistent with ASCE 7-02
and 7-05
7. NDS 2005:
Chapter Layout
1) General Requirements for
Structural Design
2) Design Values for Structural
Members
3) Design Provisions and
Equations
4) Sawn Lumber
5) Structural Glue Laminated
Timber
6) Round Timber Poles and Piles
7) Prefabricated Wood I- Joists
8) Structural Composite Lumber
8. NDS 2005:
Chapter Layout (cont.)
9) Wood Structural Panels
10)Mechanical Connections
11)Dowel-Type Fasteners
12)Split Ring and Shear Plate
Connectors
13)Timber Rivets
14)Shear Walls and
Diaphragms
15)Special Loading Conditions
16)Fire Design of Wood
Members
9. NDS 2005: Appendix
Layout
a) Construction and Design
Practices
b) Load Duration (ASD)
c) Temperature Effects
d) Lateral Stability of Beams
e) Local Stresses in Fastener
Groups (New 2001 NDS)
f) Design for Creep and Critical
Deflection Applications
g) Effective Column Length
h) Lateral Stability of Columns
10. NDS 2005: Appendix
Layout
i) Yield Limit Equations for
Connections
j) Solution of Hankinson
Formula
k) Typical Dimensions for Split
Ring and Shear Plate
Connectors
l) Typical Dimensions for
Dowel-Type Fasteners
m) MFG Tolerances for Rivets
and Steel Side Plates for
Timber Rivet Conn.
n) Load and Resistance
Factor Design (LRFD)
12. Why Use LRFD?
State-of-the-art
More rational treatment of loads
ASD—Deterministic (inconsistent safety
factors)
LRFD—Reliability based
ASD load combinations not maintained
Ease of designing with multiple materials that
use LRFD
Size benefits with multiple transient loads
Consistent with FEMA 356 (performance based
design codes)
13. LRFD Design Concepts
Safety Limit State Serviceability Limit
Factored Loads State
(Demand)—Larger Unfactored
Reduced Nominal Loads—same
Strength– φRn Mean material
(Capacity)—Larger strength and
stiffness—same
15. LRFD Nuts and Bolts
Basic Relationship αQ ≤ φλRn
Specific f ≤ F 'n
f—demand stress (e.g. Pu/A)
F’n—LRFD level adjusted stress
(capacity)
Example (Sawn Lumber in Bending)
F’b=FbCMCtCLCFCfuCiCrKFφbλ
17. LRFD Nuts and Bolts
(Cont.)
“Adjusted” strength, rather than “allowable”
Three new adjustment factors
KF—Format Conversion Factor
(ASTM D 5457)
Generally 2.16/φ
Rearranged φKF=2.16
φ—Strength Reduction Factor
λ—Time Effect Factor
Essentially only one additional adjustment
factor
20. Beams and Columns
Behavioral equations typically same
Very minor adjustments to FbE and FcE
Shear increase from 2001 NDS maintained
'
FbE = 1.20 Emin
2
RB
'
FcE = 0.822 Emin
(le d )2
E’min—for stability, 5th percentile, App D
Use E’ for deflection
21. Wind and Seismic
Supplement
Design guidance for lateral loads
Chapters
1) Designer Flowchart
2) General Design Requirements
3) Members and Connections
4) Lateral Force-Resisting
Systems
General
Wood Diaphragms
Wood Shear Walls
Appendix A (Plywood tables)
22. Diaphragms
Rigid/Flexible defined
Based on relative deflection
Deflection equations
Limits on diaphragms resisting load
from concrete and masonry walls
3-sided diaphragms discussed
Cantilevered diaphragms permitted
23. Diaphragms (Cont.)
Capacities for structural sheathing
Wind and Seismic values different
Values for lumber diaphragms
Tables contain Ga (shear stiffness)
Ga includes nail slip term
Multiply table values by φD=0.8
26. Shear Walls
Deflection equation
Guidelines for double sheathed walls
Aspect ratio criteria remains same as IBC
2003
Perforated shear wall values
Tables
Structural Panels [Tab 4.3A]
Gypsum and Cement Plaster [Tab 4.3B]
Lumber [Tab 4.3C]
Plywood [Tab A.4.3A]
27. Shear Walls (Cont.)
Shear Wall Framing
2” Nominal—Typical
3” When
Nails 2” O.C. or less
10d @ 3” O.C.
Nominal Capacity (vs)>700 lb/ft
• For seismic design category D, E, F
Requirements irrespective of ASD or LRFD
30. Mechanical Connectors
Same behavioral
equations
Check Local Wood
Stresses
Multiple Fasteners
Based on
Mechanics OR
Appendix E
For both ASD & 2005 NDS
LRFD
31. Mechanical Fastener:
Local Wood Failure Modes
Local Wood Stress
Modes
Net Section
Tension
Row Tear-out
Group Tear-out
2005 NDS
33. Pre-Engineered
Connectors
Convert using ASTM D5457-93 (1998)
Multiply ASD value by φ and λ (CM, Ct)
KF
1996 LRFD Manual- Pre-Engineered Metal
Connectors, Supplement
34. 2005 NDS Learning
AF&PA e-course
http://www.awc.org/Hel
pOutreach/eCourses/S
TD104/NDS2005.pdf
AWC and AF&PA web
sites—misc. papers
Structural Wood Design
Using ASD and LRFD
(Workbook)
ASD/LRFD Manual for
Engineered Wood
Construction 2005
Edition
35. 2005 NDS Design Aids
2005 NDS
2005 Design Value
Supplement
2005 Wind & Seismic
Supplement
ASD/LRFD Manual
for Engineered Wood
Construction 2005
Edition—Available
December 2005?
36. Summary
2005 NDS—dual format LRFD adds essentially 1
LRFD advantageous adjustment factor
because: Behavioral equations
State-of-the-art same as ASD
Reliability based Design guide not
Consistent with other available
material codes Code currently available
Size benefits Adopted in 2006 IBC
Consistent with FEMA
356