1. STUDY ON QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN 20 STO...AELC
This document outlines Ma Nan Thazin Wint Aung's M.E thesis proposal on quality assurance and quality control management systems for a 20-story RC building construction project. The proposal discusses quality management planning, requirements, procedures, assurance, and costs. It aims to develop building strength quality, satisfy stakeholders, understand quality control procedures, determine suitable methods, gain assurance knowledge, and achieve quality in design, construction, and operation. The study will examine quality management system planning effects, control procedure effects, control method effectiveness, and solve quality problems to determine a suitable management procedure for the project.
The document is a report on a survey and analysis of the RPI shuttle system. It includes the following key points:
1) A survey of 175 students found high usage of the East shuttle but long wait times for both shuttles and a lack of awareness of shuttle tracking and on-call services.
2) Data analysis found the shuttle routes are generally reliable but could be improved by scheduling departures to reduce clustering.
3) Recommendations include better advertising of shuttle services, displaying the tracking system in more locations, and scheduling shuttle departures to reduce wait times.
This quality assurance plan outlines policies and procedures for providing high quality security services at a hotel location. It establishes performance standards in several key areas: responding to requests immediately, conducting thorough identification reviews, and submitting daily reports. Guards must meet grooming and uniform standards to project a professional image. Customer service skills are also essential for security officers to make guests feel safe and comfortable approaching them with questions. The plan evaluates guards' knowledge of all posts and emergency procedures to ensure smooth coordination and response across the facility. Regular hygiene checks help guards maintain cleanliness and avoid offending guests. Overall, the quality control measures promote teamwork, thorough access controls, and a security presence that protects the hotel in a polite and service-oriented manner.
This document describes the development of a quality control system for Tucksin Engineering Sdn. Bhd. A group of 5 students created INTIMaP 1.0, a quality measurement system using Microsoft Excel. The system measures quality across 5 areas - design process, efficiency, compliance, key performance, and fabrication process. It generates data, analyzes errors and areas for improvement, and tracks changes over time. The document outlines the system's objectives and measurements. Example analysis using project size data is shown to demonstrate the system.
The document provides information on various building materials including timber, glass, stone, brick, steel, and concrete. It describes the properties and common uses of each material, including flexibility and strength of timber, weight and conductivity of glass, porosity and permeability of stone, and hardness and durability of different types of stone. Price lists for building materials in India are also included.
1. STUDY ON QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN 20 STO...AELC
This document outlines Ma Nan Thazin Wint Aung's M.E thesis proposal on quality assurance and quality control management systems for a 20-story RC building construction project. The proposal discusses quality management planning, requirements, procedures, assurance, and costs. It aims to develop building strength quality, satisfy stakeholders, understand quality control procedures, determine suitable methods, gain assurance knowledge, and achieve quality in design, construction, and operation. The study will examine quality management system planning effects, control procedure effects, control method effectiveness, and solve quality problems to determine a suitable management procedure for the project.
The document is a report on a survey and analysis of the RPI shuttle system. It includes the following key points:
1) A survey of 175 students found high usage of the East shuttle but long wait times for both shuttles and a lack of awareness of shuttle tracking and on-call services.
2) Data analysis found the shuttle routes are generally reliable but could be improved by scheduling departures to reduce clustering.
3) Recommendations include better advertising of shuttle services, displaying the tracking system in more locations, and scheduling shuttle departures to reduce wait times.
This quality assurance plan outlines policies and procedures for providing high quality security services at a hotel location. It establishes performance standards in several key areas: responding to requests immediately, conducting thorough identification reviews, and submitting daily reports. Guards must meet grooming and uniform standards to project a professional image. Customer service skills are also essential for security officers to make guests feel safe and comfortable approaching them with questions. The plan evaluates guards' knowledge of all posts and emergency procedures to ensure smooth coordination and response across the facility. Regular hygiene checks help guards maintain cleanliness and avoid offending guests. Overall, the quality control measures promote teamwork, thorough access controls, and a security presence that protects the hotel in a polite and service-oriented manner.
This document describes the development of a quality control system for Tucksin Engineering Sdn. Bhd. A group of 5 students created INTIMaP 1.0, a quality measurement system using Microsoft Excel. The system measures quality across 5 areas - design process, efficiency, compliance, key performance, and fabrication process. It generates data, analyzes errors and areas for improvement, and tracks changes over time. The document outlines the system's objectives and measurements. Example analysis using project size data is shown to demonstrate the system.
The document provides information on various building materials including timber, glass, stone, brick, steel, and concrete. It describes the properties and common uses of each material, including flexibility and strength of timber, weight and conductivity of glass, porosity and permeability of stone, and hardness and durability of different types of stone. Price lists for building materials in India are also included.
project report on quality control in PEPSICO HAJIPUR Peeyush Nandan
This document provides an overview of quality control processes at Lumbini Beverage Pvt Ltd beverage plant in India. It discusses the water treatment process that purifies water through various stages including coagulation, sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon, and UV filtration. It also describes microbial testing of water and syrup, the bottle washing process, product manufacturing including syrup preparation and bottling, product testing, effluent treatment, and various quality tests conducted.
This document summarizes a student's summer training report at Chetak Enterprises Ltd. It includes an acknowledgement, table of contents, and sections on flexible pavement design using the IRC method and construction procedures. The IRC method involves using design charts to determine total pavement thickness based on subgrade CBR and design traffic in million standard axles. Individual layer thicknesses are then designed based on recommendations.
This document is a project report submitted in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It examines the design and estimation of an RCC (reinforced cement concrete) road. The report was submitted by seven students to their lecturer at Indus Institute of Technology and Management in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India in May 2015. It includes sections on surveying, road specifications, field surveys, analysis of rates, design, estimation, and costing of the RCC road project.
Chapter 7 building and sustaining performance excellence in organizationsDr. John V. Padua
This chapter discusses building and sustaining total quality organizations. Key points include:
- Adopting a total quality philosophy can help companies improve and react to competitive threats. It requires readiness for change, best practices, and an effective organizational structure.
- Corporate culture change is difficult and must have full participation at all levels. Changes take time and may not have immediate results.
- Implementing total quality requires commitment from senior management, middle management, and the entire workforce. Strategic changes address objectives while process changes improve operations.
- Common mistakes are treating quality as a program rather than a focus on customers, setting goals too low, and lack of empowerment or commitment from senior leadership. Sustaining
The document is a project report for the preliminary design of a water treatment plant. It includes an index, acknowledgements, objectives, introduction and survey sections. The structural elements section describes the main components of the water treatment plant, including an aerator, alum dosing tanks, coagulation and sedimentation tank, rapid gravity filters, chlorinator, clear water reservoir and main distribution tank. The design specifications section provides specifications for designing components like the pre-sedimentation tank.
This document discusses quality control in concrete construction. It explains that concrete is made by mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, and admixtures. Quality control is important to ensure the concrete has strength, durability, and aesthetics. Quality control involves testing the materials used, the fresh concrete mix, and the hardened concrete. Tests on fresh concrete include slump and compacting factor tests, while tests on hardened concrete include compression, tensile, and flexural strength tests. The document outlines the quality control process from the production of materials to placement and curing of the concrete.
Laboratory Internal Quality Control presentation master revision, 2014Adel Elazab Elged
Short presentation about using internal quality control material in clinical laboratory to ensure analytical quality laboratory results for the sake of better patient care and minimizing errors in diagnosis, management, and follow up.
Cellular Lightweight Concrete Blocks, CLC Blocks Manufacturing Plant, Foamed Concrete Blocks, Foam Crete Blocks, Foam Concrete Blocks, Detailed Project Report on CLC Blocks with Steam Curing Method, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics, Production Schedule, Working Capital Requirement, Plant Layout, Process Flow Sheet, Cost of Project, Projected Balance Sheets, Profitability Ratios, Break Even Analysis
CLC blocks are pretty popular in market leading builders and architects. All firms that have well learned and technically updated team of planning engineers and execution engineers are using the modern blocks wherever possible. The long term benefit of using CLC blocks one obtains is by virtue of its being very good thermal insulator.
See more
https://goo.gl/GVZ2X3
https://goo.gl/bfgggU
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Near Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Fax: +91-11-23841561
Website: http://www.niir.org , http://www.entrepreneurindia.co
TAGS
Cellular light weight manual block production, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Block Plant, Cellular lightweight concrete Blocks project report in India, Cellular lightweight concrete blocks machine, Cellular lightweight concrete Blocks, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Foam Concrete Technologies, Cellular lightweight concrete manufacturing process, Cellular lightweight concrete project report, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Using Fly Ash, CLC Based Small Scale Industries Projects, CLC blocks automatic plant project report, CLC Blocks CLC Plant ,CLC blocks Industrial Project Reports, CLC blocks machinery cost, CLC blocks making machine factory, CLC blocks Making Small Business Manufacturing, CLC blocks manufacturing Business, CLC blocks manufacturing Industry in India, CLC blocks manufacturing plant, CLC blocks manufacturing process, Project profile on CLC blocks manufacturing, Project Report for CLC Blocks, Project report of lightweight foam concrete blocks, Project report on CLC blocks Plant, Project report on CLC blocks manufacturing industries, Project Report on CLC blocks Production, Project report on lightweight concrete pdf, Setting up and opening your CLC blocks production plant, Should I manufacture CLC blocks?, Small Scale CLC blocks manufacturing Projects, Small scale CLC blocks production line, Small scale Commercial CLC blocks making,Start up Business Plan for Cellular Lightweight Concrete blocks project, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Starting a CLC blocks manufacturing Business, Startup, startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Cellular Lightweight Concrete blocks plant, startup project plan
The document discusses the seven basic quality tools which are histograms, Pareto charts, cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharting, control charts, checklists, and scatter diagrams. These quality tools can be applied to improve quality in organizations, manufacturing processes, and individual processes. They were first emphasized by Kaoru Ishikawa and help evaluate data distribution, identify important causes, examine relationships between variables, and ensure consistency in processes.
The document is a project report for an SMS based device control system using GSM technology. It was submitted by 5 students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. The project involved designing a printed circuit board to control devices remotely via SMS using a GSM modem and microcontroller. The report describes the equipment used, including the GSM modem, microcontroller, LCD display, relays, and driver IC. It also covers the PCB design and layout, programming code, working of the system, advantages and applications.
This document discusses different types of light weight concrete, including light weight aggregate concrete, aerated concrete, and no-fines concrete. Light weight concrete has lower density than normal concrete, ranging from 300-1850 kg/m3 compared to 2200-2600 kg/m3. It has advantages like reduced dead load, improved workability, and applications in pre-stressed concrete and high-rise buildings. The main methods to produce light weight concrete are using porous aggregates, incorporating air bubbles, or omitting fine aggregates. Properties depend on the type and density, with compressive strengths ranging from 0.3-40 MPa.
GLUCOband - Bianca Lennarz - DESMA9 Fall 2013 Midtermibiancca
The document proposes a glucose monitoring bracelet called GLUCOband that would help diabetics better manage their condition. It would use a small implanted chip to continuously monitor blood glucose levels through the skin and notify the wearer of any dangerous deviations from normal levels. This would eliminate the need for finger pricks multiple times a day and provide real-time glucose data, improving health outcomes and quality of life for diabetics.
China construction coating industry market demand forecast and investment str...Qianzhan Intelligence
This document provides an overview and analysis of the construction coating industry in China from 2013-2017. It discusses trends in the industry's development, market environment, competition, regional markets, and operations of major companies. Specifically:
- The industry has grown gradually in recent years due to downstream support. China's construction and decoration industries are also booming, increasing demand for construction coatings.
- Key factors influencing the industry include policies, economic growth and investment, technology development, and market competition both within China and abroad. Major international and Chinese companies are analyzed.
- Regional markets across China are examined. Eastern, Southern, Central, Northern and Northeast China each have distinct construction coating industry characteristics.
- Mark
project report on quality control in PEPSICO HAJIPUR Peeyush Nandan
This document provides an overview of quality control processes at Lumbini Beverage Pvt Ltd beverage plant in India. It discusses the water treatment process that purifies water through various stages including coagulation, sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon, and UV filtration. It also describes microbial testing of water and syrup, the bottle washing process, product manufacturing including syrup preparation and bottling, product testing, effluent treatment, and various quality tests conducted.
This document summarizes a student's summer training report at Chetak Enterprises Ltd. It includes an acknowledgement, table of contents, and sections on flexible pavement design using the IRC method and construction procedures. The IRC method involves using design charts to determine total pavement thickness based on subgrade CBR and design traffic in million standard axles. Individual layer thicknesses are then designed based on recommendations.
This document is a project report submitted in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It examines the design and estimation of an RCC (reinforced cement concrete) road. The report was submitted by seven students to their lecturer at Indus Institute of Technology and Management in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India in May 2015. It includes sections on surveying, road specifications, field surveys, analysis of rates, design, estimation, and costing of the RCC road project.
Chapter 7 building and sustaining performance excellence in organizationsDr. John V. Padua
This chapter discusses building and sustaining total quality organizations. Key points include:
- Adopting a total quality philosophy can help companies improve and react to competitive threats. It requires readiness for change, best practices, and an effective organizational structure.
- Corporate culture change is difficult and must have full participation at all levels. Changes take time and may not have immediate results.
- Implementing total quality requires commitment from senior management, middle management, and the entire workforce. Strategic changes address objectives while process changes improve operations.
- Common mistakes are treating quality as a program rather than a focus on customers, setting goals too low, and lack of empowerment or commitment from senior leadership. Sustaining
The document is a project report for the preliminary design of a water treatment plant. It includes an index, acknowledgements, objectives, introduction and survey sections. The structural elements section describes the main components of the water treatment plant, including an aerator, alum dosing tanks, coagulation and sedimentation tank, rapid gravity filters, chlorinator, clear water reservoir and main distribution tank. The design specifications section provides specifications for designing components like the pre-sedimentation tank.
This document discusses quality control in concrete construction. It explains that concrete is made by mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, and admixtures. Quality control is important to ensure the concrete has strength, durability, and aesthetics. Quality control involves testing the materials used, the fresh concrete mix, and the hardened concrete. Tests on fresh concrete include slump and compacting factor tests, while tests on hardened concrete include compression, tensile, and flexural strength tests. The document outlines the quality control process from the production of materials to placement and curing of the concrete.
Laboratory Internal Quality Control presentation master revision, 2014Adel Elazab Elged
Short presentation about using internal quality control material in clinical laboratory to ensure analytical quality laboratory results for the sake of better patient care and minimizing errors in diagnosis, management, and follow up.
Cellular Lightweight Concrete Blocks, CLC Blocks Manufacturing Plant, Foamed Concrete Blocks, Foam Crete Blocks, Foam Concrete Blocks, Detailed Project Report on CLC Blocks with Steam Curing Method, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics, Production Schedule, Working Capital Requirement, Plant Layout, Process Flow Sheet, Cost of Project, Projected Balance Sheets, Profitability Ratios, Break Even Analysis
CLC blocks are pretty popular in market leading builders and architects. All firms that have well learned and technically updated team of planning engineers and execution engineers are using the modern blocks wherever possible. The long term benefit of using CLC blocks one obtains is by virtue of its being very good thermal insulator.
See more
https://goo.gl/GVZ2X3
https://goo.gl/bfgggU
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Near Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Fax: +91-11-23841561
Website: http://www.niir.org , http://www.entrepreneurindia.co
TAGS
Cellular light weight manual block production, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Block Plant, Cellular lightweight concrete Blocks project report in India, Cellular lightweight concrete blocks machine, Cellular lightweight concrete Blocks, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Foam Concrete Technologies, Cellular lightweight concrete manufacturing process, Cellular lightweight concrete project report, Cellular Lightweight Concrete Using Fly Ash, CLC Based Small Scale Industries Projects, CLC blocks automatic plant project report, CLC Blocks CLC Plant ,CLC blocks Industrial Project Reports, CLC blocks machinery cost, CLC blocks making machine factory, CLC blocks Making Small Business Manufacturing, CLC blocks manufacturing Business, CLC blocks manufacturing Industry in India, CLC blocks manufacturing plant, CLC blocks manufacturing process, Project profile on CLC blocks manufacturing, Project Report for CLC Blocks, Project report of lightweight foam concrete blocks, Project report on CLC blocks Plant, Project report on CLC blocks manufacturing industries, Project Report on CLC blocks Production, Project report on lightweight concrete pdf, Setting up and opening your CLC blocks production plant, Should I manufacture CLC blocks?, Small Scale CLC blocks manufacturing Projects, Small scale CLC blocks production line, Small scale Commercial CLC blocks making,Start up Business Plan for Cellular Lightweight Concrete blocks project, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Starting a CLC blocks manufacturing Business, Startup, startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Cellular Lightweight Concrete blocks plant, startup project plan
The document discusses the seven basic quality tools which are histograms, Pareto charts, cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharting, control charts, checklists, and scatter diagrams. These quality tools can be applied to improve quality in organizations, manufacturing processes, and individual processes. They were first emphasized by Kaoru Ishikawa and help evaluate data distribution, identify important causes, examine relationships between variables, and ensure consistency in processes.
The document is a project report for an SMS based device control system using GSM technology. It was submitted by 5 students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. The project involved designing a printed circuit board to control devices remotely via SMS using a GSM modem and microcontroller. The report describes the equipment used, including the GSM modem, microcontroller, LCD display, relays, and driver IC. It also covers the PCB design and layout, programming code, working of the system, advantages and applications.
This document discusses different types of light weight concrete, including light weight aggregate concrete, aerated concrete, and no-fines concrete. Light weight concrete has lower density than normal concrete, ranging from 300-1850 kg/m3 compared to 2200-2600 kg/m3. It has advantages like reduced dead load, improved workability, and applications in pre-stressed concrete and high-rise buildings. The main methods to produce light weight concrete are using porous aggregates, incorporating air bubbles, or omitting fine aggregates. Properties depend on the type and density, with compressive strengths ranging from 0.3-40 MPa.
GLUCOband - Bianca Lennarz - DESMA9 Fall 2013 Midtermibiancca
The document proposes a glucose monitoring bracelet called GLUCOband that would help diabetics better manage their condition. It would use a small implanted chip to continuously monitor blood glucose levels through the skin and notify the wearer of any dangerous deviations from normal levels. This would eliminate the need for finger pricks multiple times a day and provide real-time glucose data, improving health outcomes and quality of life for diabetics.
China construction coating industry market demand forecast and investment str...Qianzhan Intelligence
This document provides an overview and analysis of the construction coating industry in China from 2013-2017. It discusses trends in the industry's development, market environment, competition, regional markets, and operations of major companies. Specifically:
- The industry has grown gradually in recent years due to downstream support. China's construction and decoration industries are also booming, increasing demand for construction coatings.
- Key factors influencing the industry include policies, economic growth and investment, technology development, and market competition both within China and abroad. Major international and Chinese companies are analyzed.
- Regional markets across China are examined. Eastern, Southern, Central, Northern and Northeast China each have distinct construction coating industry characteristics.
- Mark
691) Click.. Article aims to outline the process for taking various decisions...spandane
This document discusses the importance of following one's dharma or purpose in life each day. It states that living according to our dharma is the real "call of the day," and fulfilling our dharma every day is the "call of the year." Fulfilling our life's purpose with sincerity and dedication will lead us to truth and light.
777) Right and Wrong..Stray thoughts on various matters such as life perspect...spandane
This document discusses improving one's thinking process and quality of life. It emphasizes moving from smaller to larger perspectives, and finding peace and positivity within oneself and one's situation. Overall messages include focusing on what is within one's control and influence, and maintaining an open and learning-focused mindset.
723) CAR Article is about how to face life by following simple principles.pdfspandane
This document discusses how to deal with change by adjusting to new situations, removing obstacles, and rising to meet challenges. It encourages focusing on solutions rather than problems, and asks the reader to consider how to improve current circumstances. The overall message is about adapting to change in a constructive manner.
712) Khant - Regret, Article about missing friends and my life.pdfspandane
A 71-year old man was admitted to the hospital with stomach pain and vomiting in 2022. Doctors found a large tumor in his stomach and diagnosed him with gastric cancer. He underwent surgery to remove the tumor and part of his stomach. After two weeks of treatment and recovery in the hospital, his condition improved and he was discharged.
782) Suvichar - Management, random thoughts, reflections.pdfspandane
This document discusses the importance of unity, cooperation and compassion among all people. It states that while people may differ in terms of religion, caste, creed, language or ethnicity, they should promote harmony and respect for one another. It encourages treating all fellow humans with dignity, kindness and equality.
23) Nocturia. Is it a kidney disease or heart distdfspandane
This document discusses nocturia, which is frequent urination during the night. Nocturia can be caused by medical conditions like an enlarged prostate in men or diabetes. The document asks if excessive nighttime urination is affecting one's sleep quality and recommends seeing a doctor for evaluation and treatment if it is.
Karneeti Part 528 - Personal Budget before National Budget - By CA Umesh Shar...spandane
The document discusses the importance of personal budgeting and debt planning. It notes that while many people focus on the national budget, they ignore their own personal finances. It emphasizes that creating a monthly budget allows people to properly allocate income across expenses, identify spending priorities, and ensure expenditures don't exceed income. The document also stresses that strategic debt planning is crucial to avoid financial strain, reduce interest costs over time, and preserve good credit. Overall, the key message is that personal budgeting and debt management are important financial tools that everyone should practice.
Karneeti Part 528 - Personal Budget before National Budget - By CA Umesh Shar...
15 building material quality control
1. Sudhir Vaidya Building Material Quality control
1
१५) बांधकाम सा ह य आ ण याचा यो य दजा याचे पुन वकासातील मह व :
इमारतीचे बांधकाम चांगले हो यासाठ बांधकाम सा ह य चांग या दजाचे असणे गरजेचे आहे, हे काह वेगळे
सांग याची गरज नाह . अनेक वेळा हे बांधकाम सा ह य कोण या नकषा माणे असावे, हे Tender document -
Agreement म ये नमूद के लेले असते. परंतु सभासदांनी हे ल ात ठेवले पा हजे क ह मा हती के वळ Tender
document - Agreement म ये नमूद क न इमारतीचा दजा चांगला होणार नाह . यासाठ य बाधकाम
कर यापूव हे सा ह य Tender document - Agreement म ये नमूद के ले या दजाचे आहे क नाह हे तपासणे
आव यक आहे. अथात कागदोप ी ह जबाबदार PMC - Architect - Developer यां यावर सोपवलेल असते.
परंतु ' Buyer's Beware ' या त वानुसार कायकार मंडळाने - सभासदानी या दजावर नयं ण ठेवणे
सोसायट या फाय याचे आहे. या कामात यांना मदत हावी हणून हा chapter ल हला आहे. अथात मी काह
Civil Engineer नाह , परंतु Financial Controller हणून काम करताना, Project Management -
Monitoring चा मळालेला अनुभव, इंटरनेट या महाजालातून मळवलेल मा हती, या वषयावर ल वाचलेल
पु तके , लेख, या वषयावर ल से मनारम ये मळालेल मा हती, बांधकाम site ला दले या भेट व के लेले
नर ण व या े ातील लोकांबरोबर वेळोवेळी के लेल चचा, यावर आधा रत ह मा हती संक लत के ल आहे.
आज अनेक यवसाय कर यासाठ Professional qualification आ ण Training ची आव यकता असते. परंतु
कदा चत बांधकाम यवसाय हा असा एकच यवसाय असेल क जो कोण याह Professional qualification आ ण
Training शवाय के वळ इतर यावसाईक मंडळीना हाताशी ध न (Architect, Structural Engineer, Advocate
etc) व मदत घेऊन सु करता येतो.
अ न, व आ ण नवारा या मनु या या ाथ मक गरजा अस यामुळे बांधकाम यावसाईक मंडळीना चांगले
दवस (अ छे दन) आले आहेत.
माणसे इतर बार क सार क गो ट खरेद करताना कमती या मानाने नको इतक घासाघीस करतात. पण
याचवेळी घर घे याची मा नको इतक घाई के ल जाते. इमारती या बांधकामाब ल फारशी मा हती वचारल जात
नाह . Ready Possession मुळे बांधकाम कसे असेल हे ह कळत नाह .
परंतु पुन वकास येत सभासद बांधकामा या दजावर नयं ण ठेऊ शकतात. यामुळे या लेखातून जर जुजबी
मा हती मळत असल तर या मा हतीचा उपयोग आपण न क क शकतो. ह मा हती जर आपण Developer
आ ण PMC बरोबर बांधकामाब ल चचा करताना खुबीदारपणे वापरल कं वा या अनुषंगाने काह न वचारले तर
ह मंडळी सतक राहतील व बरे काम कर याचा य न करतील. या मा हतीचा वापर क न, अ धक मा हती सु ा
मळवता येईल. कशी वाटल idea ची क पना.!!!
पुन वकास हा स या परवल चा श द झाला आहे. जु या इमारतीत राहणारा येक जण Tower म ये राह याचे
व न बघू लागला आहे. पुन वकासासाठ सरकारने बंधनकारक मागदशक णाल तयार के ल आहे. सह नवासानी
या Circular नुसार पुन वकास करणे अपे त आहेत. परंतु अनेक वेळा या circular चे Letter आ ण Spirit
माणे पालन होत नाह व यामुळे पुन वकास वेळेत होत नाह व अनेक सभासदांना बेघर हावे लागते. नवीन
2. Sudhir Vaidya Building Material Quality control
2
बांधकामा या त ार २-३ वषात सु होतात आ ण मग ल ात येते क आपल जुनी इमारत यापे ा बर होती. पण
ह प चात बु ी असते. पुन वकास हणजे के वळ जा त जागा. मुबलक corpus fund न हे, तर हा पुन वकास वेळेत
व नयमानुसार आ ण काह वष दु तीचा ास नसावा असा झाला पा हजे.
लेखातील मा हतीचा उपयोग इमारती या दु तीसाठ कं वा घरातील दु ती कामात सु ा होऊ शके ल.असो.
मु य बांधकाम सा ह य हणजे समट, रेती, वटा आ ण ट ल.
बि डंगचा आराखडा Architect ने बनव यानंतर, Structural Engineer चा स ला घेतला जातो. कोण या दजाचे
सा ह य वापरावे याब ल याचे मागदशन घेतले जाते.
It is needless to suggest that the Building should be constructed with A class construction
material. IS Codes & IS (Standards) should be laid down in Tender document. The
Government of India has approved new Bureau of Indian Standards Bill, 2015 on 18-06-2015 to
replace the 29 year-old Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Act.
Material should be Tested / Checked / verified / Reviewed by Structural Engineer when
received at Site.
समट:
समट हा बांधकामातील मु य आ ण अ वभा य घटक आहे. दाब सहन कर या या ताकद नुसार समटचे अनेक
कार आहेत. Ordinary Portland समट ( OPC) ३३ ेड - ४३ ेड - ५३ ेडचे असते. ५३ ेडचे समट हे
सव साधारणपणे वापरले जाते. हे समट पा यात मसळ यानंतर २८ दवसानंतरची (N / mm २) compressive
strength दाख वतो.
ह ल OPC समटपे ा PPC (Portland Pozolona Cement) या समटचा वापर जा त होतो, असे वाचनात
आले आहे. या समटम ये Fly Ash मसळलेल असते. सुरवातीला PPC समट वाप न तयार के ले या
concrete ची ताकद OPC समट पे ा कमी असल , तर कालांतराने PPC समट वापर यामुळे OPC पे ा जा त
ताकद concrete ला मळते .
समट bag वर ल उ पादनाची तार ख तपासून यावी. ह तार ख जा त जुनी नसावी / Bag उघड यानंतर
समट या गुठ या दसत कामा नयेत. / समटचा रंग हरवट करडा दसला पा हजे. / कोरडा हात समट bag म ये
घातला असता, हाताला थंडावा जाणवला पा हजे. / दोन बोटांम ये समट घेऊन घासले असता, ते मऊ लागले
पा हजे. बोटाला खरखर तपणा जाणवता कामा नये. / पा यात मुठभर समट टाकले असता, ते थोडा वेळ
पा यावर तरंगले पा हजे. / समट concrete बन व यासाठ े वापरले पा हजेत.
ह ल foundation - slab cast कर यासाठ Pre- mix concrete थतयश कं पनी कडून माग वले जाते. ते
concrete Tender document म ये नमूद के यानुसार आहे क नाह हे चलन - बल बघून तपासले पा हजे. असे
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Pre- mix concrete, factory मधून site वर जाईपयत तापमान नयं त के लेले असावे, जेणेक न बांधकाम चांगले
होईल.
Cement is the main constituent of Building material. Presently due to various reasons, builder /
developers use RMC (i.e. Ready Mix Concrete)
R.M.C. is a separate plant where builders/Developers can’t interfere. We have to order the
quantity & grade. The grade will be confirmed only after Lab testing. Lab results are not available
instantly. In case we get near about desired grade, it is ok, but otherwise the entire casting
portion should be removed and the same should be re-casted. We should not compromise on this
fact. This should be specifically mentioned in the Development Agreement. If we compromise on
this point, we will face the problem in future.
We should take the sample of RMC at the site and get it checked independently of the sample
withdrawn at the RMC plant.
Conclusion: Concrete testing is essential irrespective of cost.
रेती:
खाडीची रेती वाप नये. नद पा ातील रेती वापरल असता बांधकाम चांगले होते. रेती वापर यापूव चाळून घेणे
ेय कर असते, जेणेक न वाळूतील कचरा - मोठे खडे - वेगळे काढता येतील. रेती site वर ल Lab म ये
तपासून यावी.
बरेच वेळा रेती म ये बार क गाळ, धूळ मसळलेल असते. याचे रेतीतील माण २-३ % पे ा जा त नसावे.
हे माण जा त अस यास concrete ला कालांतराने तडे पडतात. हे माण तपास यासाठ थोडी रेती मोजपा ात
घेऊन यात पाणी मसळावे व चांगले mix करावे. थो या वेळाने रेती खाल बसेल व यावर गाळ, धूळ, जमा होईल.
या नर णाव न रेतीतील इतर गो ट ंचे माण कळेल.
Site वर ल योग शाळेत रेतीचे पर ण के ले जावे. (salt content, particle size, PH etc.)
River sand is preferable. Testing should be carried out at Site Lab.
If the building site is large enough, we should insist for construction of cement tank of
appropriate size to take care of one truck load of sand. Sand should be emptied from truck in the
said Tank. Then tank should be filled with water. Keep the sand soaked in water for few hours.
Then remove the sand and store it separately. Payment should be made of good sand removed
from the water tank. You will observe that Clay and dust particles etc. would have settled at
bottom of the tank.
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वटा:
वटा सव बाजूने नीट भाजले या असा यात. / वटां या कडा तुटले या नसा यात. / वटांवर तडे नसावेत. / वट
अध तोडावी व तुटले या बाजूने ब घत यावर ती भर व दसल पा हजे. / वटेवर नखाने ओरखडा उमटता कामा नये.
/ वट २४ तास पा यात भजवून ठेवल , असता वजना या १५% पे ा जा त पाणी वटेने शोषता कामा नये. /
दोन वटा एकमेकांवर आपट या असता खणखणीत आवाज आला पा हजे. / साधारण ३ फु टांव न वट टाकल
असता, ती फु टता कामा नये.
काह ब डर वटा न वापरता समट blocks, बांधकामा site वर cast क न वापरतात. अ यावेळी या समट
blocks चा दजा तपासला पा हजे. Structural Engineer या स याने या blocks म ये समट - रेती याचे
माण यो य राखले आहे क नाह , हे वेळोवेळी ब घतले पा हजे. हे blocks तोडले असता, आतून hallow असता
कामा नयेत. ते भर व असले पा हजेत.
Small bricks are used for internal walls. Large bricks are used for external walls. Bricks should be
baked properly so that it gives metallic sound on dashing.
Bricks on arrival at the site should be stacked properly and good quantity of water should be
poured on the said bricks twice –thrice during the day. Next day, one can observe that bad
quality bricks are broken. Remove only good quality bricks and pay for the same.
पाणी :
बांधकामात पाणी हा खूप मह वाचा घटक आहे. समट concrete म ये पा याचे माण यो य असणे मह वाचे आहे.
पाणी आ ण समट चे माण कती असावे यासाठ कामगारांना श ण देणे हे PMC आ ण Developer चे काम
आहे. Site वर येणा या पा याचे पर ण Site वर ल Lab म ये के ले पा हजे. समट concrete चे mixture ११ PH
होईल असेच पाणी वापरले पा हजे, जेणेक लोखंडी स या गंज या या येला अटकाव होईल असे वाचनात आले
आहे. बांधकामासाठ वापरायचे पाणी हे प यायो य असेल तर बांधकाम चांगले होते, असे एका से मनार म ये
सां गतले होते.
ट ल:
ट लचे कार - स या, Tor steel स या, flat, तारा, ट ल plates वगैरे. Site वर ल स या यवि थत झाकू न
ठेव या पा हजेत. नाह तर या गंजायला लागतात. ट ल कोण या IS कोड चे असावे, तसेच ट ल कोण या
कं पनीचे असावे, हे Tender / agreement म ये नमूद करावे.
Steel should be tested in Lab before use. As far as possible, branded steel (like Tata Steel) should
be used. In that case, the same need not be tested.
Steel should be stacked properly on a stands specifically fabricated for storage. Such stands
should be at least 1 foot above ground level. During monsoon, steel should be properly covered
to avoid rusting.
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Steel rods, plates should be painted /treated with chemical before use. (Anti-corrosion)
Shuttering material should be of iron plates instead of wooden planks.
Iron scaffolding should be used during construction to avoid accidents.
Plumbing:
At present G.I. pipes have been replaced by PVC, CPVC pipes. Branded plumbing material
should be used.
Electrical:
i) Good quality conduit pipes should be used irrespective of cost.
ii ) Branded & required grade wires should be used.
iii ) Branded electrical items should be used.
Structural Engineer / his senior assistant should be present at the site during casting of the slab
for supervision.
Site वर योग शाळा असल पा हजे हणजे पा याचे, वाळूचे पर ण करता येईल.
म ानो, या वषयाचा आवाका खूप मोठा आहे. परंतु या जुजबी मा हतीचा उपयोग के ला असता, PMC /
Developer कडून चांगले काम क न घेता येईल, याची मला खा ी आहे.