1
Business Plan: RX Direct Pharmacy
Business Plan: RX Direct Pharmacy
Executive Summary
The healthcare sector's ever-changing dynamics call for constant improvement in the quality of care and treatment services. The current changes in care delivery, application of technology, and increased healthcare demands have resulted in the revolving and growing roles of professional nurses in administering medical care services(Anderson & Amar, 2017). Trends of that sort demand the implementation of effective strategies to address such changes. Healthcare providers are in direct contact with their patients, thus, play crucial roles in enhancing the attainment of improved patient and organizational outcomes(Anderson & Amar, 2017).
Rx Direct Pharmacy is the future of pharmacy care. An online pharmacy was created in 2021 by six eager and ambitious student pharmacists from Notre Dame of Maryland School of Pharmacy. Rx Direct Pharmacy is a healthcare company designed to provide all pharmacy needs directly to the patient in the comfort, convenience, and privacy of their own homes. We have a mission of providing affordable and accessible quality health care safely and directly to our patients whenever and wherever. More than ever, with the COVID-19 pandemic unwaning, there is an increased need for virtual health care services. Rx Direct Pharmacy aims to help minimize the unnecessary visits to the nearest local pharmacy for the average individual, lower transportation costs to pharmacies, and increase the ease with which prescription medications reach patients. Rapid technological advancement is presenting both challenges and opportunities in the administration of care and treatment services. The migration from the traditional manual system to electronic health record (EHRs) management systems has led to improved medical services administration(Jetley & Zhang, 2019). Strategies of that sort aresignificant in enhancing patients' experiences and satisfaction as far as the provision of care and treatment services are concerned (Jetley & Zhang, 2019). Various EHRs systems are now available, including the Kareo software application. As Jetley& Zhang (2019) stated, EHR is a digital version of the manual paper. The software is critical in managing the day-to-day aspects of patient care such as patient records, prescriptions, diagnosis, billing, treatment, etc.Besides, it offersvital portals for ensuring direct communications with the relevant stakeholders such as patients and professional healthcare workers. The patients may be interested in booking appointments, accessing the diagnostic outcomes, making payment, or even filling in some electronic forms. EHR systems tend to be broad-based and cover all aspects of administering patients' logistics within the pharmacy. At the moment, various software application platforms such as theKareo software system, which is widely used in nursing practice, especially in primary care settings, are existing.
In Rx Direct Pharmacy, ...
1Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with OthEttaBenton28
1
Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with Other Approaches
Caroline E Sam
NRNP 6645
Psychotherapy with Multiple Modalities
Assignment week 7
01/15/2022
This study source was downloaded by 100000806925124 from CourseHero.com on 04-18-2022 09:34:05 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
2
Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with Other Approaches
Psychologists have developed various theories on human psychology. The Humanist,
existential, and humanist existential models explain the personality changes. The models are
central in therapies as they define how people perceive and accept life challenges. The humanist
model emphasizes the innate goodness in people, while the humanist-existential psychotherapy
model argues that personalities change, and people can develop new attributes based on
circumstances.
Two models: Humanistic-existential psychotherapy and Humanist psychotherapy
Humanistic-existential Psychotherapy
Humanistic Existential Psychotherapy (HE) postulates that the human personality is
dynamic, and changes occur across the lifespan that defines personality at each point
(Hounkpatin et al., 2015). The model integrates humanistic and existentialist approaches. The
humanist perspective claims that human beings are good, while the existentialist proposes that
people are neither good nor bad (Daei Jafari et al., 2020). Integration of the two models creates a
dynamic person capable of actualizing based on situations and strengths. The model is adopted as
a transition from the traditional conception of personality as a stable element that remains
consistent throughout life. The HE models framework asserts that individuals confront and
challenge a meaningless life as they transform their lives into a personality they desire. The
person pursues self-rated health, self-efficacy, psychological turning point, and life satisfaction
that involves a subjective evaluation of an individual’s wellbeing (Hounkpatin et al., 2015).
These components keep an individual driven to improve their lives. Notably, societal norms and
This study source was downloaded by 100000806925124 from CourseHero.com on 04-18-2022 09:34:05 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
3
the pursuit of authentic individual-based life goals contribute to an individual’s personality
changes.
There is a constant drive to meet an expectation, which is addressed in the social
investment theory- an investment in institutions such as work, and marriage motivates
personality changes. Notably, the ...
1Comment by Perjessy, Caroline SubstanEttaBenton28
1
Comment by Perjessy, Caroline:
Substance use Anxiety Group Curriculum
Southern New Hampshire University
Clinical Mental Health Counseling Department, COU660
Dr. Caroline P.
Rationale for the group
In Massachusetts, we have several groups for substance use both such as AA meetings and , NA meetings that are held in most area areasjust not a sufficient amount. Some. So me groups are also held at treatment centers by alumni which is a great thing because it will provide members with great responsibility skills. Some of the groups like psychoeducation and 12 steps meetings are mainly for those who are going through andchallenges and have a past with substance use. I plan to hold a group not only for those who have been through it but also withhave family members that are looking for resources and better understanding of the disease. The need for substance use group in the Boston, MassMassachusetts community is in high demand. Although Boston is a wide community where the rent can be high and have good paying jobs, many still struggle s with the everyday life stressors that can lead to excessive drinking. In my community I believe that the need for substance use group can benefit so many specifically those in the poverty area, because they are dealing with these issues every day. Also, due to therapy being frown upon in their environment and some lack the ability to seek professional help. Although some may have the need but will not attend due to therapy being frown upon in their environment. Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: Make sure you are revising for clarity. I know you said this was a draft, so keeping that In mind Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: Revise for clarity
The purpose of substance use group is to help individuals who are have dealing with anxiety and have an underlining issue like anxiety. Substance use clients with underlining issues like anxiety lack coping skills and the ability to perform everyday tasks. Evidence by, the lack of motivation, traumatic event, exposure to violence, withdrawal, and continuing alcohol or drug use. However, the misuse of alcohol not only can lead to neurological as well as anxiety. Several individuals who are actively using have an underlining issue that has cause them to use excessively rather its depression, bipolar, or anxiety. I will be focusing mainly on anxiety. Anxiety can be something that several deal with in silent or out loud, those who have been impacted by the disease either way many are not getting the help they deservemerit. Especially those who have been impacted with the disease For example, not they feeling at time they are not good enoughenough, the uncertainty of their job,; and will they have their job back; doubts about being accepted back into their familywill they have a family after. Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: This is uinclear…how are they dealing with anxiety and have an underlying issue of anxiety?
All those factors are negative im ...
1
College Student’s Depression
Jasmin Linthicum
Course Discovery Writing
Professor Aguiar
Date Due 02/24/2022
College Student’s Depression
2
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression is a common and severe
health issue that affects how someone feels, thinks and acts. The most common symptoms of
depression are; having bad moods and feeling very sad, losing interest in the activities that were
once fun, loss of appetite, which in turn will lead to massive weight loss or gain that is not related
to dieting and difficulty in concentrating, thinking or making decisions (LeMoult & Gotlib, 2019).
People become depressed due to various factors; some of the significant social factors that
bring about depression include; encountering traumatic events, separation from parents or
caregivers and being bullied. Personality some people are inclined towards experiencing
depression. For instance, people who tend to hold worries, have a low-self-esteem, are
perfectionists and are very sensitive towards negative criticism naturally have a higher likelihood
of facing depression.
Depression throughout history has always been a health problem for people. According to
articles written by philosophers and writers throughout humanity's history, there is depression,
which is a health condition. The articles also include some of the continuous struggles that have
been made to find a solution on treating this condition. For instance, the ancient Greeks and
Romans had different thinking on depression. Some of the literature shows that the Greeks had a
notion that depression was a form of evil spirit possession and used exorcism techniques like;
beatings and starvation as "treatments" to cure a person. On the other hand, the Romans thought
depression was a combination of biological and psychological issues and employed gymnastics,
special diet, herbal medicine and music to treat the patients (Taquet et al., 2020).
In our present day, some of the startling statistics concerning depression are; depression
affects approximately one in fifteen adults, that is close to 6.8% annually, and a projection of an
estimated one in six persons will encounter depression at a given point in their life, that is around
Christian Aguiar
All of these statistics come from research, so you need to cite them using an in-text citation like we learned in class. Luckily, we're reviewing them again today (3/17).
Christian Aguiar
Christian Aguiar
This is another place where you need to cite your source. Which literature tells us this?
Christian Aguiar
I like the historical context, Jasmin. This could be a great way to begin the script for your video, too.
Christian Aguiar
Since this is an argument based on research - it draws on what scientists know about depression - you need to make it clear what the source is.
Christian Aguiar
Do you mean "personally, some people are inclined..." or perhaps that "some people's perso ...
This document provides instructions for a close analysis assignment on an artist's self-portrait. It lists over 200 artists and their basic information. Students are asked to select one of the artists from the list, view their self-portrait, and analyze how the artist represented themselves externally through the internal. The analysis should explore "windows and doors" of the self-portrait image.
1
CLA1
Xueyao Dong
Westcliff University
INT 501 EF Concentration:
Purchasing and Human Resources
Professor: Dr. Julia Sherm
Octomber 20, 2021
2
Learning Objectives
This was my third semester at Westcliff University, and I explored a wide range of
helpful strategies and practical techniques that benefited my overall career and life balance.
For instance, the habit of professional journaling helps me release my stress and motivate
myself to keep on track towards my goal.
From week 3, I started to prepare the professional portfolio, and I felt it was an
excellent way to keep a record of my achievements and experiences. From week 5, the
interview exercise taken with the senior manager from my department, I have learned about
her personal experiences and know a little more about strategic leadership. Another valuable
material that I learned from this class is always to be prepared. Before I interview the senior
manager, I prepare additional questions to ask my supervisor and colleagues about my
performance. I was nervous during the interview, but these extra questions helped me come
down and make the conversion more smooth.
At the beginning of this semester, my goal was to improve my communication skills
in the workplace and learn how to be more flexible in dealing with incidents. From week six
course’s video, “I Wanna Be a Human Resources Officer - A Day in the Life of a Human
Resources Officer,” made me see some perspectives of the responsibility of a Human
Resources Officer and provided me some direction to improve my interpersonal skills. I
always find ways to improve my confidence when I communicate with people and learn how
to be an active listener.
Week seven’s video about “Internship Expectations vs. Realities- the Intern Queen”
makes me think about expectations and realities at the workplace. What expectation does the
employer look for, and how should I improve my performance regarding their expectation?
3
Additionally, through this semester, I realized different ways of conveying a message
could have other effects and impact communication effectiveness. During the internship, I
utilized the benefits of a supportive and positive environment.
Taking everything into account, I believe that I made significant progress towards my
goals, and I became more efficient and productive at work.
Internship Experiences
This semester I am considering switching to a new company that will allow me to
practice my professional skills in the area of individual and corporate taxes. Therefore, I
started my journey to submit job applications and prepare for an interview. Finding an
appropriate position that matches my interests and abilities is not an easy task. I felt frustrated
for the first few weeks when I did not get many responses. However, I record all my feelings
and things that I need to work on in my resume and cover letter in my journal. Additionally, I
love to write some inspirational and motivationa ...
1CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One Southern New HaEttaBenton28
1
CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One
Southern New Hampshire University
Destiny Nance
CJ 550
September 4th, 2022
CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One
A. What are the departments or subdivisions into which your selected organization is divided, and how do these subdivisions work together as a whole in relation to the mission of the organization?
Office of Programs and Re-entry is an organization that focuses on leadership alongside rehabilitative programs ensuring better lives within the community. The organization is divided into four central departments that work together to achieve a common goal. The first department is the Bureau of program development which focuses on the various designs and implementation of risks and needs assessment tools. It also implements other processes and policies key to the restoration alongside rehabilitation of justice to the affected individual within the surrounding.
The second is the department Bureau of Education, which deals with academic and career issues, including technical education and library services (Bell et al., 2018). The third department is the Bureau of Substance Use Treatment which is helpful in dealing with services assisting in the transition period between incarceration and the return to society. The other department is the Bureau of Chaplaincy services dealing with spiritual matters on inmates and offenders. The last department is volunteering with the FDC to assist in a rewarding experience for the citizens. All the departments work together to achieve the organizational goal and mission in leadership and rehabilitation programs that assist the community. Every department has strict policies that make it possible to ensure that it helps the organization achieve its mission.
B. Describe your selected subdivision, and outline the specific goals and responsibilities of the subdivision, describing how they align with the overall mission of the agency. Consider how the goals of the selected subdivision align with the mission of the agency.
The correction officers have a specific function: protecting the community by leading and supervising offenders and reporting the individual who has failed to comply with the regulations to sentencing. Alongside the organizational mission, the correction subdivision has its designed mission. Its mission is to deliver effective service to the community by service diligently while collaborating with other agencies of the criminal justice community (Bell et al., 2018). As such, it serves the community without violating their rights. The detention department ensures people's safety within the community by protecting the surrounding society in various ways, such as establishing safe, secure, and human supervision. It also provides the confinement of inmates by making them follow the law without violation.
However, the subdivision is faced with challenges like the overpopulation of inmates. The inmates are flocked within the organization, thus posing a chall ...
1CLA 1Every organization aims at achieving a cerEttaBenton28
1
CLA 1
Every organization aims at achieving a certain level of performance when it comes to the profitability of the organization. The sales force in any organization is very instrumental towards the performance of an organization as they help push the sales of an organization to the desired level. Organizations must see the value that the salespersons bring to the organization as this impacts the motivation and the productivity of the salespersons (Kuvaas et al., 2017). When a sales team feels that there is value to an organization then they become engaged in their work and perform well. Organizations can show that they value the salespersons by involving them in decision-making, paying them well, and also recognizing achievements.
Skill sets refer to the various abilities and abilities that an individual employee has that enable them to perform according to expectations in an organization. The skill sets vary from the type of sales employee; a salesperson needs more persuasion skills while a sales manager might need more communication skills and leadership skills (Kuczmarski & Kuczmarski, 2019). An organization can ensure that it has the right skill set by ensuring that the recruitment process is thorough and looks at the practical skills of employees as well.
Global sales refer to the sales that an organization makes outside the country where it is located. Global sales skills are important in ensuring that an organization can effectively penetrate an outside market. Global sales skills include understanding the cultural differences and the language of the target nation. A sales team needs to understand what is offensive in other nations such as gestures, body language so that they do not put off customers (Cuevas, 2018). The global sales skill needed by sales managers includes effective communication and an understanding of the trade regulations in different countries. They need to be able to contact customers remotely and manage sales teams in different locations.
The performance of any organization is important as it is an indicator of growth and progress in an organization. When it comes to the performance of employees it is directly related to the rewards system in an organization. Employees need to be motivated to put in extra work in the organization and the easiest way for an organization to motivate employees is to make them feel that they are appreciated and their efforts are recognized. Employees and particularly sales employees work in teams when the performance appraisal is done, it is important that the best-performed employees are rewarded (Asaari et al, 2019). When this is done the other members of the team will be inspired and motivated to increase productivity. An increase in the productivity of an employee translates to the performance of an organization in terms of sales and profitability.
Rewards are multidimensional and exist in different forms and categories in different organizations. The two broad categ ...
1Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with OthEttaBenton28
1
Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with Other Approaches
Caroline E Sam
NRNP 6645
Psychotherapy with Multiple Modalities
Assignment week 7
01/15/2022
This study source was downloaded by 100000806925124 from CourseHero.com on 04-18-2022 09:34:05 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
2
Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with Other Approaches
Psychologists have developed various theories on human psychology. The Humanist,
existential, and humanist existential models explain the personality changes. The models are
central in therapies as they define how people perceive and accept life challenges. The humanist
model emphasizes the innate goodness in people, while the humanist-existential psychotherapy
model argues that personalities change, and people can develop new attributes based on
circumstances.
Two models: Humanistic-existential psychotherapy and Humanist psychotherapy
Humanistic-existential Psychotherapy
Humanistic Existential Psychotherapy (HE) postulates that the human personality is
dynamic, and changes occur across the lifespan that defines personality at each point
(Hounkpatin et al., 2015). The model integrates humanistic and existentialist approaches. The
humanist perspective claims that human beings are good, while the existentialist proposes that
people are neither good nor bad (Daei Jafari et al., 2020). Integration of the two models creates a
dynamic person capable of actualizing based on situations and strengths. The model is adopted as
a transition from the traditional conception of personality as a stable element that remains
consistent throughout life. The HE models framework asserts that individuals confront and
challenge a meaningless life as they transform their lives into a personality they desire. The
person pursues self-rated health, self-efficacy, psychological turning point, and life satisfaction
that involves a subjective evaluation of an individual’s wellbeing (Hounkpatin et al., 2015).
These components keep an individual driven to improve their lives. Notably, societal norms and
This study source was downloaded by 100000806925124 from CourseHero.com on 04-18-2022 09:34:05 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/128013930/Comparing-Humanistic-Existential-Psychotherapy-with-Other-Approaches-gwdocx/
3
the pursuit of authentic individual-based life goals contribute to an individual’s personality
changes.
There is a constant drive to meet an expectation, which is addressed in the social
investment theory- an investment in institutions such as work, and marriage motivates
personality changes. Notably, the ...
1Comment by Perjessy, Caroline SubstanEttaBenton28
1
Comment by Perjessy, Caroline:
Substance use Anxiety Group Curriculum
Southern New Hampshire University
Clinical Mental Health Counseling Department, COU660
Dr. Caroline P.
Rationale for the group
In Massachusetts, we have several groups for substance use both such as AA meetings and , NA meetings that are held in most area areasjust not a sufficient amount. Some. So me groups are also held at treatment centers by alumni which is a great thing because it will provide members with great responsibility skills. Some of the groups like psychoeducation and 12 steps meetings are mainly for those who are going through andchallenges and have a past with substance use. I plan to hold a group not only for those who have been through it but also withhave family members that are looking for resources and better understanding of the disease. The need for substance use group in the Boston, MassMassachusetts community is in high demand. Although Boston is a wide community where the rent can be high and have good paying jobs, many still struggle s with the everyday life stressors that can lead to excessive drinking. In my community I believe that the need for substance use group can benefit so many specifically those in the poverty area, because they are dealing with these issues every day. Also, due to therapy being frown upon in their environment and some lack the ability to seek professional help. Although some may have the need but will not attend due to therapy being frown upon in their environment. Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: Make sure you are revising for clarity. I know you said this was a draft, so keeping that In mind Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: Revise for clarity
The purpose of substance use group is to help individuals who are have dealing with anxiety and have an underlining issue like anxiety. Substance use clients with underlining issues like anxiety lack coping skills and the ability to perform everyday tasks. Evidence by, the lack of motivation, traumatic event, exposure to violence, withdrawal, and continuing alcohol or drug use. However, the misuse of alcohol not only can lead to neurological as well as anxiety. Several individuals who are actively using have an underlining issue that has cause them to use excessively rather its depression, bipolar, or anxiety. I will be focusing mainly on anxiety. Anxiety can be something that several deal with in silent or out loud, those who have been impacted by the disease either way many are not getting the help they deservemerit. Especially those who have been impacted with the disease For example, not they feeling at time they are not good enoughenough, the uncertainty of their job,; and will they have their job back; doubts about being accepted back into their familywill they have a family after. Comment by Perjessy, Caroline: This is uinclear…how are they dealing with anxiety and have an underlying issue of anxiety?
All those factors are negative im ...
1
College Student’s Depression
Jasmin Linthicum
Course Discovery Writing
Professor Aguiar
Date Due 02/24/2022
College Student’s Depression
2
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression is a common and severe
health issue that affects how someone feels, thinks and acts. The most common symptoms of
depression are; having bad moods and feeling very sad, losing interest in the activities that were
once fun, loss of appetite, which in turn will lead to massive weight loss or gain that is not related
to dieting and difficulty in concentrating, thinking or making decisions (LeMoult & Gotlib, 2019).
People become depressed due to various factors; some of the significant social factors that
bring about depression include; encountering traumatic events, separation from parents or
caregivers and being bullied. Personality some people are inclined towards experiencing
depression. For instance, people who tend to hold worries, have a low-self-esteem, are
perfectionists and are very sensitive towards negative criticism naturally have a higher likelihood
of facing depression.
Depression throughout history has always been a health problem for people. According to
articles written by philosophers and writers throughout humanity's history, there is depression,
which is a health condition. The articles also include some of the continuous struggles that have
been made to find a solution on treating this condition. For instance, the ancient Greeks and
Romans had different thinking on depression. Some of the literature shows that the Greeks had a
notion that depression was a form of evil spirit possession and used exorcism techniques like;
beatings and starvation as "treatments" to cure a person. On the other hand, the Romans thought
depression was a combination of biological and psychological issues and employed gymnastics,
special diet, herbal medicine and music to treat the patients (Taquet et al., 2020).
In our present day, some of the startling statistics concerning depression are; depression
affects approximately one in fifteen adults, that is close to 6.8% annually, and a projection of an
estimated one in six persons will encounter depression at a given point in their life, that is around
Christian Aguiar
All of these statistics come from research, so you need to cite them using an in-text citation like we learned in class. Luckily, we're reviewing them again today (3/17).
Christian Aguiar
Christian Aguiar
This is another place where you need to cite your source. Which literature tells us this?
Christian Aguiar
I like the historical context, Jasmin. This could be a great way to begin the script for your video, too.
Christian Aguiar
Since this is an argument based on research - it draws on what scientists know about depression - you need to make it clear what the source is.
Christian Aguiar
Do you mean "personally, some people are inclined..." or perhaps that "some people's perso ...
This document provides instructions for a close analysis assignment on an artist's self-portrait. It lists over 200 artists and their basic information. Students are asked to select one of the artists from the list, view their self-portrait, and analyze how the artist represented themselves externally through the internal. The analysis should explore "windows and doors" of the self-portrait image.
1
CLA1
Xueyao Dong
Westcliff University
INT 501 EF Concentration:
Purchasing and Human Resources
Professor: Dr. Julia Sherm
Octomber 20, 2021
2
Learning Objectives
This was my third semester at Westcliff University, and I explored a wide range of
helpful strategies and practical techniques that benefited my overall career and life balance.
For instance, the habit of professional journaling helps me release my stress and motivate
myself to keep on track towards my goal.
From week 3, I started to prepare the professional portfolio, and I felt it was an
excellent way to keep a record of my achievements and experiences. From week 5, the
interview exercise taken with the senior manager from my department, I have learned about
her personal experiences and know a little more about strategic leadership. Another valuable
material that I learned from this class is always to be prepared. Before I interview the senior
manager, I prepare additional questions to ask my supervisor and colleagues about my
performance. I was nervous during the interview, but these extra questions helped me come
down and make the conversion more smooth.
At the beginning of this semester, my goal was to improve my communication skills
in the workplace and learn how to be more flexible in dealing with incidents. From week six
course’s video, “I Wanna Be a Human Resources Officer - A Day in the Life of a Human
Resources Officer,” made me see some perspectives of the responsibility of a Human
Resources Officer and provided me some direction to improve my interpersonal skills. I
always find ways to improve my confidence when I communicate with people and learn how
to be an active listener.
Week seven’s video about “Internship Expectations vs. Realities- the Intern Queen”
makes me think about expectations and realities at the workplace. What expectation does the
employer look for, and how should I improve my performance regarding their expectation?
3
Additionally, through this semester, I realized different ways of conveying a message
could have other effects and impact communication effectiveness. During the internship, I
utilized the benefits of a supportive and positive environment.
Taking everything into account, I believe that I made significant progress towards my
goals, and I became more efficient and productive at work.
Internship Experiences
This semester I am considering switching to a new company that will allow me to
practice my professional skills in the area of individual and corporate taxes. Therefore, I
started my journey to submit job applications and prepare for an interview. Finding an
appropriate position that matches my interests and abilities is not an easy task. I felt frustrated
for the first few weeks when I did not get many responses. However, I record all my feelings
and things that I need to work on in my resume and cover letter in my journal. Additionally, I
love to write some inspirational and motivationa ...
1CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One Southern New HaEttaBenton28
1
CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One
Southern New Hampshire University
Destiny Nance
CJ 550
September 4th, 2022
CJ 550 2-2 Milestone One
A. What are the departments or subdivisions into which your selected organization is divided, and how do these subdivisions work together as a whole in relation to the mission of the organization?
Office of Programs and Re-entry is an organization that focuses on leadership alongside rehabilitative programs ensuring better lives within the community. The organization is divided into four central departments that work together to achieve a common goal. The first department is the Bureau of program development which focuses on the various designs and implementation of risks and needs assessment tools. It also implements other processes and policies key to the restoration alongside rehabilitation of justice to the affected individual within the surrounding.
The second is the department Bureau of Education, which deals with academic and career issues, including technical education and library services (Bell et al., 2018). The third department is the Bureau of Substance Use Treatment which is helpful in dealing with services assisting in the transition period between incarceration and the return to society. The other department is the Bureau of Chaplaincy services dealing with spiritual matters on inmates and offenders. The last department is volunteering with the FDC to assist in a rewarding experience for the citizens. All the departments work together to achieve the organizational goal and mission in leadership and rehabilitation programs that assist the community. Every department has strict policies that make it possible to ensure that it helps the organization achieve its mission.
B. Describe your selected subdivision, and outline the specific goals and responsibilities of the subdivision, describing how they align with the overall mission of the agency. Consider how the goals of the selected subdivision align with the mission of the agency.
The correction officers have a specific function: protecting the community by leading and supervising offenders and reporting the individual who has failed to comply with the regulations to sentencing. Alongside the organizational mission, the correction subdivision has its designed mission. Its mission is to deliver effective service to the community by service diligently while collaborating with other agencies of the criminal justice community (Bell et al., 2018). As such, it serves the community without violating their rights. The detention department ensures people's safety within the community by protecting the surrounding society in various ways, such as establishing safe, secure, and human supervision. It also provides the confinement of inmates by making them follow the law without violation.
However, the subdivision is faced with challenges like the overpopulation of inmates. The inmates are flocked within the organization, thus posing a chall ...
1CLA 1Every organization aims at achieving a cerEttaBenton28
1
CLA 1
Every organization aims at achieving a certain level of performance when it comes to the profitability of the organization. The sales force in any organization is very instrumental towards the performance of an organization as they help push the sales of an organization to the desired level. Organizations must see the value that the salespersons bring to the organization as this impacts the motivation and the productivity of the salespersons (Kuvaas et al., 2017). When a sales team feels that there is value to an organization then they become engaged in their work and perform well. Organizations can show that they value the salespersons by involving them in decision-making, paying them well, and also recognizing achievements.
Skill sets refer to the various abilities and abilities that an individual employee has that enable them to perform according to expectations in an organization. The skill sets vary from the type of sales employee; a salesperson needs more persuasion skills while a sales manager might need more communication skills and leadership skills (Kuczmarski & Kuczmarski, 2019). An organization can ensure that it has the right skill set by ensuring that the recruitment process is thorough and looks at the practical skills of employees as well.
Global sales refer to the sales that an organization makes outside the country where it is located. Global sales skills are important in ensuring that an organization can effectively penetrate an outside market. Global sales skills include understanding the cultural differences and the language of the target nation. A sales team needs to understand what is offensive in other nations such as gestures, body language so that they do not put off customers (Cuevas, 2018). The global sales skill needed by sales managers includes effective communication and an understanding of the trade regulations in different countries. They need to be able to contact customers remotely and manage sales teams in different locations.
The performance of any organization is important as it is an indicator of growth and progress in an organization. When it comes to the performance of employees it is directly related to the rewards system in an organization. Employees need to be motivated to put in extra work in the organization and the easiest way for an organization to motivate employees is to make them feel that they are appreciated and their efforts are recognized. Employees and particularly sales employees work in teams when the performance appraisal is done, it is important that the best-performed employees are rewarded (Asaari et al, 2019). When this is done the other members of the team will be inspired and motivated to increase productivity. An increase in the productivity of an employee translates to the performance of an organization in terms of sales and profitability.
Rewards are multidimensional and exist in different forms and categories in different organizations. The two broad categ ...
1Child Development Observation and ReflectionEttaBenton28
1
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
Lua Shanks
Dr. Edwards
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
80MOD 2 ASSIGN 2
06-27-2021
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
The observation data that I gathered and the process that I used to observe significantly informed my ability to conduct observations in the field. For instance, I learned the most important steps in observation such as familiarizing myself with the subjects and taking note of all the activities that take place since they are all useful in the final analysis. The observation data made me realize the value of being keen during field observations so that no detail is left out.
Some of the questions that emerged during the observation process about the children in the media are whether children have similar developmental capabilities and whether play can be used to rectify a child’s developmental delays. The overall experience of observing made me question teachers’ ability to understand all the unique aspects of child development and how they use them to create unique and engaging learning activities. I experienced the challenge of remaining objective since my personal feelings were consistently influenced by judgments and observations.
As I reflect on the observation process and the overall experience, the question that arises is how infants and young children can exhibit an interest in problem-solving yet their mental faculties have not fully developed. The question exposes the complexity of cognitive development in children since it reveals that children develop cognition from social, emotional, and perceptual experiences.
I would like to know the cognitive capabilities of the children I observed by having one on one sessions with them so that I could test their abilities. I believe that intelligence varies not only in adults but also in children an indication that a child’s developmental milestones are unique and different from that of another child. The only similarities are the age of occurrence for each developmental milestone.
The data that I obtained during my observations deepened my understanding of children’s development and learning. I realized that the developmental domains are interlinked since the development of one domain builds onto another domain. For instance, the development of the social and emotional domains contributes to the emergence of the cognitive domain. I realized that the domains do not operate in isolation but instead strengthen each other as the child develops. I also learned that the environment plays a significant role in a child’s development. For instance, when a child grows up i ...
This patient presented with a chief complaint of headaches that started two weeks ago. On three occasions, the patient's blood pressure was high, ranging from 159/100 to 160/100. The patient reported episodes of headaches sometimes accompanied by dizziness. A review of systems was negative except for the reported headaches and dizziness. The patient has a history of hypertension but no other significant medical history.
1CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL AND NUCLEAR (CBREttaBenton28
This document provides a historical overview of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism from the 1970s through the 1980s. It notes that while CBRN terrorism was not a major threat during this period, some terrorist groups did show interest in acquiring and using CBRN weapons. In the 1970s, there were a small number of incidents involving the use or acquisition of CBRN agents, mostly crude chemical or biological weapons. Debate emerged around terrorists' technical capabilities and motivations for CBRN use. In the 1980s, incidents slightly increased, including the first biological terrorism attack by the Rajneeshpuram Cult in 1984. However, CBRN terrorism was still not a
1CHAPTER 01G L O B A L R E P O R T O N2GEttaBenton28
This document provides a summary of a global report on ageism published by the World Health Organization in 2021. The report finds that ageism is widespread, harmful, and under-recognized. It affects people's health, well-being, and human rights. The report examines the scale, impact, and determinants of ageism against both older and younger people. It also reviews evidence on strategies to prevent and respond to ageism, such as policies and laws, educational interventions, and intergenerational contact. The report recommends investing in evidence-based strategies, improving data and research, and changing public narratives around age and aging to build a more age-inclusive world.
1Child Growth and DevelopmentYohana MangiaficoHousEttaBenton28
1
Child Growth and Development
Yohana Mangiafico
Houston Community College
TECA 1354: Child Growth and Development
Linda Jones
March 26, 2022
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add one more space between the title and your name.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add the department name.
2
My neighbor’s son is a seven-year-old child who has progressed to second grade and is
becoming less reliant on his parents. He is a bright and athletic child who can ride a bike, roller
skate, and play badminton and table tennis. The child is attentive and can read, recount stories,
and do puzzles with ease. He is physically fit, standing 3 feet 12 inches tall and weighing 24
pounds. The body of a child grows and changes as it prepares to become an adult (Papalia &
Martorell, 2018). Seven years is a remarkable age, especially for boys, because it marks the end
of the newborn years and the beginnings of adulthood. He is, nevertheless, going through a
seven-year crisis, a period of change in which the child gains a new perspective on the world. It
enables him to advance to the next stage of his growth. Both at home and on the playground, the
observation was made. This case study is based on observing and analyzing changes in a seven-
year-old boy's physical, psychosocial, emotional, and cognitive development.
The boy spends roughly an hour and a half every day on the playground. He interacts
with the kids, runs with them, jumps, plays the ball, and hangs from the crossbar. The muscles of
the legs, arms, chest, and back are all actively developed, according to the findings. He grows
tough and robust, and he can walk for several kilometers. He can change the speed of his
movement by running slowly or swiftly. He can hop over minor barriers and shift direction
without slowing down while in motion. He can jump forward, up, to the sides, and over tiny
obstacles on one foot. He climbs up and down the stairwell and the rope ladder with ease. The
child has no developmental limitations and can readily hang from the crossbar. He also has no
trouble socializing and communicating with his classmates and other youngsters on the
playground.
Observing him on the playground, it is apparent that the child has reached a high degree
of physical development. He develops strength, endurance, and dexterity needs constant
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add the heading for Physical Development
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
informal
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Yohana, the introduction should be like those in the Observation papers.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Title of the Paper
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
7
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Only report what you actually see the child do, or what the parents/guardians/teacher report.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
No opinions. Opinions are allowed in the summary portion.
3
exercise. While participating in sports, he understands and respects the rules of team games as
we ...
1
CHAPTER
2
THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:
OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS, INDUSTRY COMPETITION
AND COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
Opening remarks
Company’s strategic actions are affected by
External environment
Internal environment
External environment is the source of:
Opportunities
Threats
The need for monitoring and analyzing external environment
The pace of change
Complexity
Uncertainty
2
The general, industry and competitor
analysis
3
General environment – broader society dimensions ( 7 dimensions)
Demographic, economic, political/legal, sociocultural, technological, physical and global
Out of firm’s control so must monitor and gather information
Industry environment – factors in competitive environment
Threat of new entrants, power of suppliers, power of buyers, threat of product substitutes, intensity of rivalry among competitors
Firm must assess industry’s opportunities for profit potential
Competitor analysis or competitive intelligence – the way firm’s can gather and analyze information on the industry competitors
Identifying their actions, responses and intentions
These three analyses influence and are influenced by the firm’s vision, mission and strategic actions
The general, industry and competitor environments
4
Three External Environments include:
General
Industry
Competitor
Segments of the general environment
5
DEMOGRAPHIC
Population size
Geographic distribution
ECONOMIC
Nature and direction of the economy in which a firm competes or may compete
SOCIO-CULTURAL
Refers to potential and actual changes in the physical environment and business practices that are intended to positively respond to and deal with those changes
Age structure
Ethnic mix
Income distribution
POLITICAL/LEGAL
PHYSICAL
TECHNOLOGICAL
GLOBAL
Arena in which organizations and interest groups compete for attention, resources, and a voice in overseeing the body of laws and regulations guiding the interactions among nations as well as between firms and various local governmental agencies
Concerned with a society's attitudes and cultural values
Includes the institutions and activities involved with creating new knowledge and translating that knowledge into new products, processes, and materials
Includes relevant new global markets, existing markets that are changing, important international political events, and critical cultural and institutional characteristics of global markets
External environmental analysis
6
The objective of this analysis is identification of
Opportunities and
Threats
Opportunity – a condition in the external environment that helps a company achieve strategic competitiveness, if exploited
Threat – a condition in the external environment that may diminish company’s efforts towards achieving strategic competitiveness
The four-step process includes
Scanning
Monitoring
Forecasting
Assessing
1. Scanning
Studying all the segments of the general environment
Early signals of changes an ...
1Chapter Two Literature ReviewStudents NameName of theEttaBenton28
1
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Student's Name
Name of the Institution
Course Number and Name
Professor
Due Date
Privacy Issues in Multi-Tenant Cloud Computing
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Introduction
A multitenant cloud is a cloud computing architecture that allows customers to share computing resources in a public or private cloud. Multitenant involves different cloud computing clients using or transferring a single computing infrastructure. This arrangement exposes the clients who have agreed to various privacy issues relating to their data and information stored in the cloud (Al-Ruithe et al., 2018). Evidence indicates that some of the privacy issues involved in multitenant cloud computing include data leakage, data breach, and exposure of the private data relating to clients involved in the agreement. As the number of people using cloud computing balloon, privacy issues are becoming a significant problem for many consumers who use the same cloud computing architecture in a private or public setting. It is essential to define what multitenant cloud entails before developing a clear concept or problem that can be investigated. According to Park et al. (2018), "A multitenant cloud is a cloud computing architecture that allows customers to share computing resources in a public or private cloud" (Park et al., 2018). Each tenant's data must be isolated in this cloud computing arrangement and cannot be accessed or seen by the partner tenant. However, the recent growth in technology has made data privacy in cloud computing challenges, posing a big problem to cloud computing providers.
The theoretical foundation for the current privacy issues in multitenant cloud computing is drawn from the study done by Park et al. (2018). According to Park et al. (2018), the most significant privacy issue in multitenant cloud computing is the lack of configurability. Configurability poses a colossal privacy issue in this infrastructure because the tenants have to share the same configuration. However, there is little evidence to provide this theory, and this study will play a significant role in contributing to this theoretical framework (Meng et al., 2021). The purpose of the current study is to investigate privacy and confidentiality issues in multi-tenancy cloud computing. Specifically, in this chapter, studies that have been done in the last five years focusing on this topic will be reviewed through a professional literature review.
Chapter Outline
The current chapter will be structured using headings and subheadings to ensure that each aspect is captured during the literature review. The study will be structured in 12 different sections, of which some may have sub-sections. The twelve sections in the current chapter will include introduction, chapter outline, search strategy, introduction to cloud computing, multi-tenancy cloud computing, and cloud computing deployment models. The other sections will consist of cloud computing service models, ...
1CHAPTER 6 CHINAChinaBook ReferenceTerrill, R. J. (EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 6: CHINA
China
Book Reference
Terrill, R. J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge.
Concepts to Know
· Kuomintang
· Cultural Revolution
· Deng Xiaoping
· National People’s Congress
· Standing Committee
· The “Mass Line”
· Ministry of Public Security
· Residents’ Committees
· Criminal Detention
· Adjudication Committees
· Political-legal Committees
· Supreme People’s Court
· Basic People’s Courts
· Procuratorate
· People’s Assessor
· Confucians
· Legalists
· Compulsory Measures
· Administrative Regulations
· Labor Camps
· Death Penalty
· Bang-jiao
Introduction
CHINA is an ancient country that has one of the oldest civilizations on earth. Its written history is almost 4,000 years old, and throughout much of its existence, its cultural traditions have had a profound impact on the entire East Asian region. China occupies much of the mainland of East Asia and shares land borders with 14 countries (Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Vietnam). With a geographical area of about 3.7 million square miles, China is slightly larger than the United States (see Figure 6.1). Among the countries of the world, only Russia and Canada are larger in area. Unlike the United States, where almost 20 percent of the land is utilized for agriculture, China cultivates around 10 percent of its land on a permanent basis.
Because of rugged and inhospitable geographical conditions, particularly in the western regions, large areas of China are uninhabited. As a result, approximately two-thirds of the population live along the east coast, which represents about one-fifth of the land. China has long held the distinction of having the world’s largest population at more than 1.3 billion. This figure is greater than the combined populations of Europe, Russia, and the United States. More than 91 percent of the people belong to the Han ethnic group. All of the other ethnic minorities represent less than 1 percent of the population, with the exception of the Zhuang minority at 1.3 percent of the total population.
Approximately 31 percent of the labor force is employed in agriculture and forestry, with industrial and service ventures employing 30 and 36 percent, respectively. Iron, steel, and textiles are among the more prominent industries. In 1978, Chinese leaders initiated a program to modernize agriculture, industry, science and technology, and national defense. Their goal was to achieve a fairly advanced industrialized country by the year 2000. This program was prompted, in part, by the fact that the standard of living had been in a considerable state of decline since the 1950s.
Throughout China’s more recent political history under communism, the state essentially owned the industrial enterprises and commercial ventures of the country. Because people were guaranteed life-long employment, concerns about workforce productivity had been negl ...
1Chapter 9TelevisionBroadcast and Beyond2EttaBenton28
1
Chapter 9
Television:
Broadcast and Beyond
2
Sinclair Broadcast Group
Family run group of 173 stations in 81 markets; affiliated with Fox, ABC, CBS, NBC and Univision
Questions about corporate “must run” messages sent to affiliates brought company into the news
3
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
3
Sinclair Broadcast Group
Required broadcast of conservative commentaries
Biggest controversy was script complaining about “fake news” sent out to all stations to be recorded by local anchors
4
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Invention of Television
Philo T. Farnsworth
1922: diagrams plans for television at age 16
1930: receives patent cathode ray tube
RCA attempted to promote its own Vladimir Zworykin as inventor of TV
1947: Farnsworth’s television patent expires just before TV starts to take off
5
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
5
Beginning of Broadcast Television
1939: NBC starts broadcasting, most sets in bars, restaurants
1942: TV manufacturing suspended for duration of WW II; most stations go off air
Licensing of new TV stations suspended 1948–1952, leaving many cities without television
6
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
6
Lucy & Desi End Live TV
1951: Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz create I Love Lucy
One of the first sitcoms to be filmed, rather than live
Lucy and Desi hold onto syndication rights to the show, still being broadcast today
7
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
7
Color Television
1950s: early experiments in color television
1965: Big Three networks broadcasting in color
NBC peacock logo designed to tell B&W viewers show was in color
Early color TVs cost equivalent of big screen TVs today
8
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8
Beginning of Cable Television
Community antenna television (CATV)
Early form of cable television used to distribute broadcast channels in communities with poor television reception
Relatively expensive, was source of a good TV signal, not additional programming
9
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
9
Rebirth of Cable
By mid-1970s, FCC began loosening rules on cable companies
1975: HBO starts providing programming nationwide, sending signal to local cable companies via satellite
Key point: HBO could send programming to 1,000 cable companies as cheaply as to one
10
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
10
Ted Turner – Cable Pioneer
1963: inherits failing billboard company from father
1970: buys Channel 17 in Atlanta
Buys Atlanta Braves and Hawks sports franchises to provide programming for channel
Turns Channel 17 into Superstation WTBS in 1976, takes local station national
11
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in ...
1CHAPTER 5 RUSSIARussiaBook ReferenceTerrill, R. J.EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 5: RUSSIA
Russia
Book Reference
Terrill, R. J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge.
Concepts to Know
· Marxism–Leninism
· Mikhail Gorbachev
· Democratization
· Constitution of the Russian Federation
· President of the Russian Federation
· Federal Security Service (FSB)
· Propiska
· Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
· Judicial Department
· Procuracy
· Defense Counsel
· Justices of the Peace
· Jury
· Material Definition of Crime
· Measures of Restraint
· Plea Bargaining
· Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD)
· Commission on Juvenile Affairs
Introduction
THE LONGEST-RUNNING social science experiment of the twentieth century officially ended on December 25, 1991, with the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev as president of the Soviet Union. From the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 until Gorbachev’s resignation, the rulers of the Soviet Union had attempted to create a communist society that would be the envy of the world. Support for this goal was continual for more than 70 years, but the sense of purpose and direction began to unravel during the late 1980s. The principal cause for this shift in opinion was Gorbachev’s alternative rationale for achieving socialism. Although his ideas were a radical departure from some of the basic tenets of Leninism, Gorbachev generally favored implementing them incrementally. Nevertheless, disaffection with these ideas became quite pronounced among devoted communists, which led to the attempted coup of August 1991. This was followed by Gorbachev’s resignation and the formal dissolution of the country by year’s end.
The Soviet Union had been composed of 15 republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Russia was not only the largest republic in terms of territory and population, but it also dominated the policies of the Soviet Union—so much so that the words Russian and Soviet were often used interchangeably when referring to the foreign and domestic policies of the Soviet Union. Today, Russia is the largest country in the world, almost twice the size of the United States. It encompasses more than 6.5 million square miles that stretch from Eastern Europe through the northern half of Asia. The population of about 139 million has become more urban over the past 50 years. In fact, it has reached about 80 percent of the population— almost an exact reversal of the urban and rural ratio at the time of the 1917 Revolution (see Figure 5.1).
Russia is a federation consisting of six categories of administrative units. These include 21 republics, nine territories, 46 provinces, two federal cities, one autonomous republic, and four autonomous regions. Among these administrative units, the republics have the greatest claim to self-government. Although Russians comprise more than 80 percent of the country’s population, there are some 126 national ...
1Chapter 6Newspapers and the NewsReflections of aEttaBenton28
1
Chapter 6
Newspapers and the News:
Reflections of a Democratic Society
2
When Is It News That an Entire City
Is Being Poisoned By Its Water Supply?
City of Flint, Mich., had high levels of lead in its water after changing from lake to river water
Local journalists say they were slow to respond because officials said water was ok
But local journalists eventually drove the story to receive national attention
3
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
National journalists saw it as heartland story, followed national stories instead
Communities depend on local journalism for news about important local occurrences
When Is It News That an Entire City
Is Being Poisoned By Its Water Supply?
4
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Early Newspapers
1618: Curanto, published in Amsterdam, is first English-language newspaper
1622: newspapers being published in Britain, distributed through coffeehouses
Followers of church reformers John Calvin and Martin Luther among earliest publishers
5
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
5
Colonial Publishing
1690: Publick Occurrences, first paper published in American colonies
Colonial newspapers subject to British censorship
6
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
6
Colonial Publishing
1721: New England Courant
Published by James Franklin, Ben’s older brother
First paper published without “By Authority” notice; James sent to prison for doing so, Ben takes over publishing paper
7
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
7
Early American Newspapers
Audience primarily wealthy elite
Published by political parties
Focused on opinion, not news
Expensive and had small circulation
Generally bought by prepaid subscription
8
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8
Penny Press Revolution
Benjamin Day’s idea: The New York Sun – “It shines for all”
Sold on the street for one or two cents
Supported primarily by advertising
9
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
9
Penny Press Revolution
First papers to shift focus on news
Journalistic objectivity developed as a way to appeal to larger audiences
Rise of working class supported penny press growth
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
10
10
A Modern Democratic Society
Rapidly growing number of papers
Growing number of people working for wages
U.S. transforming from rural to urban society
Expanding interest in national and global events
Newspapers promoted democratic market society
People acquire the news “habit”
11
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
11
Newspaper Wars: Hearst vs. Pulitzer
Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World
Creation of the front page
Often staged sensational ...
1CHAPTER 4 SOUTH AFRICA South AfricaConcepts to Know·EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 4: SOUTH AFRICA
South Africa
Concepts to Know
· Afrikaner
· Apartheid
· Natives Land Act (1913)
· African National Congress
· National Party
· Group Areas Act (1950)
· Nelson Mandela
· Freedom Charter (1955)
· Truth and Reconciliation Commission
· Ubuntu
· National Assembly
· Public Protector
· Independent Police Investigative Directorate
· S v. Makwanyana (1995)
· Judicial Service Commission
· Law Reform Commission
· Constitutional Court
· Advocates
· Assessors
· Inspecting Judge
· NICRO
· Child Justice Act (2008)
Introduction
SOUTH AFRICA encompasses the southern tip of the African continent. It is the ninth largest country on the continent and the thirty-third largest in the world. Its northern border is shared with Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Swaziland. Its coastline borders the Indian Ocean on the east and south and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. In addition, South Africa surrounds the small country of Lesotho, which is approximately the size of the state of Maryland. Lesotho is a constitutional monarchy that gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1966 (see Figure 4.1).
The population of South Africa is almost 53 million and consists of 79.5 percent black, 9 percent white, 9 percent “colored,” and 2.5 percent Asian or Indian residents. The use of the word “colored” in the South African context refers to people of mixed race and often is associated with people of African and Dutch ancestry. The principal industries of the country are minerals, mining, motor vehicles, and machinery. South Africa is a significant producer of platinum, manganese, gold, and chrome. Its major trading markets include China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
South Africa has 11 official languages: Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga. With the exception of Afrikaans and English, the other languages are all Bantu languages. Bantu languages are spoken by more than 100 million Africans in east, central, and southern Africa. Afrikaans is a seventeenth-century variation of Dutch that has been considered a distinct language since the nineteenth century. Approximately 7 percent of the South African population are Afrikaners, that is, people who trace their roots to the early Dutch, French, and German settlers. Most of the English spoken is by nonwhites, along with approximately 2 million English-speaking whites who trace their ancestors to British immigrants and to the 1 million people of Asian/Indian origins.
Throughout the second half of the twentieth century South Africa was associated most with its policy of apartheid, a white supremacist ideology that emphasized white domination and racial discrimination. More will be said about apartheid shortly. First, an outline is offered of the arrival of white Europeans to this part of Africa and the pre-apartheid policies of racial segregation that had been introduced and in practice for a num ...
1Chapter 3 JAPANIntroductionJAPAN is an island countrEttaBenton28
1
Chapter 3: JAPAN
Introduction
JAPAN is an island country located off the eastern coast of the Eurasian continent. It is generally considered a small country, in part because its geographical proximity to China and Russia dwarfs its size. However, compared to western European countries, Japan’s 145,902 square miles make it larger than England or Italy. In terms of the United States, it is slightly smaller than the state of California (see Figure 3.1). Japan’s population of 126.5 million is more than twice that found in England, and they are among the world’s most literate people. It is also interesting to note that Japan’s population is growing older faster than any other country in the world. This fact raises a host of economic and social issues for the country’s future. Because the terrain is very mountainous and the habitable land limited, Japan is one of the most densely populated regions in the world.
Although the climate is conducive to farming, less than 15 percent of the land is fertile enough for agriculture. Fishing has long been a significant source of income, but the attention Japan receives regarding its economy generally centers on its industrial production. Before the middle of the nineteenth century, Japan was one of the most isolated countries in the world, and this insular position was by design. The political leadership realized, however, that it could no longer maintain that posture completely. As a result, the leaders made a conscious decision to industrialize. Although the country is not rich in mineral deposits, Japan has emerged as an industrial giant since World War II. Japan is unique in that it is the only non-Western country that has become completely industrialized, exporting a wide range of products that include motor vehicles, electronic equipment, and mechanical tools.
Like the Scandinavians, the Japanese have remained one of the most homogenous of the advanced peoples in the world. More than 98 percent of the population is Japanese, and the largest minority group is Korean. The Japanese have a common history, language, and race. The dominant religions are Shintoism and Buddhism, but these are viewed more as features of Japanese custom than as beliefs that attract devoted followers. It has been estimated that between 70 and 80 percent of the people do not practice any religion. The homogenous qualities of the Japanese are enhanced further by their insular society and entrepreneurial spirit. This may appear somewhat contradictory from a Western perspective, but it is an example of a curious blending of the country’s traditions with modern pragmatism.
The Japanese recognized the value of expanding their trade routes and introducing industrialization to an economy that for centuries had been based on feudal principles. Because of their commitment to this change, the Japanese are recognized today for a competitive spirit that had long been associated with capitalist countries in the West. However, it is a group ...
1Chapter 10The InternetMass Communication Gets EttaBenton28
The document provides an overview of Chapter 10 from the textbook "Mass Communication: Living in a Media World" which discusses the history and development of the Internet and online media. It describes how the Internet originated from ARPANET and early computer networks in the 1960s-70s and the development of protocols like TCP/IP that allowed these networks to connect. It discusses the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989 and how it has become a major mass communication platform through features like email, social media, blogs and video sharing. It also covers the rise of online video games and eSports as a form of media and spectator activity.
1CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTIONIntroduction to the Problem EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Introduction to the Problem
In America, increasingly students are graduating from high school than ever before.
According to the Insider (2019), last yeast about 85% of the country's graduating class walked
across the stage and received their high school. As the graduation rate increases nationwide, we
are also witnessing a surge in schools' enrollment around the country. The vast graduation rate is
generally a positive development for our country's educational system, but it does provide some
consequences, particularly overcrowded classrooms and a shortage of educators. Due to the
congestion in classrooms, the future of academic excellence is endangered as the focus shifts to
the number of graduates from a class rather than the quality of education. In a report from
Learning Policy Institute, the educator shortage crisis is present, and it will get worst, and the
educator occupation is at its lowest point in 20years (Floyd, 2019). With the predicted lousy
situation, it is crucial to assess this overcrowded class issue to provide solutions and
recommendations to the government on ways to enhance resilience and resolving the issue in the
long-term plans. Overcrowding in schools has become major fretfulness in our educational
system, compelling most states to take legislative action to limit the number of students per
classroom.
Notably, the Florida citizens approved an amendment to the Titled Chapter 2003-391,
Laws of Florida, requiring a reduction in the number of students by at least two students per year
beginning in the 2003-04 school year until the maximum number of students per classroom did
not exceed the requirements in law (Class Size, n.d.). A qualitative survey will be an essential
tool for this study to collect data and insights on the experiences with the crowded classrooms to
understand the crisis deeply. Besides, a qualitative survey will help account for the educators'
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2
and students' opinions and experiences about the overcrowded school environment. Therefore,
the researcher can attain insights on what would have been different if the congestion issue was
absent or well addressed. Thus, to acquire knowledge about congestion challenges in the
classrooms, this study poses a guiding qualitative question ...
1
CHAPTER 2
2
PEER REVIEWED SUMMARY
i. Introduction
ii. Title Searches, Articles, Research Documents and Journals
iii. Big Data
a. What is Big Data
b. Examples of Big Data
c. Pros/Cons of Big Data
d. Industries using Big Data
i. Automobile ~
ii. Manufacturing
iii. Telecommunication
iv. ITS – Intelligent Transportation Systems
a. Introduction to ITS
b. Examples
c. Fields of ITS
i. Automotive Control system
ii. Public Safety
iii. Traffic Management
iv. Public Transportation system
v. Commercial Vehicles Control System
d. ITS Cyber Security
i. Definition and Importance
ii. Vulnerability incidents
v. Big Data and ITS
a. Big Data in ITS
i. Big Data from Smart Cards
ii. Big Data from GPS
iii. Big Data from Sensors
iv. Big Data from Videos
v. Big Data from Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs)
vi. Big Data from Vehicle Adhoc Network (VANET)
vii. Big Data from Other Sources
b. Gaps in Big Data for ITS
vi. Cyber security
a. Phishing
b. Eves dropping
c. Cyber terrorism
d. Vehicle communication security breach (VANET)
e. Data Breach in industries and Examples
i. Automobile
ii. Manufacturing
iii. Telecommunication
vii. Theoretical framework
viii. Review of Methodological Literature
ix. Summary
Introduction
In recent studies, big data is becoming a more appealing research subject in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), as shown by the fact that it is employed in various projects worldwide. The enormous volumes of data produced will have significant ramifications for the design and implementation of intelligent transportation systems and in turn the need to make it safer, more efficient, and profitable. Intelligent transportation systems will create a large amount of data, which will be used to make transportation-related decisions (Darwish & Bakar, 2018). The first section of this chapter is dedicated to a detailed research of the history and characteristics of big data, intelligent transportation systems and Cyber security combined. This chapter will also cover the ITS framework, data collection and management techniques, data analytics methodologies, ITS platforms, examples of Big data and importance of Big Data and ITS in many other industries. A wide range of topics, including road traffic accident analysis, road traffic flow prediction, public transportation service planning, personal travel route planning, public safety, commercial vehicles control systems, and more, are covered in this chapter of big data applications in intelligent transportation systems (Darwish & Bakar, 2018). Finally, this chapter discusses some of the problems and gaps that still need to be researched regarding big data in Intelligent Transportation Systems in Automobiles on cyber security vulnerabilities.
According to a research done by Transportation Research Board, the growing use of Big Data in large-scale Internet-of-Vehicles deployments has opened the door to previously imagined possibilities for unified transportation se ...
1CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS9CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONSEttaBenton28
1
CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS
9
CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS
Discussion Board 4: Changes of Organizations
John Ireland
Author Note
John Ireland
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Changes of Organizations
Introduction
Organizational changes and reengineering are as old as organizations' existence and even referenced in the bible. The story of Moses and his father-in-law (King James Bible, 1769/2017, Exodus 18:13-27) discussing the people's judgment is an example of how delegation of authority can be implemented and handed down to others to complete the same judgment that Moses was employed and responsible for. It is equivalent to organizational leadership delegating authority to make decisions and effect changes with the limited risk involved. It is one of the first examples of a loosely coupled system. A loosely coupled system reduces the risk that a change made within one element will create unanticipated changes within other elements (Tech Target, 2011). Today, organizational changes have several factors of consideration by an organization to reduce the risk associated with decisions to implement changes. Those factors include the organizational structure, the current strategy, and the environmental impact on the market and industry.
The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world stage in early 2020 is a prime example of recent changes that affect the changes that impact organizational operations today. The changes included a teleworking environment where employees considered non-essential to the traditional in-person approach could work using technology platforms to communicate and remain productive at a safe distance, not infecting or becoming infected by a deadly virus. Like anything encountered in life that is not ideal, knowing that God has a plan already in place for us and digging deep to persevere for a better day is essential to come out victorious on the other side. Merida, Platt, and Akin (2015) say “we should be reminded of the grace of God, who brings refreshing fall-like seasons in our life (Merida, Platt, & Akin, 2015, p.277).”
Remote Workforce
An emerging switch in how organizations had to adapt and rapidly respond to a change to the working environment that affected millions around the globe was a remote working environment to continue operations. Something considered impossible became a welcomed necessity to continue operations and maintain the same level of service and production as before the pandemic hit. The rise in how many organizations embraced and executed a telework posture almost quadrupled.
Early estimates suggested that, due to the pandemic, approximately 50% of the European workforce worked remotely compared with 12% prior to the pandemic (Ahrendt, Cabrita, Clerici, Hurley, & Leončikas, 2020). Private sector organizations were moving toward telework as an option to continue operations, and the public sectors were as well. The Department of Defense (DoD) identified non-essential or non-cr ...
1
Change Proposal Summary Report
Jessica Ramos
Capella University
FPX 6218: Leading the Future of Health Care
Dr. Donna Ryan
November 24, 2021
2
Change Proposal Summary Report
One of the clinical conditions affecting numerous people globally is diabetes. Around 35
million people in the United States are diagnosed with diabetes annually. Based on the world
statistics, diabetes pervasiveness has increased promptly among people of low and middle
incomes. Accordingly, people living in countries such as India and China have the highest
prevalence of diabetes. Globally, approximately 5.0 million deaths resulted from diabetes and
diabetes-related disorders. Again, the countries spend billions of dollars on health expenditures for
diabetic patients and other approaches to minimize its prevalence through education and other
evidence-based practices. Besides, more than 400 million people globally are likely to develop
type 2 diabetes mellitus. The executive summary will describe some of the challenges facing
healthcare, such as type 2 diabetes, and ideal strategies and measures to mitigate such health issues.
Executive Summary
Proposed Change
Globally, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic health issue affecting numerous people.
From statistics, persons diagnosed with the disease have increased significantly in the past few
decades. The Center for Disease Control has pointed out a high incidence of type 2 diabetes
mellitus among children, the elderly, and teenagers (Mayer-Davis et al., 2017). Some of the risk
factors aligned with diabetes mellitus encompass behavioral practices, lifestyle, and genetics. A
proposed change to lessen the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus entails implementing
programs including the Lifestyle Change Program and Diabetes Management Education and
Support (DMES). Such a proposed change will play a central role in raising awareness and giving
people critical information regarding type 2 diabetes, its prevention, and management (Munshi et
al., 2016). From contemporary clinical studies, recognizing diabetes risk factors early is crucial in
Donna Ryan
need to cite sources of all facts in this paragraph
Donna Ryan
cite source of this fact
3
preventing and managing chronic disorders (American Diabetes Association, 2016). Efficient
therapy might prevent or precisely delay diabetic complications. Thus, the DMES program
educates people regarding diabetes, preventive, and management strategies to improve their
lifestyle and behavioral practices.
Desired Outcomes
There is a need to boost awareness of various risk factors aligned with type 2 diabetes
mellitus. Many people will understand the risk factors contributing to the clinical disorder and
various measures or strategies to reduce its prevalence through the proposed programs ...
1Case Study Cystic FibrosisCystic Fibrosis Case StudyEttaBenton28
1
Case Study Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis: Case Study
The patient is a 7-year-old female. Due to the fact that the patient is a minor, her mother walked into the ER with her. The mother explained that her symptoms consist of persistent coughing throughout the day and it becomes worse at night, the coughing often results in spitting out phlegm. Along with wheezing, stuffy nose, loss of appetite, pain in the abdomen, and the taste of salty skin. The patient has been up coughing and complaining about the pain for 5 hours. Since the patient’s mother had thought it was a regular cold, she had been giving her children’s Tylenol for the past 3 days, 5 mL every 4 hours. Once the patient was taken in, a physical assessment was performed. The questions that were asked to the patients mother were about family history of CF, history of bowel obstruction as an infant, stool, and eating habits (nurses labs 2018). Because of the fact that the patient’s mom mentioned her skin having a salty taste, a sweat test has been recommended to check for cystic fibrosis. The sweat test measures the amount of chloride in sweat while the genetic test detects chromosomal mutations (Very Well Health 2019). Patient has now been diagnosed with cystic fibrous and will be admitted to the hospital for further instructions.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis is based on the defects in the cystic fibrosis gene, which codes for protein transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that functions as a chloride channel and is regulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) (Nurselabs 2018). Cystic fibrosis is often caught at birth but there are cases where people begin to develop it later in life. If it is detected as birth, many persons with cystic fibrosis acquire a lung infection which incites an inflammatory response, the infection becomes established with a distinctive bacterial flora (Nurselabs 2018). If there is a case of a person developing cystic fibrosis as they get older, there are many symptoms that come along with it and it does affect many parts of your body. It can affect your GI tract, pancreas and your sweat glands which causes the skin to taste salt like. Symptoms may include pain in the abdomen, having a chronic cough that may include blood or phlegm, any gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, fat in the stool, heartburn, severe constipation, or bulky stools. When it affects your respiratory system, it can cause pulmonary hypertension, shortness of breath, sinusitis, wheezing, acute bronchitis, and/or pneumonia. There might also be a delay in puberty, growth, and in development. Other commons side effects include deformity of nails, different infections, male infertility, nasal polyps or weight loss (Mayo Clinic 2020).
History
The symptoms presented by the patient include coughing up phlegm, wheezing, stuffy nose, pain in the abdomen, salty skin and loss of appetite. In the past the patient has h ...
1Causes and Effects of Literature Review ChallengesJamiah EttaBenton28
1
Causes and Effects of Literature Review Challenges
Jamiah Riddick
Walden University
FPSY - 6393
MS Psychology Capstone
Dr. Jackson
April 18th, 2021
2
Various advances of conducting empirical knowledge on communication arise through literature review synthesizing a significant number of studies into substantive view. A literature review involves different forms where the most familiar is a review conducted within a specific study—a research report after thorough search proceeds from reviewing earlier related work.
Whether one is a doctoral graduate or a student currently, conducting and carrying out research is considered an essential part of becoming a scholar-practitioner accustomed to credibility and skills of effecting social changes. However, these processes face various challenges. Such approaches have no relevance or contain poor evidence, lack of reliability of transparency, and biases from the selection. However, the above challenges are caused by failure to select the right topic, failure to find the appropriate methodology, and dealing with individual data.
Lack of reliability towards transparency is a challenge faced when conducting research. One must select an appropriate topic since it is the foundation of your research paper. Likewise, mindfulness and enthusiasm are absent for the strategies expected to guarantee precise audits are as liberated from predisposition and as solid as could be expected: shown by later, defective, prominent surveys. We approach survey creators to lead more thorough audits, on editors and companion commentators to door keep all the more rigorously, and the local area of methodologists to all the more likely help the more extensive exploration local area. Exclusively by cooperating would we be able to fabricate and keep a solid arrangement of thorough, proof educated dynamic in protection and natural administration (Neal, 2020). Therefore, individuals should ensure that they select a doable topic, read and research the topic create a theoretical basis that helps and supports the topic (Neal, 2020). It is also significant to select a topic that answers all
3
your interests by focusing on a niche that can help you make a significant difference. Also, try to capture all opportunities that can help you picking expert brains.
The challenge on poor relevance and evidence results from the selection of appropriate methodologies. A methodology is a specific procedure that helps individuals in conducting their research as a path to moving forward. Ensure that you are completely honest with the abilities while honing the study design. After deciding on whether you are adopting a qualitative and quantitative direction, ensure you focus further on the methodology details. This starts from the sources of data collection being variable while consulting different researchers. This will create honesty about one's abilities and get open to bringing a research team to develop your analysis. The best way to ...
1Child Development Observation and ReflectionEttaBenton28
1
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
Lua Shanks
Dr. Edwards
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
80MOD 2 ASSIGN 2
06-27-2021
Child Development: Observation and Reflection
The observation data that I gathered and the process that I used to observe significantly informed my ability to conduct observations in the field. For instance, I learned the most important steps in observation such as familiarizing myself with the subjects and taking note of all the activities that take place since they are all useful in the final analysis. The observation data made me realize the value of being keen during field observations so that no detail is left out.
Some of the questions that emerged during the observation process about the children in the media are whether children have similar developmental capabilities and whether play can be used to rectify a child’s developmental delays. The overall experience of observing made me question teachers’ ability to understand all the unique aspects of child development and how they use them to create unique and engaging learning activities. I experienced the challenge of remaining objective since my personal feelings were consistently influenced by judgments and observations.
As I reflect on the observation process and the overall experience, the question that arises is how infants and young children can exhibit an interest in problem-solving yet their mental faculties have not fully developed. The question exposes the complexity of cognitive development in children since it reveals that children develop cognition from social, emotional, and perceptual experiences.
I would like to know the cognitive capabilities of the children I observed by having one on one sessions with them so that I could test their abilities. I believe that intelligence varies not only in adults but also in children an indication that a child’s developmental milestones are unique and different from that of another child. The only similarities are the age of occurrence for each developmental milestone.
The data that I obtained during my observations deepened my understanding of children’s development and learning. I realized that the developmental domains are interlinked since the development of one domain builds onto another domain. For instance, the development of the social and emotional domains contributes to the emergence of the cognitive domain. I realized that the domains do not operate in isolation but instead strengthen each other as the child develops. I also learned that the environment plays a significant role in a child’s development. For instance, when a child grows up i ...
This patient presented with a chief complaint of headaches that started two weeks ago. On three occasions, the patient's blood pressure was high, ranging from 159/100 to 160/100. The patient reported episodes of headaches sometimes accompanied by dizziness. A review of systems was negative except for the reported headaches and dizziness. The patient has a history of hypertension but no other significant medical history.
1CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL AND NUCLEAR (CBREttaBenton28
This document provides a historical overview of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism from the 1970s through the 1980s. It notes that while CBRN terrorism was not a major threat during this period, some terrorist groups did show interest in acquiring and using CBRN weapons. In the 1970s, there were a small number of incidents involving the use or acquisition of CBRN agents, mostly crude chemical or biological weapons. Debate emerged around terrorists' technical capabilities and motivations for CBRN use. In the 1980s, incidents slightly increased, including the first biological terrorism attack by the Rajneeshpuram Cult in 1984. However, CBRN terrorism was still not a
1CHAPTER 01G L O B A L R E P O R T O N2GEttaBenton28
This document provides a summary of a global report on ageism published by the World Health Organization in 2021. The report finds that ageism is widespread, harmful, and under-recognized. It affects people's health, well-being, and human rights. The report examines the scale, impact, and determinants of ageism against both older and younger people. It also reviews evidence on strategies to prevent and respond to ageism, such as policies and laws, educational interventions, and intergenerational contact. The report recommends investing in evidence-based strategies, improving data and research, and changing public narratives around age and aging to build a more age-inclusive world.
1Child Growth and DevelopmentYohana MangiaficoHousEttaBenton28
1
Child Growth and Development
Yohana Mangiafico
Houston Community College
TECA 1354: Child Growth and Development
Linda Jones
March 26, 2022
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add one more space between the title and your name.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add the department name.
2
My neighbor’s son is a seven-year-old child who has progressed to second grade and is
becoming less reliant on his parents. He is a bright and athletic child who can ride a bike, roller
skate, and play badminton and table tennis. The child is attentive and can read, recount stories,
and do puzzles with ease. He is physically fit, standing 3 feet 12 inches tall and weighing 24
pounds. The body of a child grows and changes as it prepares to become an adult (Papalia &
Martorell, 2018). Seven years is a remarkable age, especially for boys, because it marks the end
of the newborn years and the beginnings of adulthood. He is, nevertheless, going through a
seven-year crisis, a period of change in which the child gains a new perspective on the world. It
enables him to advance to the next stage of his growth. Both at home and on the playground, the
observation was made. This case study is based on observing and analyzing changes in a seven-
year-old boy's physical, psychosocial, emotional, and cognitive development.
The boy spends roughly an hour and a half every day on the playground. He interacts
with the kids, runs with them, jumps, plays the ball, and hangs from the crossbar. The muscles of
the legs, arms, chest, and back are all actively developed, according to the findings. He grows
tough and robust, and he can walk for several kilometers. He can change the speed of his
movement by running slowly or swiftly. He can hop over minor barriers and shift direction
without slowing down while in motion. He can jump forward, up, to the sides, and over tiny
obstacles on one foot. He climbs up and down the stairwell and the rope ladder with ease. The
child has no developmental limitations and can readily hang from the crossbar. He also has no
trouble socializing and communicating with his classmates and other youngsters on the
playground.
Observing him on the playground, it is apparent that the child has reached a high degree
of physical development. He develops strength, endurance, and dexterity needs constant
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Add the heading for Physical Development
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
informal
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Yohana, the introduction should be like those in the Observation papers.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Title of the Paper
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
7
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
Only report what you actually see the child do, or what the parents/guardians/teacher report.
Linda Jones
57280000000003184
No opinions. Opinions are allowed in the summary portion.
3
exercise. While participating in sports, he understands and respects the rules of team games as
we ...
1
CHAPTER
2
THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:
OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS, INDUSTRY COMPETITION
AND COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
Opening remarks
Company’s strategic actions are affected by
External environment
Internal environment
External environment is the source of:
Opportunities
Threats
The need for monitoring and analyzing external environment
The pace of change
Complexity
Uncertainty
2
The general, industry and competitor
analysis
3
General environment – broader society dimensions ( 7 dimensions)
Demographic, economic, political/legal, sociocultural, technological, physical and global
Out of firm’s control so must monitor and gather information
Industry environment – factors in competitive environment
Threat of new entrants, power of suppliers, power of buyers, threat of product substitutes, intensity of rivalry among competitors
Firm must assess industry’s opportunities for profit potential
Competitor analysis or competitive intelligence – the way firm’s can gather and analyze information on the industry competitors
Identifying their actions, responses and intentions
These three analyses influence and are influenced by the firm’s vision, mission and strategic actions
The general, industry and competitor environments
4
Three External Environments include:
General
Industry
Competitor
Segments of the general environment
5
DEMOGRAPHIC
Population size
Geographic distribution
ECONOMIC
Nature and direction of the economy in which a firm competes or may compete
SOCIO-CULTURAL
Refers to potential and actual changes in the physical environment and business practices that are intended to positively respond to and deal with those changes
Age structure
Ethnic mix
Income distribution
POLITICAL/LEGAL
PHYSICAL
TECHNOLOGICAL
GLOBAL
Arena in which organizations and interest groups compete for attention, resources, and a voice in overseeing the body of laws and regulations guiding the interactions among nations as well as between firms and various local governmental agencies
Concerned with a society's attitudes and cultural values
Includes the institutions and activities involved with creating new knowledge and translating that knowledge into new products, processes, and materials
Includes relevant new global markets, existing markets that are changing, important international political events, and critical cultural and institutional characteristics of global markets
External environmental analysis
6
The objective of this analysis is identification of
Opportunities and
Threats
Opportunity – a condition in the external environment that helps a company achieve strategic competitiveness, if exploited
Threat – a condition in the external environment that may diminish company’s efforts towards achieving strategic competitiveness
The four-step process includes
Scanning
Monitoring
Forecasting
Assessing
1. Scanning
Studying all the segments of the general environment
Early signals of changes an ...
1Chapter Two Literature ReviewStudents NameName of theEttaBenton28
1
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Student's Name
Name of the Institution
Course Number and Name
Professor
Due Date
Privacy Issues in Multi-Tenant Cloud Computing
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Introduction
A multitenant cloud is a cloud computing architecture that allows customers to share computing resources in a public or private cloud. Multitenant involves different cloud computing clients using or transferring a single computing infrastructure. This arrangement exposes the clients who have agreed to various privacy issues relating to their data and information stored in the cloud (Al-Ruithe et al., 2018). Evidence indicates that some of the privacy issues involved in multitenant cloud computing include data leakage, data breach, and exposure of the private data relating to clients involved in the agreement. As the number of people using cloud computing balloon, privacy issues are becoming a significant problem for many consumers who use the same cloud computing architecture in a private or public setting. It is essential to define what multitenant cloud entails before developing a clear concept or problem that can be investigated. According to Park et al. (2018), "A multitenant cloud is a cloud computing architecture that allows customers to share computing resources in a public or private cloud" (Park et al., 2018). Each tenant's data must be isolated in this cloud computing arrangement and cannot be accessed or seen by the partner tenant. However, the recent growth in technology has made data privacy in cloud computing challenges, posing a big problem to cloud computing providers.
The theoretical foundation for the current privacy issues in multitenant cloud computing is drawn from the study done by Park et al. (2018). According to Park et al. (2018), the most significant privacy issue in multitenant cloud computing is the lack of configurability. Configurability poses a colossal privacy issue in this infrastructure because the tenants have to share the same configuration. However, there is little evidence to provide this theory, and this study will play a significant role in contributing to this theoretical framework (Meng et al., 2021). The purpose of the current study is to investigate privacy and confidentiality issues in multi-tenancy cloud computing. Specifically, in this chapter, studies that have been done in the last five years focusing on this topic will be reviewed through a professional literature review.
Chapter Outline
The current chapter will be structured using headings and subheadings to ensure that each aspect is captured during the literature review. The study will be structured in 12 different sections, of which some may have sub-sections. The twelve sections in the current chapter will include introduction, chapter outline, search strategy, introduction to cloud computing, multi-tenancy cloud computing, and cloud computing deployment models. The other sections will consist of cloud computing service models, ...
1CHAPTER 6 CHINAChinaBook ReferenceTerrill, R. J. (EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 6: CHINA
China
Book Reference
Terrill, R. J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge.
Concepts to Know
· Kuomintang
· Cultural Revolution
· Deng Xiaoping
· National People’s Congress
· Standing Committee
· The “Mass Line”
· Ministry of Public Security
· Residents’ Committees
· Criminal Detention
· Adjudication Committees
· Political-legal Committees
· Supreme People’s Court
· Basic People’s Courts
· Procuratorate
· People’s Assessor
· Confucians
· Legalists
· Compulsory Measures
· Administrative Regulations
· Labor Camps
· Death Penalty
· Bang-jiao
Introduction
CHINA is an ancient country that has one of the oldest civilizations on earth. Its written history is almost 4,000 years old, and throughout much of its existence, its cultural traditions have had a profound impact on the entire East Asian region. China occupies much of the mainland of East Asia and shares land borders with 14 countries (Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Vietnam). With a geographical area of about 3.7 million square miles, China is slightly larger than the United States (see Figure 6.1). Among the countries of the world, only Russia and Canada are larger in area. Unlike the United States, where almost 20 percent of the land is utilized for agriculture, China cultivates around 10 percent of its land on a permanent basis.
Because of rugged and inhospitable geographical conditions, particularly in the western regions, large areas of China are uninhabited. As a result, approximately two-thirds of the population live along the east coast, which represents about one-fifth of the land. China has long held the distinction of having the world’s largest population at more than 1.3 billion. This figure is greater than the combined populations of Europe, Russia, and the United States. More than 91 percent of the people belong to the Han ethnic group. All of the other ethnic minorities represent less than 1 percent of the population, with the exception of the Zhuang minority at 1.3 percent of the total population.
Approximately 31 percent of the labor force is employed in agriculture and forestry, with industrial and service ventures employing 30 and 36 percent, respectively. Iron, steel, and textiles are among the more prominent industries. In 1978, Chinese leaders initiated a program to modernize agriculture, industry, science and technology, and national defense. Their goal was to achieve a fairly advanced industrialized country by the year 2000. This program was prompted, in part, by the fact that the standard of living had been in a considerable state of decline since the 1950s.
Throughout China’s more recent political history under communism, the state essentially owned the industrial enterprises and commercial ventures of the country. Because people were guaranteed life-long employment, concerns about workforce productivity had been negl ...
1Chapter 9TelevisionBroadcast and Beyond2EttaBenton28
1
Chapter 9
Television:
Broadcast and Beyond
2
Sinclair Broadcast Group
Family run group of 173 stations in 81 markets; affiliated with Fox, ABC, CBS, NBC and Univision
Questions about corporate “must run” messages sent to affiliates brought company into the news
3
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
3
Sinclair Broadcast Group
Required broadcast of conservative commentaries
Biggest controversy was script complaining about “fake news” sent out to all stations to be recorded by local anchors
4
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Invention of Television
Philo T. Farnsworth
1922: diagrams plans for television at age 16
1930: receives patent cathode ray tube
RCA attempted to promote its own Vladimir Zworykin as inventor of TV
1947: Farnsworth’s television patent expires just before TV starts to take off
5
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
5
Beginning of Broadcast Television
1939: NBC starts broadcasting, most sets in bars, restaurants
1942: TV manufacturing suspended for duration of WW II; most stations go off air
Licensing of new TV stations suspended 1948–1952, leaving many cities without television
6
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
6
Lucy & Desi End Live TV
1951: Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz create I Love Lucy
One of the first sitcoms to be filmed, rather than live
Lucy and Desi hold onto syndication rights to the show, still being broadcast today
7
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
7
Color Television
1950s: early experiments in color television
1965: Big Three networks broadcasting in color
NBC peacock logo designed to tell B&W viewers show was in color
Early color TVs cost equivalent of big screen TVs today
8
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8
Beginning of Cable Television
Community antenna television (CATV)
Early form of cable television used to distribute broadcast channels in communities with poor television reception
Relatively expensive, was source of a good TV signal, not additional programming
9
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
9
Rebirth of Cable
By mid-1970s, FCC began loosening rules on cable companies
1975: HBO starts providing programming nationwide, sending signal to local cable companies via satellite
Key point: HBO could send programming to 1,000 cable companies as cheaply as to one
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Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
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Ted Turner – Cable Pioneer
1963: inherits failing billboard company from father
1970: buys Channel 17 in Atlanta
Buys Atlanta Braves and Hawks sports franchises to provide programming for channel
Turns Channel 17 into Superstation WTBS in 1976, takes local station national
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Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in ...
1CHAPTER 5 RUSSIARussiaBook ReferenceTerrill, R. J.EttaBenton28
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CHAPTER 5: RUSSIA
Russia
Book Reference
Terrill, R. J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge.
Concepts to Know
· Marxism–Leninism
· Mikhail Gorbachev
· Democratization
· Constitution of the Russian Federation
· President of the Russian Federation
· Federal Security Service (FSB)
· Propiska
· Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
· Judicial Department
· Procuracy
· Defense Counsel
· Justices of the Peace
· Jury
· Material Definition of Crime
· Measures of Restraint
· Plea Bargaining
· Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD)
· Commission on Juvenile Affairs
Introduction
THE LONGEST-RUNNING social science experiment of the twentieth century officially ended on December 25, 1991, with the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev as president of the Soviet Union. From the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 until Gorbachev’s resignation, the rulers of the Soviet Union had attempted to create a communist society that would be the envy of the world. Support for this goal was continual for more than 70 years, but the sense of purpose and direction began to unravel during the late 1980s. The principal cause for this shift in opinion was Gorbachev’s alternative rationale for achieving socialism. Although his ideas were a radical departure from some of the basic tenets of Leninism, Gorbachev generally favored implementing them incrementally. Nevertheless, disaffection with these ideas became quite pronounced among devoted communists, which led to the attempted coup of August 1991. This was followed by Gorbachev’s resignation and the formal dissolution of the country by year’s end.
The Soviet Union had been composed of 15 republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Russia was not only the largest republic in terms of territory and population, but it also dominated the policies of the Soviet Union—so much so that the words Russian and Soviet were often used interchangeably when referring to the foreign and domestic policies of the Soviet Union. Today, Russia is the largest country in the world, almost twice the size of the United States. It encompasses more than 6.5 million square miles that stretch from Eastern Europe through the northern half of Asia. The population of about 139 million has become more urban over the past 50 years. In fact, it has reached about 80 percent of the population— almost an exact reversal of the urban and rural ratio at the time of the 1917 Revolution (see Figure 5.1).
Russia is a federation consisting of six categories of administrative units. These include 21 republics, nine territories, 46 provinces, two federal cities, one autonomous republic, and four autonomous regions. Among these administrative units, the republics have the greatest claim to self-government. Although Russians comprise more than 80 percent of the country’s population, there are some 126 national ...
1Chapter 6Newspapers and the NewsReflections of aEttaBenton28
1
Chapter 6
Newspapers and the News:
Reflections of a Democratic Society
2
When Is It News That an Entire City
Is Being Poisoned By Its Water Supply?
City of Flint, Mich., had high levels of lead in its water after changing from lake to river water
Local journalists say they were slow to respond because officials said water was ok
But local journalists eventually drove the story to receive national attention
3
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
National journalists saw it as heartland story, followed national stories instead
Communities depend on local journalism for news about important local occurrences
When Is It News That an Entire City
Is Being Poisoned By Its Water Supply?
4
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Early Newspapers
1618: Curanto, published in Amsterdam, is first English-language newspaper
1622: newspapers being published in Britain, distributed through coffeehouses
Followers of church reformers John Calvin and Martin Luther among earliest publishers
5
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
5
Colonial Publishing
1690: Publick Occurrences, first paper published in American colonies
Colonial newspapers subject to British censorship
6
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
6
Colonial Publishing
1721: New England Courant
Published by James Franklin, Ben’s older brother
First paper published without “By Authority” notice; James sent to prison for doing so, Ben takes over publishing paper
7
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
7
Early American Newspapers
Audience primarily wealthy elite
Published by political parties
Focused on opinion, not news
Expensive and had small circulation
Generally bought by prepaid subscription
8
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8
Penny Press Revolution
Benjamin Day’s idea: The New York Sun – “It shines for all”
Sold on the street for one or two cents
Supported primarily by advertising
9
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
9
Penny Press Revolution
First papers to shift focus on news
Journalistic objectivity developed as a way to appeal to larger audiences
Rise of working class supported penny press growth
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
10
10
A Modern Democratic Society
Rapidly growing number of papers
Growing number of people working for wages
U.S. transforming from rural to urban society
Expanding interest in national and global events
Newspapers promoted democratic market society
People acquire the news “habit”
11
Hanson, Mass Communication: Living in a Media World, 7e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
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Newspaper Wars: Hearst vs. Pulitzer
Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World
Creation of the front page
Often staged sensational ...
1CHAPTER 4 SOUTH AFRICA South AfricaConcepts to Know·EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 4: SOUTH AFRICA
South Africa
Concepts to Know
· Afrikaner
· Apartheid
· Natives Land Act (1913)
· African National Congress
· National Party
· Group Areas Act (1950)
· Nelson Mandela
· Freedom Charter (1955)
· Truth and Reconciliation Commission
· Ubuntu
· National Assembly
· Public Protector
· Independent Police Investigative Directorate
· S v. Makwanyana (1995)
· Judicial Service Commission
· Law Reform Commission
· Constitutional Court
· Advocates
· Assessors
· Inspecting Judge
· NICRO
· Child Justice Act (2008)
Introduction
SOUTH AFRICA encompasses the southern tip of the African continent. It is the ninth largest country on the continent and the thirty-third largest in the world. Its northern border is shared with Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Swaziland. Its coastline borders the Indian Ocean on the east and south and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. In addition, South Africa surrounds the small country of Lesotho, which is approximately the size of the state of Maryland. Lesotho is a constitutional monarchy that gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1966 (see Figure 4.1).
The population of South Africa is almost 53 million and consists of 79.5 percent black, 9 percent white, 9 percent “colored,” and 2.5 percent Asian or Indian residents. The use of the word “colored” in the South African context refers to people of mixed race and often is associated with people of African and Dutch ancestry. The principal industries of the country are minerals, mining, motor vehicles, and machinery. South Africa is a significant producer of platinum, manganese, gold, and chrome. Its major trading markets include China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
South Africa has 11 official languages: Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga. With the exception of Afrikaans and English, the other languages are all Bantu languages. Bantu languages are spoken by more than 100 million Africans in east, central, and southern Africa. Afrikaans is a seventeenth-century variation of Dutch that has been considered a distinct language since the nineteenth century. Approximately 7 percent of the South African population are Afrikaners, that is, people who trace their roots to the early Dutch, French, and German settlers. Most of the English spoken is by nonwhites, along with approximately 2 million English-speaking whites who trace their ancestors to British immigrants and to the 1 million people of Asian/Indian origins.
Throughout the second half of the twentieth century South Africa was associated most with its policy of apartheid, a white supremacist ideology that emphasized white domination and racial discrimination. More will be said about apartheid shortly. First, an outline is offered of the arrival of white Europeans to this part of Africa and the pre-apartheid policies of racial segregation that had been introduced and in practice for a num ...
1Chapter 3 JAPANIntroductionJAPAN is an island countrEttaBenton28
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Chapter 3: JAPAN
Introduction
JAPAN is an island country located off the eastern coast of the Eurasian continent. It is generally considered a small country, in part because its geographical proximity to China and Russia dwarfs its size. However, compared to western European countries, Japan’s 145,902 square miles make it larger than England or Italy. In terms of the United States, it is slightly smaller than the state of California (see Figure 3.1). Japan’s population of 126.5 million is more than twice that found in England, and they are among the world’s most literate people. It is also interesting to note that Japan’s population is growing older faster than any other country in the world. This fact raises a host of economic and social issues for the country’s future. Because the terrain is very mountainous and the habitable land limited, Japan is one of the most densely populated regions in the world.
Although the climate is conducive to farming, less than 15 percent of the land is fertile enough for agriculture. Fishing has long been a significant source of income, but the attention Japan receives regarding its economy generally centers on its industrial production. Before the middle of the nineteenth century, Japan was one of the most isolated countries in the world, and this insular position was by design. The political leadership realized, however, that it could no longer maintain that posture completely. As a result, the leaders made a conscious decision to industrialize. Although the country is not rich in mineral deposits, Japan has emerged as an industrial giant since World War II. Japan is unique in that it is the only non-Western country that has become completely industrialized, exporting a wide range of products that include motor vehicles, electronic equipment, and mechanical tools.
Like the Scandinavians, the Japanese have remained one of the most homogenous of the advanced peoples in the world. More than 98 percent of the population is Japanese, and the largest minority group is Korean. The Japanese have a common history, language, and race. The dominant religions are Shintoism and Buddhism, but these are viewed more as features of Japanese custom than as beliefs that attract devoted followers. It has been estimated that between 70 and 80 percent of the people do not practice any religion. The homogenous qualities of the Japanese are enhanced further by their insular society and entrepreneurial spirit. This may appear somewhat contradictory from a Western perspective, but it is an example of a curious blending of the country’s traditions with modern pragmatism.
The Japanese recognized the value of expanding their trade routes and introducing industrialization to an economy that for centuries had been based on feudal principles. Because of their commitment to this change, the Japanese are recognized today for a competitive spirit that had long been associated with capitalist countries in the West. However, it is a group ...
1Chapter 10The InternetMass Communication Gets EttaBenton28
The document provides an overview of Chapter 10 from the textbook "Mass Communication: Living in a Media World" which discusses the history and development of the Internet and online media. It describes how the Internet originated from ARPANET and early computer networks in the 1960s-70s and the development of protocols like TCP/IP that allowed these networks to connect. It discusses the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989 and how it has become a major mass communication platform through features like email, social media, blogs and video sharing. It also covers the rise of online video games and eSports as a form of media and spectator activity.
1CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTIONIntroduction to the Problem EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Introduction to the Problem
In America, increasingly students are graduating from high school than ever before.
According to the Insider (2019), last yeast about 85% of the country's graduating class walked
across the stage and received their high school. As the graduation rate increases nationwide, we
are also witnessing a surge in schools' enrollment around the country. The vast graduation rate is
generally a positive development for our country's educational system, but it does provide some
consequences, particularly overcrowded classrooms and a shortage of educators. Due to the
congestion in classrooms, the future of academic excellence is endangered as the focus shifts to
the number of graduates from a class rather than the quality of education. In a report from
Learning Policy Institute, the educator shortage crisis is present, and it will get worst, and the
educator occupation is at its lowest point in 20years (Floyd, 2019). With the predicted lousy
situation, it is crucial to assess this overcrowded class issue to provide solutions and
recommendations to the government on ways to enhance resilience and resolving the issue in the
long-term plans. Overcrowding in schools has become major fretfulness in our educational
system, compelling most states to take legislative action to limit the number of students per
classroom.
Notably, the Florida citizens approved an amendment to the Titled Chapter 2003-391,
Laws of Florida, requiring a reduction in the number of students by at least two students per year
beginning in the 2003-04 school year until the maximum number of students per classroom did
not exceed the requirements in law (Class Size, n.d.). A qualitative survey will be an essential
tool for this study to collect data and insights on the experiences with the crowded classrooms to
understand the crisis deeply. Besides, a qualitative survey will help account for the educators'
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opinion-leave out
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2
and students' opinions and experiences about the overcrowded school environment. Therefore,
the researcher can attain insights on what would have been different if the congestion issue was
absent or well addressed. Thus, to acquire knowledge about congestion challenges in the
classrooms, this study poses a guiding qualitative question ...
1
CHAPTER 2
2
PEER REVIEWED SUMMARY
i. Introduction
ii. Title Searches, Articles, Research Documents and Journals
iii. Big Data
a. What is Big Data
b. Examples of Big Data
c. Pros/Cons of Big Data
d. Industries using Big Data
i. Automobile ~
ii. Manufacturing
iii. Telecommunication
iv. ITS – Intelligent Transportation Systems
a. Introduction to ITS
b. Examples
c. Fields of ITS
i. Automotive Control system
ii. Public Safety
iii. Traffic Management
iv. Public Transportation system
v. Commercial Vehicles Control System
d. ITS Cyber Security
i. Definition and Importance
ii. Vulnerability incidents
v. Big Data and ITS
a. Big Data in ITS
i. Big Data from Smart Cards
ii. Big Data from GPS
iii. Big Data from Sensors
iv. Big Data from Videos
v. Big Data from Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs)
vi. Big Data from Vehicle Adhoc Network (VANET)
vii. Big Data from Other Sources
b. Gaps in Big Data for ITS
vi. Cyber security
a. Phishing
b. Eves dropping
c. Cyber terrorism
d. Vehicle communication security breach (VANET)
e. Data Breach in industries and Examples
i. Automobile
ii. Manufacturing
iii. Telecommunication
vii. Theoretical framework
viii. Review of Methodological Literature
ix. Summary
Introduction
In recent studies, big data is becoming a more appealing research subject in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), as shown by the fact that it is employed in various projects worldwide. The enormous volumes of data produced will have significant ramifications for the design and implementation of intelligent transportation systems and in turn the need to make it safer, more efficient, and profitable. Intelligent transportation systems will create a large amount of data, which will be used to make transportation-related decisions (Darwish & Bakar, 2018). The first section of this chapter is dedicated to a detailed research of the history and characteristics of big data, intelligent transportation systems and Cyber security combined. This chapter will also cover the ITS framework, data collection and management techniques, data analytics methodologies, ITS platforms, examples of Big data and importance of Big Data and ITS in many other industries. A wide range of topics, including road traffic accident analysis, road traffic flow prediction, public transportation service planning, personal travel route planning, public safety, commercial vehicles control systems, and more, are covered in this chapter of big data applications in intelligent transportation systems (Darwish & Bakar, 2018). Finally, this chapter discusses some of the problems and gaps that still need to be researched regarding big data in Intelligent Transportation Systems in Automobiles on cyber security vulnerabilities.
According to a research done by Transportation Research Board, the growing use of Big Data in large-scale Internet-of-Vehicles deployments has opened the door to previously imagined possibilities for unified transportation se ...
1CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS9CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONSEttaBenton28
1
CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS
9
CHANGES OF ORGANIZATIONS
Discussion Board 4: Changes of Organizations
John Ireland
Author Note
John Ireland
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Changes of Organizations
Introduction
Organizational changes and reengineering are as old as organizations' existence and even referenced in the bible. The story of Moses and his father-in-law (King James Bible, 1769/2017, Exodus 18:13-27) discussing the people's judgment is an example of how delegation of authority can be implemented and handed down to others to complete the same judgment that Moses was employed and responsible for. It is equivalent to organizational leadership delegating authority to make decisions and effect changes with the limited risk involved. It is one of the first examples of a loosely coupled system. A loosely coupled system reduces the risk that a change made within one element will create unanticipated changes within other elements (Tech Target, 2011). Today, organizational changes have several factors of consideration by an organization to reduce the risk associated with decisions to implement changes. Those factors include the organizational structure, the current strategy, and the environmental impact on the market and industry.
The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world stage in early 2020 is a prime example of recent changes that affect the changes that impact organizational operations today. The changes included a teleworking environment where employees considered non-essential to the traditional in-person approach could work using technology platforms to communicate and remain productive at a safe distance, not infecting or becoming infected by a deadly virus. Like anything encountered in life that is not ideal, knowing that God has a plan already in place for us and digging deep to persevere for a better day is essential to come out victorious on the other side. Merida, Platt, and Akin (2015) say “we should be reminded of the grace of God, who brings refreshing fall-like seasons in our life (Merida, Platt, & Akin, 2015, p.277).”
Remote Workforce
An emerging switch in how organizations had to adapt and rapidly respond to a change to the working environment that affected millions around the globe was a remote working environment to continue operations. Something considered impossible became a welcomed necessity to continue operations and maintain the same level of service and production as before the pandemic hit. The rise in how many organizations embraced and executed a telework posture almost quadrupled.
Early estimates suggested that, due to the pandemic, approximately 50% of the European workforce worked remotely compared with 12% prior to the pandemic (Ahrendt, Cabrita, Clerici, Hurley, & Leončikas, 2020). Private sector organizations were moving toward telework as an option to continue operations, and the public sectors were as well. The Department of Defense (DoD) identified non-essential or non-cr ...
1
Change Proposal Summary Report
Jessica Ramos
Capella University
FPX 6218: Leading the Future of Health Care
Dr. Donna Ryan
November 24, 2021
2
Change Proposal Summary Report
One of the clinical conditions affecting numerous people globally is diabetes. Around 35
million people in the United States are diagnosed with diabetes annually. Based on the world
statistics, diabetes pervasiveness has increased promptly among people of low and middle
incomes. Accordingly, people living in countries such as India and China have the highest
prevalence of diabetes. Globally, approximately 5.0 million deaths resulted from diabetes and
diabetes-related disorders. Again, the countries spend billions of dollars on health expenditures for
diabetic patients and other approaches to minimize its prevalence through education and other
evidence-based practices. Besides, more than 400 million people globally are likely to develop
type 2 diabetes mellitus. The executive summary will describe some of the challenges facing
healthcare, such as type 2 diabetes, and ideal strategies and measures to mitigate such health issues.
Executive Summary
Proposed Change
Globally, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic health issue affecting numerous people.
From statistics, persons diagnosed with the disease have increased significantly in the past few
decades. The Center for Disease Control has pointed out a high incidence of type 2 diabetes
mellitus among children, the elderly, and teenagers (Mayer-Davis et al., 2017). Some of the risk
factors aligned with diabetes mellitus encompass behavioral practices, lifestyle, and genetics. A
proposed change to lessen the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus entails implementing
programs including the Lifestyle Change Program and Diabetes Management Education and
Support (DMES). Such a proposed change will play a central role in raising awareness and giving
people critical information regarding type 2 diabetes, its prevention, and management (Munshi et
al., 2016). From contemporary clinical studies, recognizing diabetes risk factors early is crucial in
Donna Ryan
need to cite sources of all facts in this paragraph
Donna Ryan
cite source of this fact
3
preventing and managing chronic disorders (American Diabetes Association, 2016). Efficient
therapy might prevent or precisely delay diabetic complications. Thus, the DMES program
educates people regarding diabetes, preventive, and management strategies to improve their
lifestyle and behavioral practices.
Desired Outcomes
There is a need to boost awareness of various risk factors aligned with type 2 diabetes
mellitus. Many people will understand the risk factors contributing to the clinical disorder and
various measures or strategies to reduce its prevalence through the proposed programs ...
1Case Study Cystic FibrosisCystic Fibrosis Case StudyEttaBenton28
1
Case Study Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis: Case Study
The patient is a 7-year-old female. Due to the fact that the patient is a minor, her mother walked into the ER with her. The mother explained that her symptoms consist of persistent coughing throughout the day and it becomes worse at night, the coughing often results in spitting out phlegm. Along with wheezing, stuffy nose, loss of appetite, pain in the abdomen, and the taste of salty skin. The patient has been up coughing and complaining about the pain for 5 hours. Since the patient’s mother had thought it was a regular cold, she had been giving her children’s Tylenol for the past 3 days, 5 mL every 4 hours. Once the patient was taken in, a physical assessment was performed. The questions that were asked to the patients mother were about family history of CF, history of bowel obstruction as an infant, stool, and eating habits (nurses labs 2018). Because of the fact that the patient’s mom mentioned her skin having a salty taste, a sweat test has been recommended to check for cystic fibrosis. The sweat test measures the amount of chloride in sweat while the genetic test detects chromosomal mutations (Very Well Health 2019). Patient has now been diagnosed with cystic fibrous and will be admitted to the hospital for further instructions.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis is based on the defects in the cystic fibrosis gene, which codes for protein transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that functions as a chloride channel and is regulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) (Nurselabs 2018). Cystic fibrosis is often caught at birth but there are cases where people begin to develop it later in life. If it is detected as birth, many persons with cystic fibrosis acquire a lung infection which incites an inflammatory response, the infection becomes established with a distinctive bacterial flora (Nurselabs 2018). If there is a case of a person developing cystic fibrosis as they get older, there are many symptoms that come along with it and it does affect many parts of your body. It can affect your GI tract, pancreas and your sweat glands which causes the skin to taste salt like. Symptoms may include pain in the abdomen, having a chronic cough that may include blood or phlegm, any gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, fat in the stool, heartburn, severe constipation, or bulky stools. When it affects your respiratory system, it can cause pulmonary hypertension, shortness of breath, sinusitis, wheezing, acute bronchitis, and/or pneumonia. There might also be a delay in puberty, growth, and in development. Other commons side effects include deformity of nails, different infections, male infertility, nasal polyps or weight loss (Mayo Clinic 2020).
History
The symptoms presented by the patient include coughing up phlegm, wheezing, stuffy nose, pain in the abdomen, salty skin and loss of appetite. In the past the patient has h ...
1Causes and Effects of Literature Review ChallengesJamiah EttaBenton28
1
Causes and Effects of Literature Review Challenges
Jamiah Riddick
Walden University
FPSY - 6393
MS Psychology Capstone
Dr. Jackson
April 18th, 2021
2
Various advances of conducting empirical knowledge on communication arise through literature review synthesizing a significant number of studies into substantive view. A literature review involves different forms where the most familiar is a review conducted within a specific study—a research report after thorough search proceeds from reviewing earlier related work.
Whether one is a doctoral graduate or a student currently, conducting and carrying out research is considered an essential part of becoming a scholar-practitioner accustomed to credibility and skills of effecting social changes. However, these processes face various challenges. Such approaches have no relevance or contain poor evidence, lack of reliability of transparency, and biases from the selection. However, the above challenges are caused by failure to select the right topic, failure to find the appropriate methodology, and dealing with individual data.
Lack of reliability towards transparency is a challenge faced when conducting research. One must select an appropriate topic since it is the foundation of your research paper. Likewise, mindfulness and enthusiasm are absent for the strategies expected to guarantee precise audits are as liberated from predisposition and as solid as could be expected: shown by later, defective, prominent surveys. We approach survey creators to lead more thorough audits, on editors and companion commentators to door keep all the more rigorously, and the local area of methodologists to all the more likely help the more extensive exploration local area. Exclusively by cooperating would we be able to fabricate and keep a solid arrangement of thorough, proof educated dynamic in protection and natural administration (Neal, 2020). Therefore, individuals should ensure that they select a doable topic, read and research the topic create a theoretical basis that helps and supports the topic (Neal, 2020). It is also significant to select a topic that answers all
3
your interests by focusing on a niche that can help you make a significant difference. Also, try to capture all opportunities that can help you picking expert brains.
The challenge on poor relevance and evidence results from the selection of appropriate methodologies. A methodology is a specific procedure that helps individuals in conducting their research as a path to moving forward. Ensure that you are completely honest with the abilities while honing the study design. After deciding on whether you are adopting a qualitative and quantitative direction, ensure you focus further on the methodology details. This starts from the sources of data collection being variable while consulting different researchers. This will create honesty about one's abilities and get open to bringing a research team to develop your analysis. The best way to ...
1Causes and Effects of Literature Review ChallengesJamiah
1Business Plan RX Direct PharmacyBusiness Plan RX Direct P
1. 1
Business Plan: RX Direct Pharmacy
Business Plan: RX Direct Pharmacy
Executive Summary
The healthcare sector's ever-changing dynamics call for
constant improvement in the quality of care and treatment
services. The current changes in care delivery, application of
technology, and increased healthcare demands have resulted in
the revolving and growing roles of professional nurses in
administering medical care services(Anderson & Amar, 2017).
Trends of that sort demand the implementation of effective
strategies to address such changes. Healthcare providers are in
direct contact with their patients, thus, play crucial roles in
enhancing the attainment of improved patient and organizational
outcomes(Anderson & Amar, 2017).
Rx Direct Pharmacy is the future of pharmacy care. An online
pharmacy was created in 2021 by six eager and ambitious
student pharmacists from Notre Dame of Maryland School of
Pharmacy. Rx Direct Pharmacy is a healthcare company
designed to provide all pharmacy needs directly to the patient in
the comfort, convenience, and privacy of their own homes. We
have a mission of providing affordable and accessible quality
health care safely and directly to our patients whenever and
wherever. More than ever, with the COVID-19 pandemic
unwaning, there is an increased need for virtual health care
services. Rx Direct Pharmacy aims to help minimize the
unnecessary visits to the nearest local pharmacy for the average
individual, lower transportation costs to pharmacies, and
increase the ease with which prescription medications reach
patients. Rapid technological advancement is presenting both
challenges and opportunities in the administration of care and
treatment services. The migration from the traditional manual
system to electronic health record (EHRs) management systems
2. has led to improved medical services administration(Jetley &
Zhang, 2019). Strategies of that sort aresignificant in enhancing
patients' experiences and satisfaction as far as the provision of
care and treatment services are concerned (Jetley & Zhang,
2019). Various EHRs systems are now available, including the
Kareo software application. As Jetley& Zhang (2019) stated,
EHR is a digital version of the manual paper. The software is
critical in managing the day-to-day aspects of patient care such
as patient records, prescriptions, diagnosis, billing, treatment,
etc.Besides, it offersvital portals for ensuring direct
communications with the relevant stakeholders such as patients
and professional healthcare workers. The patients may be
interested in booking appointments, accessing the diagnostic
outcomes, making payment, or even filling in some electronic
forms. EHR systems tend to be broad-based and cover all
aspects of administering patients' logistics within the pharmacy.
At the moment, various software application platforms such as
theKareo software system, which is widely used in nursing
practice, especially in primary care settings, are existing.
In Rx Direct Pharmacy, the functional features of the Kareowill
be vital in the administration of healthcare services. Loading
the patients' data into the Kareo software will enable
thehealthcare providers to track individual patients' health
records, including the management of their bills (Jetley &
Zhang, 2019). The administrator of Rx Direct Pharmacy will
determine each patient's outstanding dues hence facilitating
appropriate action. Other than tracking the patients' health
records and data, the softwarewill be utilized in analyzing and
reporting, a feature that enables the healthcare providers to
generate different kinds of reports(Jetley & Zhang, 2019). It
will also be utilized in sorting outpatients with payment dues to
avoid running into a liquidity crisis.
Besides, multidisciplinary collaboration and teamwork are
critical components of an effective healthcare delivery system.
The Kareo has a built-in feature that will enablethe healthcare
providers to communicate with each other in a timely
3. fashion(Jetley & Zhang, 2019). The approach is critical in the
improvement of medical services, thus, enhanced patient and
organizational outcomes. Due to the ever-increasing cost of the
medical services, the installation of Kareo software will allow
the pharmacyto avoid non-payments arising from the health
insurance companies' rejection (Jetley & Zhang, 2019). The
software tool can enable the administrator to communicate with
the health insurance companies to ascertain patients' eligibility
for insurance cover before administering medical
services(Jetley & Zhang, 2019). Performance is a vital indicator
in assessing the quality of care and treatment services. Kareo
has a customizable dashboard that aids the healthcare providers
in displaying, tracking, and analyzing the patients' data. It also
facilitates the creation of performance and productivity
regulations within the primary care settings(Jetley & Zhang,
2019).
Background Information
Our virtual pharmacy's target population can be global
potentially, but to start, we would like to focus on various parts
of Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore city is one of the cities with
a high population of underprivileged communities. Baltimore
city is at position 87 out of the 100 major cities in terms of
median household incomes. Approximately two out of every ten
residents live below the poverty line. The low-income earners
whose residence is in rural areas are factors associated with
various adverse health outcomes. Finding time and means to
focus on healthcare can be a luxury that some residents can not
afford. For the elderly or impaired, traveling back and forth
between healthcare facilities can be an overwhelming task. Rx
Direct Pharmacy can make pharmacy services more accessible,
which will positively affect the city's residents' overall health.
Rx Direct Pharmacy will be providing services where vital will
be performed, such as pulse, blood pressure, and blood glucose.
Besides, we will provide vaccinations, education on medication
usage, and medication adherence by providing pillboxes to
patients in need.
4. We chose the Baltimore, Maryland area as our fulfillment center
location because of Maryland's patient demographic. Maryland's
population is predominantly adults ages 33-54, children ages 0-
18, and elderly patients ages 65 and up. Since the population is
very diverse, there will be a need for pharmacy services
regularly. With the current healthcare issues Americans are
facing; this population will benefit significantly from the
pharmacy expertise that Rx Direct Pharmacy can provide. Rx
Direct pharmacy will offer many unique services to its patients.
For instance, it will provide a wide drug formulary with
medications that cater to patients of all ages, especially the
elderly patients with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia,
diabetes, and other common chronic medical conditions in the
population. Rx Direct Pharmacy will provide traditional
prescription filling services. Our patients will have access to
licensed pharmacists that will assist patients on how to best use
their medications, provide counseling, perform medication
reviews, give vaccinations and perform blood pressure checks.
Rx Direct Pharmacy will also establish a working relationship
with our patients, other healthcare providers and recommend
any possible medication changes directly to the patient's
primary provider. Rx Direct Pharmacy will offer a mobile app
for patients to track their prescription information, prescription
delivery updates, medical information. Also, they will be able
to request virtual consultations other services that our on-call
pharmacist can provide to the patient in the comfort of their
home. The ever-increasing technological reality makes it
possible for families to utilize the mobile app to request
prescription refills or other pharmacy services for their not-so-
tech-savvy elders, which will help minimize medication
adherence issuesthat arise if this population were to use the
local neighborhood pharmacy.References
Anderson, C. M., & Amar, A. F. (2017). Overview of the Robert
Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholars program: A
Commentary. Nursing outlook, 65(3), 265-266.
Jetley, G., & Zhang, H. (2019). Electronic health records in IS
5. research: Quality issues, essential thresholds and remedial
actions. Decision Support Systems, 126, 113137.
1
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
Caroline Oti
Internally Consistent Compensation System
Following constant and maximum thoughts and conclusions,
four jobs have been
developed according to great interest in them. The position of
an office manager is of much
responsibility and keeps normal operations of the organization
running. From the office manager,
the executive assistant follows in rank but their functions are
quite many as substituted by the
administrative assistant. As a person who is actively serving in
law enforcement duties, I have
not really seen such positions in the workplaces I’ve served in,
although I deeply believe there is
a similarity of such positions with those in the sectors I have
served. Choosing the administrative
assistant was driven by the fact that there is a close relation to
6. my past jobs. The position of a
copy writer is the last that I chose which is an interesting
position (Joseph, M., 2015).
Writing job descriptions requires much knowledge and is as
well an important skill for all
professions. There is need for E-Sonic to develop absolute
descriptions of every job they post
and make sure that marketing is easy as well as promoting the
brand name E-Sonic (Glassdoor,
2018). Below, is a list of summaries of different jobs, duti es of
every job, and specifications of
work for every position within E-Sonic. The list consists of the
office manager then, the
2
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
administrative assistant followed by the executive assistant, and
ends with the copy writer all in
the order of ranking from the highly to the lowly ranked.
Job Descriptions
� Office Manager:
Summary of the Job: The office manager has the responsibility
of organizing and
7. prioritizing all daily operations to motivate productive
operations within E-Sonic’s
office settings.
Job duties: Must ensure that all of the equipment including fax
machines, copiers, and
computers are regularly and well maintained. Also, maintenance
of the budget in the
office and realizing any opportunities that save overhead costs,
are the responsibilities
of the office manager.
Specifications of Work: As the office manager, one must
possess a diploma from a
recognized high-school as a minimum and basic knowledge in
management as well as
be familiar with the methods of managing professional office
settings.
� Administrative Assistant:
Summary of the Job: This employee is entitled with
management of E-Sonic’s clerical
tasks that arise every day.
Job duties: Must have special skills especially in multi-tasking,
interpersonal skills are
also a requirement, and must be able to effectively perform in a
8. vigorous environment
of the profession that experiences constant changes.
Specifications of Work: Must be a holder of at a minimum a
recognizable high-school
diploma, although a college degree is more desirable. Records
keeping skill is a
requirement for this position.
� Executive Assistant:
Summary of the Job: The executive assistant handles the tasks
delegated by the
administrative assistant and other tasks within the office.
Job duties: This employee is entitled with the execution of
clerical duties and analysis
of data for presentation purposes and decision making by the
management of E-Sonic.
3
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
Specifications of Work: To successfully perform as the
executive assistant, one must
have an experience for a minimum of five years as an executive
in a closely similar
9. profession. A recognizable college degree is also a requirement.
� Copy Writer:
Summary of the Job: In this position, a copy writer comes up
with marketing
advertisements both in hard copies or online for the promotion
of E-Sonic’s music
platform that enable online streaming.
Job duties: The responsibilities are editing ads to a clear,
relatable and concise format
that the potential consumers understand with ease. Also, they
should be able to develop
marketing strategies that can be incorporated for production.
They should as well advice
the management on pitch ideas in marketing.
Specifications of Work: A degree (four year in college) is the
minimum requirement
for this position. The specialization should be in advertising and
marketing. A portfolio
must be provided of the completed tasks of marketing products
through ads.
Job Structures
Administrative
10. Positions
Customer Service Software
Handling
Marketing
Office Manager Customer Service
Director (DCS)
Software
Development
Director (DSD)
Chief Marketing
Officer (CMO)
Administrative
Assistant (AS)
Customer Service
Specialist (CSS)
Software Project
Manager (SPM)
Marketing Director
11. (MD)
Executive Assistant
(EA)
Customer Service
Manager (CSM)
Software Engineer
(SE)
Market Research
Analyst (MRA)
Office Assistant
(OA)
Customer Service
Agent (CSA)
Software testing
Specialist (STS)
Creative Director
(CD)
(Martocchio, 2016)
12. 4
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
Build Point Evaluation Method
Coming up with the market rates for the mentioned positions in
the organization
is important since through them, decisions on hiring, payments,
promotions, pay rises
and compensations are planned. The chosen jobs will be
evaluated and the for the
administrative assistant position, internal benchmarking is
applicable since it is easy in
terms of research and application, the organization’s
management will be in a position
of matching all of the assistants against job performance
(Joseph, M., 2015)
Competitive benchmarking is essential for the Copy Writer’s
position since it will
allow comparison of similar products as well as systems
provided by other companies
like Spotify and Pandora. The office manager position as well
as the one for the
executive can be evaluated or benchmarked easily through
functional benchmarking
13. because through it, similar practices or functions in the industry
can be compared to
those in E-Sonic (Martocchio, 2016).
The compensational considerations are the evaluations in the
jobs where pay rates
can be created by professionals (Martocchio, 2016). There are
specialists who based on
two considerations decide on different compensation aspects.
The considerations are:
Job relation that describes a distinct job which must showcase
the work. The other
consideration is what influence can promote the tactics of the
organization.
Nonetheless, evaluation of the values as well as objectives of E-
Sonic is the best way of
defining compensable factors (Martocchio, 2016).
Factor Degree Statements
These statements are developed around, working conditions,
skills, and
accountability levels. The skills are based on technical, personal
skills, managerial
expertise or knowledge, and experience at work. E-Sonic
requires that the employees
14. stand accountable on the mandate of coming up with decisions
as well as performance
where applicable. The organization is firmly devoted to the
creation of an online
platform of music streaming that not only meets the
expectations of customers but its
own are also considered (Joseph, M., 2015).
5
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
Calculation of Point Values for E-Sonic Jobs
Compensable Factor
(CF)
Relative Value (%) Total Points
Achievable
Total Points for
every Compensable
Factor (CF)
Management/
Administrative
20. Software testing
Specialist (STS)
(640)
Creative Director
(CD)
(930)
7
Internally Consistent Compensation System at E-Sonic
References
Purba c. B & Wachyuni i. &. (2020). The reactions over
employee engagement viewed from
compensation organizational justice, work-life balance and
mediated by job satisfaction
variable.
Barcelona, D, & Joseph, M. (2015). Strategic Compensation A
human resource management
approach (10th ed.). Pearson Education.
(2018, June 4). Glassdoor Job Search. Find the job that fits your
life. Writing job Descriptions
Best Practices. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
21. from http://www.glassdoor.com/employers/blog/5-tips-on-
writing-great-job-descriptions/
Martocchio, J. J. (2016). Strategic Compensation: A Human
Resource Management Approach,
Student Value Edition. New York: Prentice Hall.
http://www.glassdoor.com/employers/blog/5-tips-on-writing-
great-job-descriptions/
https://www.amazon.com/Strategic-Compensation-Resource-
Management-Approach/dp/0134321081
https://www.amazon.com/Strategic-Compensation-Resource-
Management-Approach/dp/0134321081
Running Head: JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES
1
Executive Summary
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 2
The paper discusses the company profile for the e-sonic
Company, which falls under the
Computer Manufacturing industry. It further details several
factors that impact its businesses
externally. Some of the factors discussed are competition,
innovation, technological change, the
22. impacts of international piracy, and human resources. The paper
compares the various
compensation strategies for leading companies like Amazon and
eBay. It proposes that the
e-Sonic Company can overcome the external obstacles through
the right job mixes and good pay
for its employees.
Milestone 3, Section 2: External Factors
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 3
E-Sonic is a company located in Rosh Haayin, Israel. It is part
of the computer
manufacturing industry. It has a total of 25 employees across all
its locations. The Company
generates revenue of about three million in sales. It falls under
the computer manufacturing
industry and deals with electronic computer system software
development. The study aims to
look at all the marketing conditions externally and develop a
compensation program for all the
employees who work within the Company.
External Factors
23. External factors have tangible impacts on the compensation
strategy at the Company. The
online music industries have been affected by numerous
challenges, including illegal music
downloads and international piracy, which has forced the e-
music company's profit to decline
(Berg et al., 2007). Also, innovation has been defining for the
online music industries.
Companies like Amazon have been able to expand their market
share solely because of their
innovative strategies. Apart from innovation, competition has
been phenomenal for the e-music
industries. Competition has been intensified by the ever-
evolving technology, making access to
technological products easier. Further, technological
advancements have led to increased markets
because of the increased internet connectivity around the world.
Most people now own
smartphones or have access to one. Lastly, human resource has
also affected the success of the
e-music industry.
a. Competition from other Firms
Competitiveness in the e-music industry has rapidly increased.
Some of the prominent
24. industry companies are Amazon, iTunes, Dell, and eBay.
Competition in the e-music sector has
increased due to the reduction in the cost of retailing physical
music devices such as the Discs.
Also, the price for paying suppliers and different employees
working in the various retails has
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 4
subsided. Overall, when the internet is used correctly, it allows
the companies to reduce the
physical retailing cost of the physical music media (Berg et al.,
2007). In realizing the many
profits that come with online music sales, the industry's leading
companies have launched
several strategies to attract consumers to their companies.
Competition has been fuelled by the
e-music giant companies like Amazon and all small companies
like Napster. With increasing
technological developments, some companies can readily
acquire computers and other
technological devices at relatively low prices (Berg et al.,
2007). Such companies have affected
the market because they offer downloads of music to customers
25. freely. The free download has
been a challenge to e-Sonic Company since it has primarily
intensified competition. Consumers
can listen to music on the internet and download them and store
them on mobile devices for
future use. Therefore, the competitive nature of the e-music
industry as a result of new
companies offering free download music industry has affected
the businesses of e-Sonic. Apart
from the free download, some companies like Amazon and eBay
have an established marketing
strategy that ensures consumer loyalty, making it difficult for e-
Sonic to get new customers.
b. Technological Change
Another external factor that affects e-sonic Company is
technological change. Since the
1990s, technology has rapidly evolved, and contemporarily,
there are new products in the market
that support the e-music industry (Berg et al., 2007). For
instance, many people around the world
have smartphones that can connect to the network, unlike
before. Thee-sonic Company needs to
tap into the market through various favorable marketing
strategies to utilize the expanded
26. market. Internet connectivity around the world has also been
increased, which implies that most
people can now connect to the internet and purchase e-music.
Therefore, the technological
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 5
improvement that has been witnessed over the years provides an
opportunity for e-sonic to
expand its markets and attract new customers.
c. Innovation
Innovation is another key that drives success for the e-music
industry. The success of
e-music depends on how much the companies give to consumers
during business transactions.
For instance, in 2018, Amazon music launched innovative Alexa
features (TelecomDrive
Bureau, 2018). The available voice feature is found only on
Amazon Prime music in its mobile
app and Echo family devices. With the innovation, amazon
users use voice instead of words to
play their favorite songs at convenience (TelecomDrive Bureau,
2018). The innovation has had
27. significant impacts on Amazon's marketing strategies as it has
enhanced access to Amazon
music. The eBay company has also engaged in various
innovation programs that have propelled
the Company to become one of the world's largest online music
shops. Hence, for the e-Sonic
Company, innovation is inevitable since the external markets
are mainly being influenced by
innovation.
d. Identifying a Market Niche
Moreover, another external factor that affects the e-music
industry is the focus. Focus
refers to specializing in one key feature and delivering the best
on it. For instance, the e-music
sector could focus on providing cultural music that only covers
a specific region. Still, the
Company could provide music with a global following (Berg et
al., 2007). The strategies for
each of the pieces focus on the global one demanding more
techniques to compete for markets
with other companies offering e-music. Focus helps the
Company to serve a small segment
efficiently and effectively. For instance, if the e-Sonic
Company focuses on providing music in
28. high demand by the youth, it could give very efficient and
effective music experiences for the
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 6
youth (Berg et al., 2007). On the other hand, if the Company
only focuses on cultural music, it
will provide the best experience for the people from the
respective culture. The result will be
increased utilization of the available markets, and thus, high
sales volume increased consumer
loyalty and sales volume.
e. International Piracy
The main external factor affecting the success of e-sonic is
international piracy
and illegal music download. Global piracy is robbery or access
of online music without
authorization from the Company. Therefore, some people have
accessed e-Sonic online music
without payment, making the Company operate at a loss.
Another challenge has been the illegal
download of the music. Online companies earn profits when
clients pay for music downloads.
29. However, if they do not pay for the download, the online music
industry's sales revenue
decreases.
Further, illegal music download could have implications on the
general sales volume.
That is because the freely downloaded music could be shared
with clients at relatively lower
prices than the usual download prices. Therefore, international
music piracy and illegal
download impacts the way e-Sonic should pay other employees
f. Human Resource and Compensation
Human resource is another essential element that defines the
success of e-music
industries. Human resource is needed to deliver on the company
objectives in the market.
Consequently, the employees have to be fully skilled in the
industry to offer quality service to the
customers and drive innovation. Some of the e-music industry
jobs are software development
engineers, quality assurance engineers, finance managers,
project managers, and music
publicists. The human resource has to be motivated through
good pays (Hawke, 2017). For
30. JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 7
instance, the Amazon Company pays its employees an average
of $53000 to $62000 annually
('Amazon Music Salaries,' n.d). The average pay for the
employee at eBay is around $127000,
which is far above the employees at Amazon. On the other hand,
the employee salary at e-sonic
is below that of Amazon and eBay.
Compensating Employees at E-Sonic
After analyzing the human resource and their compensation in
the standout companies in
the same industry with e-Sonic, it is indisputable that the
Company needs to find new ways to
compensate the employees. A good employer is willing to
compensate the employees for their
excellent work at the Company (Hawke, 2017). Therefore, the e-
sonic Company needs to raise
the annual pay for its employees to match those of other
industry companies (Hawke, 2017).
Introducing paying rise will positively impact the
competitiveness of the e-Sonic Company at it
will encourage the staff to put that extra effort. It will also
31. increase innovation and expand its
market.
Conclusively, the e-music industry is affected by international
pirating, competition,
human resources, and innovation. To expand its market within
and abroad, e-Sonic Company
needs to motivate its employees by enhancing compensation.
Like other companies, it should
source employees with diverse expertise to tap into the new
markets.
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 8
References
Amazon music salaries.
(n.d.). Glassdoor. https://www.glassdoor.com/Salary/Amazon-
Music-Salaries-E6036_D_
KO7,12.htm
Berg, A., Fransson, J., & Sorendal, F. (2007). Competitiveness
in the Music
Industry [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Jonkoping.
Hawke, S. (2017, February 14). E-sonic compensation
32. project. HubPages. https://discover.hubpages.com/business/e-
Sonic-Compensation-Proje
ct
Telecomdrive Bureau. (2018, August 29). Amazon Prime Music
launches innovative voice
controls powered by Alexa. Telecom
Drive. https://telecomdrive.com/amazon-prime-music-launches-
innovative-voice-controls
-powered-by-alexa/
https://www.glassdoor.com/Salary/Amazon-Music-Salaries-
E6036_D_KO7,12.htm
https://www.glassdoor.com/Salary/Amazon-Music-Salaries-
E6036_D_KO7,12.htm
https://discover.hubpages.com/business/e-Sonic-Compensation-
Project
https://discover.hubpages.com/business/e-Sonic-Compensation-
Project
https://telecomdrive.com/amazon-prime-music-launches-
innovative-voice-controls-powered-by-alexa/
https://telecomdrive.com/amazon-prime-music-launches-
innovative-voice-controls-powered-by-alexa/
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 9
JOB COMPENSATION AND MIXES 10
33. OL 325 Milestone Two Guidelines and Rubric
Section 1: Internally Consistent Job Structures
Section 1 introduces you to the specification of internally
consistent job structures. Through writing job descriptions, the
development of job structures, and
both the development and implementation of a point evaluation
method to quantify job differences objectively, you build the
framework for internal equity.
In Section 1, you will focus on building an internally consistent
compensation system. An internally consistent compensation
system design will clearly define the
relative value of each e-sonic sample job, creating a job
hierarchy and an objective rationale for pay differences.
As an e-sonic consultant, you are offered a sample of e-sonic
jobs in Section 1. Currently, e-sonic employs 100 people and
will be hiring many more. However, for
the purpose of this simulation, you are asked to work with the
sample of four jobs offered (see Appendix 2 for sample jobs,
located in the MyManagementLab
project tab). Limiting the number of jobs removes one level of
complexity from the simulation and allows you to focus on
learning the functions of compensation
system design. The framework you develop classifying sample
jobs can easily be adapted in the future to include all e-sonic
positions.
Section 1 Outline:
34. 1. Create Job Descriptions
2. Create Job Structures
3. Build Point Evaluation Method
a) Select benchmark jobs.
b) Choose compensable factors based upon benchmark jobs.
c) Define factor degree statements.
d) Determine weights for each compensable factor.
4. Calculate Point Values for e-Sonic Jobs
a) Determine point value for each compensable factor.
b) Use the job evaluation worksheet to calculate point values
for each position.
c) Distribute points for each compensable factor across degree
statements.
d) Rate jobs using point method.
e) Individually rate jobs to ensure reliability.
f) Resolve any discrepancies in point totals.
g) Rank jobs in each job structure according to results of your
point evaluation.
The Internally Consistent Job Structures section is fully
described in the MyManagementLab Building Strategic
Compensation Systems casebook for faculty and
students, linked in the MyLab course menu. Follow the
explanations and outline to complete this milestone. Section 1:
Internally Consistent Job Structures is
due at the end of Module Five.
Rubric
35. Requirements of submission: Each section of the final project
must follow these formatting guidelines: 5–7 pages, double
spacing, 12-point Times New Roman
font, one-inch margins, and discipline-appropriate citations.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (85%) Needs
Improvement (55%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Section 1: Internally
Consistent Job
Structures
Provides in-depth job
structures with all of the
elements of Section 1 of the
Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
Provides all job structures with
most of the elements of Section
1 of the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
Provides most job structures
with some of the elements of
Section 1 of the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
36. Does not provide job structures
with elements of Section 1 of
the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
50
Integration and
Application
All of the course concepts are
correctly applied
Most of the course concepts
are correctly applied
Some of the course concepts
are correctly applied
Does not correctly apply any of
the course concepts
20
Critical Thinking Draws insightful conclusions
that are thoroughly defended
with evidence and examples
Draws informed conclusions
that are justified with evidence
37. Draws logical conclusions, but
does not defend with evidence
Does not draw logical
conclusions
20
Writing
(Mechanics/
Citations)
No errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and APA citations
Minor errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and APA citations
Some errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and APA citations
Major errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and APA citations
10
Total 100%
38. OL 325: Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
Acting as a recently hired compensation consultant, you will
assist the burgeoning online music firm e-sonic to develop an
internally consistent and market-
competitive compensation system that recognizes the
achievements of individual contributors. The major portion of
the project is divided into three milestones,
which will build upon the previous milestone. The milestones
are submitted in Modules Three, Five, and Six. The final
version of the entire project will be due at
the end of Module Seven.
Sample report outlines are included in the project text found in
MyManagementLab. Each of the sections for this assignment
will be submitted via Brightspace.
Outcomes
The project helps students to meet the following course
outcomes:
• Students will gain an understanding of the evolution and
administration of compensation and benefit programs for
organizations
• Students will explore wage theory, principles and practices,
unemployment security, worker income security, group
insurance, disability insurance,
39. and pension plans and how these compensation and benefit
items are balanced to provide incentive and recruitment of a
high-performance
workforce
• The connection between the organization’s mission,
objectives, policies, and the implementation and revision of
their respective compensation and
benefit systems will be analyzed to gain a deeper understanding
of the importance of such systems to the organization’s overall
human resource
management
• At the conclusion of this course, students will be able to
demonstrate the acquisition and application of theories and
concepts that support the
enhancement and proficiency in 7 primary competencies:
strategic approach, research, teamwork, communication,
analytical skills, problem solving,
and legal and ethical practices
Preparation
1. Read the Building Strategic Compensation Project narrative
linked in the course menu of the MyManagementLab home
page. Note: Section 3:
Recognition of Individual Achievements WILL NOT be
included in the course project. In addition, you will not be using
the Compensation Analysis
Software shown as a resource in MyManagementlab. Instead,
you will be using crowd sourced external competitive salary
data from the websites listed
below in the Milestone Three area.
40. Milestones
Milestone One: Strategic Analysis
The development of a strategic analysis guides all decisions
made regarding your compensation systems throughout the
project. The strategic analysis reveals
firm-specific challenges, objectives, and initiatives that allow
you to align the goals of a compensation system effectively with
those of the company strategy.
The strategic analysis allows you to better understand the
external market challenges e-sonic faces in addition to its
internal capabilities. As a consultant, a
thorough understanding of e-sonic’s business environment
allows you to better align your competitive system design with
e-sonic’s goals, challenges, and
objectives. Follow the outline below when completing this
portion of the project.
The strategic analysis is fully described in the
MyManagementLab Building Strategic Compensation Systems
casebook for faculty and students, linked in the
course menu in MyLab. Follow the explanations and outline to
complete this milestone.
Strategic Analysis Outline:
1. Executive Summary (Concisely conveys the project
objectives and main findings. The executive summary is
completed last, but included first in the
strategic analysis.)
41. 2. Strategic Analysis
a) Identification of e-sonic’s industry based on the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
b) Analysis of e-sonic’s external market environment
i. Industry Profile
ii. Competition
iii. Foreign Demand
iv. Long-Term Industry Prospects
v. Labor-Market Assessment
c) Analysis of Internal Capabilities
i. Functional Capabilities
ii. Human Resource Capabilities
Each section of the final project should be 5–7 pages in length.
The Strategic Analysis section is due at the end of Module
Three. It will be graded with the
Milestone One Rubric.
Milestone Two: Section 1: Internally Consistent Job Structures
Section 1 introduces you to the specification of internally
consistent job structures. Through writing job descriptions, the
development of job structures, and
both the development and implementation of a point evaluation
method to quantify job differences objectively, you bui ld the
framework for internal equity.
In Section 1, you will focus on building an internally consistent
compensation system. An internally consistent compensation
system design will clearly define the
relative value of each e-sonic sample job, creating a job
hierarchy and an objective rationale for pay differences.
42. As an e-sonic consultant, you are offered a sample of e-sonic
jobs in Section 1. Currently, e-sonic employs 100 people and
will be hiring many more. However, for
the purpose of this simulation, you are asked to work with the
sample of four jobs offered (see Appendix 2 for sample jobs,
located in the MyManagementLab
project tab). Limiting the number of jobs removes one level of
complexity from the simulation and allows you to focus on
learning the functions of compensation
system design. The framework you develop classifying sample
jobs can easily be adapted in the future to include all e-sonic
positions.
Section 1 Outline:
1. Create Job Descriptions
2. Create Job Structures
3. Build Point Evaluation Method
a) Select benchmark jobs.
b) Choose compensable factors based upon benchmark jobs.
c) Define factor degree statements.
d) Determine weights for each compensable factor.
4. Calculate Point Values for e-Sonic Jobs
a) Determine point value for each compensable factor.
b) Use the job evaluation worksheet to calculate point values
for each position.
c) Distribute points for each compensable factor across degree
statements.
d) Rate jobs using point method.
e) Individually rate jobs to ensure reliability.
43. f) Resolve any discrepancies in point totals.
g) Rank jobs in each job structure according to results of your
point evaluation.
Each section of the final project should be 5–7 pages in length.
Section 1: Internally Consistent Job Structures is due at the end
of Module Five. It will be
graded with the Milestone Two Rubric.
Milestone Three: Section 2: External Competitiveness
Section 2 shifts your focus outside the company to compare pay
rates of positions inside the firm with similar positions in the
external market place. The shift to
outside the company will move you away from the previous
focus on e-sonic’s internal consistency to external
competitiveness. Conducting an analysis of
external market data will support your decisions about
appropriate pay-policy mixes for job structures in the company.
In section 2 of Milestone Three, you will be introduced to tools
compensation professionals use to allocate total compensation
within job structures. Total
compensation includes base pay, benefits and varied incentives
used to attract and retain employees. During the simulation you
will use some of these tools to
develop pay policies for each e-sonic job structure.
In order to conduct your external market survey you will use
web-based salary sites developed by the US Bureau of Labor
Statistics and Glassdoor.com. These
websites develop salary pay ranges based off of actual pay data
from professionals working in specific jobs and potentially
represent the most current pay for
the job titles at e-sonic. For your final project, you will follow
the steps outlined below:
44. https://www.bls.gov/bls/blswage.htm
https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/index.htm
Section 2 Outline:
Executive Summary Findings
1. Determine Appropriate Pay-Policy Levels for E-sonic Jobs
2. External Market Review
a) Research market competitiveness using the free salary
websites listed above, which provide salary data by title and
region.
b) Research trends about cost of living adjustments in e-sonic
locations. Apply some discussion around leading, lagging or
matching the market to
the salary data you found in your market salary research. We
are assuming that the salary research you are using is similar to
benchmark jobs. As
such, you can also incorporate the discussion of whether jobs
you researched would match the benchmark jobs or require more
or less
experience and talent than the benchmark job.
c) Update salary data for inflation using CPI-U.
3. Implementation of Salary Survey Results
a) Create pay grades and ranges by integrating external market
data with internal pay grades.
b) Evaluate and summarize decisions made for each job
structure.
45. Each section of the final project should be 5–7 pages in length.
Section 2: External Marketplace is due at the end of Module
Six. It will be graded with the
Milestone Three Rubric.
Final Submission:
The final project is due at the end of Module Seven. This
version will include all revisions based on feedback from your
instructor to the Executive
Summary/Strategic Analysis, Section 1: Internally Consistent
Job Structures, and Section 2: External Competitiveness. It
should be prefaced with a 1–2-page
historical perspective on compensatio n and close with a 1–2-
page summary of how you used strategic approach, research,
communication, analytical skills, and
problem-solving to present a compensation package tailored for
e-sonic. Each section of the final project should be 5–7 pages in
length. This submission will be
graded with the Final Project Rubric (below).
Final Project Rubric
Requirements of submission: Each section of the final project
must follow these formatting guidelines: 5–7 pages per section,
double spacing, 12-point Times
New Roman font, one-inch margins, and discipline-appropriate
citations.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (85%) Needs
Improvement (55%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Historical
46. Perspective
Meets “Proficient” criteria and
includes pertinent facts that
demonstrate a sound grasp of
the historical perspective
Describes compensation in the
U.S., including several facts
from a historical perspective
Describes compensation in the
U.S., including facts from a
historical perspective, but may
have gaps in the chronology
Does not present a historical
perspective of compensation in
the U.S.
10
The Strategic
Analysis
Provides in-depth analysis that
includes an executive summary
and the strategic analysis with
all of the elements of the
outlines provided in the Building
47. Strategic Compensation Project
documentation, demonstrating
a complete understanding of all
concepts
Provides in-depth analysis that
includes an executive summary
and the strategic analysis with
most of the elements of the
outlines provided in the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
Provides an analysis that
includes an executive summary
and the strategic analysis with
some of the elements in the
outlines provided in the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
Does not provide an analysis
that includes an executive
summary and/or the strategic
analysis with elements in the
outlines provided in the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
20
Section 1: Internally
Consistent Job
Structures
48. Provides in-depth job structures
with all of the elements of
Section 1 of the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
Provides all job structures with
most of the elements of Section
1 of the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
Provides most job structures
with some of the elements of
Section 1 of the Building
Strategic Compensation Project
documentation
Does not provide job structures
with elements of Section 1 of
the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
25
Section 2: External
Competitiveness
Provides in-depth market
competitiveness report with all
of the elements of the outline
provided in Section 2 of the
Building Strategic Compensation
Project documentation
49. Provides market
competitiveness report with
most of the elements of the
outline provided in Section 2 of
the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
Provides market
competitiveness report with
some of the elements of the
outline provided in Section 2 of
the Building Strategic
Compensation Project
documentation
Does not provide market
competitiveness report with
elements of the outline
provided in Section 2 of the
Building Strategic Compensation
Project documentation
25
Summary Presents a 2-page summary
explaining in depth use of
strategic approach, research,
communication, analytical skills,
and problem-solving to present
a compensation package
tailored for e-sonic
50. Presents a 1-2-page summary
explaining use of Strategic
Approach, research,
communication, analytical skills,
and problem-solving to present
a compensation package
tailored for e-sonic
Presents a 1-2-page summary
explaining use of some of the
elements such as strategic
approach, research,
communication, analytical skills,
and problem-solving to present
a compensation package
tailored for e-sonic
Does not present a summary
explaining use of strategic
approach, research,
communication, analytical skills,
and problem-solving to present
a compensation package
tailored for e-sonic
10
Writing
(Mechanics/
Citations)
No errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and citations
51. Minor errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and citations
Some errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and citations
Major errors related to
organization, grammar and
style, and citations
10
Total 100%
Executive Summary
Rx Direct Pharmacy is the future of pharmacy care. It is an
online pharmacy created in 2021 by six eager and ambitious
student pharmacists from Notre Dame of Maryland School of
Pharmacy. Rx Direct Pharmacy is a healthcare company
designed to provide all pharmacy needs directly to the patient in
the comfort, convenience, and privacy of their own homes. Our
mission is to provide affordable, and accessible quality health
care safely and directly to our patients whenever, and wherever.
Now more than ever with the COVID-19 pandemic unwaning,
there is increased need for virtual health care services. Rx
Direct Pharmacy aims to help minimize the unnecessary visits
to the nearest local pharmacy for the average individual , lower
transportation costs to pharmacies, and increase the ease with
which prescription medications reach patients. As long as our
patients have access to internet connection, they will be able to
52. review their patient medication history, help keep track of their
medication refills, and that all their immunizations are up to
date.
We chose the Baltimore, Maryland area as our fulfillment center
location because of Maryland’s patient demographic.
Maryland’s population is predominantly adults ages 33-54,
children ages 0-18, and elderly patients ages 65 and up
respectively. This is a very diverse population that will need
pharmacy services regularly, and with the current health-care
issues Americans are facing, this population will benefit greatly
from the pharmacy expertise that Rx Direct Pharmacy can
provide. Rx Direct pharmacy offers many unique services to
our patients such as a wide drug formulary with medications
that cater to patients of all ages, but particularly elderly patients
with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and other
common chronic medical conditions in the population. Rx
Direct Pharmacy will provide traditional prescription filling
services, our patients will have access to licensed pharmacists
that will assist patients on how to best use their medications,
provide counseling, perform medication reviews, give
vaccinations and perform blood pressure checks. Rx Direct
Pharmacy will also establish a working relationship with our
patients, other healthcare providers and recommend any
possible medication changes directly to the patient's primary
provider. Rx Direct Pharmacy will offer a mobile app for
patients to keep track of their prescription information,
prescription delivery updates, medical information, to request
virtual consultations with pharmacists, and to request for any
other services that our on-call pharmacist can provide to the
patient in the comfort of their home. And with our increasingly
technological reality, families can utilize the mobile app to
request prescription refills or other pharmacy services for their
not so tech-savvy elders which will help minimize medication
adherence issues that could otherwise arise if this population
were to use the local neighborhood pharmacy.
53. Background
The target population for our virtual pharmacy can be global
potentially, but to start we would like to focus in various parts
of Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore is a city with a large amount
of underprivileged communities. They rank 87th out of 100
major cities in terms of median household incomes.
Approximately 2 out of every 10 residents live below the
poverty line. Poverty or low-income status, residence in rural
areas are factors associated with a variety of adverse health
outcomes. Finding time and means to focus on healthcare can be
a luxury that some residents can not afford. For the elderly or
impaired traveling back and forth between health care facilities
it can be an overwhelming task. Rx Direct Pharmacy can make
pharmacy services more accessible which will have a positive
effect on the overall health of the city’s residents. Rx Direct
Pharmacy will be providing services where vitals will be
performed such as pulse, blood pressure, and blood glucose. In
addition we will provide vaccinations, education on medication
usage and medication adherence by providing pill boxes to
patients that are in need.
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