The United States has discovered nearly $1 trillion in untapped mineral deposits in Afghanistan, including huge amounts of iron, copper, cobalt, gold and lithium. The mineral deposits are so valuable that they could transform Afghanistan's economy and potentially be developed to fund the country's economic growth. However, major challenges include the ongoing war, corruption, environmental protection concerns, and developing Afghanistan's infrastructure and capacity to manage this industry. The mineral wealth also risks fueling more conflict if not properly managed.