The 12th Five Year Plan aims to achieve overall development in India to make it a developed nation by focusing on key areas like water and food security, healthcare, employment, environment protection, energy, and developing skilled manpower. Specifically, the plan aims to conserve rainwater to fulfill drinking water needs and increase food production; adopt integrated medicine systems alongside allopathy; generate employment through small industries; protect forests and increase green cover with local community support; meet increasing future energy demands through renewable sources; and initiate skill development programs to create skilled workers and earn foreign exchange.

1. 12th Five Year Plan: Targets to be Achieved
International economic experts are envisaging that in the
upcoming 12th FYP, a developing nation like India will have to
strive for overall development in various sectors to ensure its
goal in becoming a developed nation. Some of the core areas,
which require focussed approach can be listed as follows:
1. Water & Food Security: Though having invested crores of
rupees on the construction of big, medium and smaller dams,
India has not been able to harvest even 10% of the rainwater, by
adequate conservation of the rainwater, it is possible to fulfill the
demand of drinking water most of the wasteland under use.
Which is turn would increase the food productivity hence
helping in achieving the desire target of food security.
2. Health: Instead of depending only on "Allopathy" India should adopt "Integrated
Medicinal System" comprising of Ayurveda, Unani & Siddha system through which
minor ailment could be treated very successfully. Also it is need of the hour to recognise
medicinal research in both "Allopathic" & traditional system.
3. Employment: Since the adoption of "Free market Economy" from 1991, no doubt
that the growth rate has gone up to 9% but it is equally true that more than 2 million
people have become jobless alone from the Corporate sector. Also a number of small
scale units in the country have been focused to close their establishment. therefore plan of
inclusive growth has no relevance if it fails in providing employment to million of
people. Certainly, having regards to the serious problem of unemployment, it is very
important to emphasize on the growth of small scale & cottage industries also. Because
these industries could not only generate employment opportunities, but can also earn
considerable foreign exchange.
4. Protection of Environment & Ecology: population explosion, forest degradation,
unplanned urbanisation has done great loss to our environment, creating environmental
imbalance & posing a serious threat to the ecology. Also in a country like India, where
60% of the total population lives in rural area agri-produce can substantial ass to the
economic growth. For the purpose full-hearted participation of the local people is
required, without their support it is not possible to protect the forest & to increase the
green cover.
5. Energy: It is estimated that in future India might require ten times more energy that it
is producing today. And looking at the limitations of conventional energy resources such
as sun, wind, bio-mass & oceanic energy.
6. Trained & Skilled Manpower: For the overall development more & more trained and
skilled manpower is required. Therefore the Government must insist for various skill

2. development initiatives to develop skilled manpower which could also become a source
of earning foreign exchange from all over the globe.
Importance from examination point of view:
i) 12th FYP - Targets & Challenges
ii) Initiatives & Action to be taken nu the Government for overall development.
iii) Suggestive measures in order to become a developed nation.
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