1� The New Social Worker Spring �007
Considerations in Writing a Literature Review
by Kathy Black, Ph.D.
Literature reviews are ubiquitous in
academic journals, scholarly reports, and
social work education. Students taking
social work courses throughout the cur-
riculum, including Human Behavior and
the Social Environment, Practice, Policy,
and Research classes, are frequently
asked to write literature reviews for a
variety of reasons. Literature reviews are
often done within the context of writing
a paper and sometimes done as a mini-
assignment, perhaps setting the frame
for a broader paper, exposing students
to the breadth of information available
on a topic area, or demonstrating skills
in critical thinking and writing ability.
However, there are some
general guidelines to follow
when writing a literature re-
view. This article will briefly
outline key points for you to
keep in mind when writing
literature reviews for social
work.
Getting Ready
To begin with, you
will need to ascertain the
purpose of the literature
review. At the very least, be
aware of the purpose, scope,
and length of the literature review, as
well as the writing requirements. This
requires clarifying the purpose (Is it to
simply overview a broad or specific area of
inquiry, or is it expected to be comprehensive
or systematic?), scope (How much informa-
tion is needed—three scholarly sources? Five
or 10 sources? Are there any limits to the
inquiry? Perhaps a focus on distinct ethnici-
ties or time periods?), and length (Is the
final review expected to yield one page or
10 pages of review?). You should also be
familiar with required writing styles, such
as American Psychological Association
(APA), and other expectations, such as
double spacing, font size, and so forth.
Once purpose, scope, length, and writing
expectations are ascertained, you can
embark on conducting your search for
literature.
The Search
Searching for literature is quite easy
these days. Today, much information
is available electronically, and you can
obtain literature just about anytime and
anywhere. To begin the search, take ad-
vantage of library resources available to
you through your college or university.
Libraries often offer group or personal-
ized training in accessing information,
and librarians are often available to help
on specific topic assignments, as well. If
you are a student, you will be exposed
to search engines and databases such as
Social Work Abstracts and procedures for
accessing or requesting books, journal
articles, and reports that relate to your
topic.
Although information is also widely
available through the World Wide Web,
not every site offers credible informa-
tion. You can learn from your library
about criteria to evaluate the legitimacy
of information. One increasingly popular
source of information is Google Scholar
(www.googlescholar.com). This site has ac-
cess to professional journal lis.
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R Academic Services • .docxAASTHA76
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R
Academic Services • Phone: 962-7710
www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/
How to Write a Literature Review
What This Handout is About…
This handout will explain what a Literature Review is and offer insights into the form and
construction of a Literature Review in the Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off your world literature
anthology book, settle down in your Ebert and Roper at the Movies theatre chair with
your popcorn and soda in hand, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down”
as you leaf through the pages. “Literature Review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a
topic, not necessarily the Great Literary Texts of the World. “Literature” could be
anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to
scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily
mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and
sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an
organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap
of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a
reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or
combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the
field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may
evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research
paper?
While the main focus of an academic research paper is to support your own argument, the
focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of
others. The academic research paper also covers a range of sources, but it is usually a
select number of sources, because the emphasis is on the argument. Likewise, a literature
review can also have an “argument,” but it is not as important as covering a number of
sources. In short, an academic research paper and a literature review contain some of the
same elements. In fact, many academic research papers will contain a literature review
section. But it is the aspect of the study (the argument or the sources) that is emphasized
that determines what type of document it is.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have
limited time to conduct res.
A lecture on how to do a literature review. Covers what a literature is, journal hierachies, H index, I index, types of lit review - narrative, meta and systematic, search startegies, forest, filtering literature, using databases to search and making a search string
This is a lesson in Research 1- Basic Research and is good for a 1.5 hours classroom activity. It covers images that can motivate undergraduate students from class participation during the class activity.
By Cristie McClendon, Scott Greenberger, and Stacey BridgesTawnaDelatorrejs
By Cristie McClendon, Scott Greenberger, and Stacey Bridges
Reading Quantitative Research
Essential Questions
1. What types of research problems are suitable for quantitative research?
2. How does a researcher select a quantitative design?
3. What are the GCU core designs for quantitative research?
4. How does one select appropriate measures or instruments for quantitative research?
5. What sampling approaches are used in quantitative research?
6. What are the most common approaches used in quantitative data analysis?
Introduction
Quantitative research is frequently used in the social sciences because it is quick, relatively inexpensive, and
considered a valid method of inquiry by researchers and academicians. The goals of quantitative research are
to describe the attributes of a group of people, to measure differences between groups, to determine if a
relationship exists between variables, or to predict if one event or factor causes another.
Quantitative studies contain measurable and quanti�able data, a
statistically appropriate sample, use of statistical techniques, and
a structured data collection plan to ensure that the study can be
replicated. Additionally, quantitative studies require the use of
valid and reliable instruments, surveys, or databases to quantify
variables. The research method is deductive, very structured, and
in�exible as often the goal of the researcher is to generalize or
apply the results to other groups and populations besides those
participating in the study. Ultimately, quantitative research offers a systematic and structured process for
answering research questions (Balnaves & Caputi, 2001).
Critically Reading Quantitative Research
Doctoral learners must go through a process of learning how to critically read empirical research. While
reading is a familiar skill to learners, at the doctoral level, it takes on new depth as learners transition to the
mindset of a researcher. The required reading materials will be more dif�cult to read, take more time, and
require learners to improve their reading ef�ciency and critical-thinking skills. Having ample time built in for
reading is crucial to the success of a doctoral student. Reading is the foundation to a dissertation research
project. The �rst 2 years before a proposal is accepted will be spent reading peer-reviewed articles,
dissertations, books, and other scholarly sources that can potentially contribute to the dissertation project. At
the same time, the reading of these materials directly contributes to subject matter expertise of the learner
helping to make him or her an expert in the �eld of study. Unfortunately, there is not a speci�c number of
Schedule enough time to read
critically.
resources that a learner must read to transform into an expert. The reading process in a doctoral program is an
ongoing, self-directed, independent project that begins in the �rst course and does not end until the
dissertation is approved. Ev ...
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R Academic Services • .docxAASTHA76
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R
Academic Services • Phone: 962-7710
www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/
How to Write a Literature Review
What This Handout is About…
This handout will explain what a Literature Review is and offer insights into the form and
construction of a Literature Review in the Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off your world literature
anthology book, settle down in your Ebert and Roper at the Movies theatre chair with
your popcorn and soda in hand, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down”
as you leaf through the pages. “Literature Review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a
topic, not necessarily the Great Literary Texts of the World. “Literature” could be
anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to
scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily
mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and
sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an
organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap
of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a
reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or
combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the
field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may
evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research
paper?
While the main focus of an academic research paper is to support your own argument, the
focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of
others. The academic research paper also covers a range of sources, but it is usually a
select number of sources, because the emphasis is on the argument. Likewise, a literature
review can also have an “argument,” but it is not as important as covering a number of
sources. In short, an academic research paper and a literature review contain some of the
same elements. In fact, many academic research papers will contain a literature review
section. But it is the aspect of the study (the argument or the sources) that is emphasized
that determines what type of document it is.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have
limited time to conduct res.
A lecture on how to do a literature review. Covers what a literature is, journal hierachies, H index, I index, types of lit review - narrative, meta and systematic, search startegies, forest, filtering literature, using databases to search and making a search string
This is a lesson in Research 1- Basic Research and is good for a 1.5 hours classroom activity. It covers images that can motivate undergraduate students from class participation during the class activity.
By Cristie McClendon, Scott Greenberger, and Stacey BridgesTawnaDelatorrejs
By Cristie McClendon, Scott Greenberger, and Stacey Bridges
Reading Quantitative Research
Essential Questions
1. What types of research problems are suitable for quantitative research?
2. How does a researcher select a quantitative design?
3. What are the GCU core designs for quantitative research?
4. How does one select appropriate measures or instruments for quantitative research?
5. What sampling approaches are used in quantitative research?
6. What are the most common approaches used in quantitative data analysis?
Introduction
Quantitative research is frequently used in the social sciences because it is quick, relatively inexpensive, and
considered a valid method of inquiry by researchers and academicians. The goals of quantitative research are
to describe the attributes of a group of people, to measure differences between groups, to determine if a
relationship exists between variables, or to predict if one event or factor causes another.
Quantitative studies contain measurable and quanti�able data, a
statistically appropriate sample, use of statistical techniques, and
a structured data collection plan to ensure that the study can be
replicated. Additionally, quantitative studies require the use of
valid and reliable instruments, surveys, or databases to quantify
variables. The research method is deductive, very structured, and
in�exible as often the goal of the researcher is to generalize or
apply the results to other groups and populations besides those
participating in the study. Ultimately, quantitative research offers a systematic and structured process for
answering research questions (Balnaves & Caputi, 2001).
Critically Reading Quantitative Research
Doctoral learners must go through a process of learning how to critically read empirical research. While
reading is a familiar skill to learners, at the doctoral level, it takes on new depth as learners transition to the
mindset of a researcher. The required reading materials will be more dif�cult to read, take more time, and
require learners to improve their reading ef�ciency and critical-thinking skills. Having ample time built in for
reading is crucial to the success of a doctoral student. Reading is the foundation to a dissertation research
project. The �rst 2 years before a proposal is accepted will be spent reading peer-reviewed articles,
dissertations, books, and other scholarly sources that can potentially contribute to the dissertation project. At
the same time, the reading of these materials directly contributes to subject matter expertise of the learner
helping to make him or her an expert in the �eld of study. Unfortunately, there is not a speci�c number of
Schedule enough time to read
critically.
resources that a learner must read to transform into an expert. The reading process in a doctoral program is an
ongoing, self-directed, independent project that begins in the �rst course and does not end until the
dissertation is approved. Ev ...
The role of the literature review Your literature review gives y.docxoreo10
The role of the literature review
Your literature review gives your readers an understanding of the evolution of scholarly research on your topic.
In your literature review you will:
•survey the scholarly landscape
•provide a synthesis of the issues, trends, and concepts
•possibly provide some historical background
Throughout the literature review, your emphasis should fall on the current scholarly conversation. This is why the rubric often specifies that you need resources from peer-reviewed journals, published within the last five years of your anticipated graduation date. It's in these recent, peer-reviewed journals that the scholarly debate is being carried out!
The literature review also shows the "gap" in the conversation -- and how your own doctoral study will fill that gap and contribute to the scholarly knowledge. This is where you make the case for the importance and usefulness for your own work.
Searching comprehensively
Your literature review should be as comprehensive as possible -- you want to include all of the relevant resources dealing with your topic. Missing important articles or researchers will significantly weaken your scholarship! So, searching comprehensively becomes important.
To ensuring comprehensiveness:
•Identify the databases that will cover your topic
◦Spend some time reading the descriptions of the databases in your subject area
◦Contact the Library to get advice from a librarian on appropriate databases
◦Some topics cross over subject/theoretical boundaries, and librarians can suggest databases that you may not have considered
•Search in more than one database
◦Some of our databases are huge, containing thousands of journals, but no single database covers every journal relevant to a topic
◦Searching in each relevant database, one at a time, gives you a better sense of control over your search, as well as a more accurate idea of the journals/databases that you've covered
Using a multi-database search (such as Thoreau) is not necessarily recommended; in doing so, you lose the ability to use subject terms and search limits that may be unique to each database.
•Explore resources outside of the databases:
◦Government websites
◦Professional organizations
◦Research groups
◦Think tanks
These can all be important sources of statistics and reliable information. These will not be peer-reviewed resources (i.e. since they are not journals, they do not employ the same sort of editorial process that results in peer-review). Evaluating for reliability is important!
Beyond the Library: Google Scholar
Google Scholar provides a good way to take your search beyond the databases; it searches very broadly and will pull in resources you may not have discovered before.
Google's definition of scholarly includes government sites, think tanks, research organizations, journal websites, and of course colleges and universities.
Unfortunately, there is no way to limit your Google Scholar search to only peer-reviewed res ...
Methodology ProjectThis project will be completed in steps wi.docxbuffydtesurina
Methodology Project:
This project will be completed in steps with several due dates throughout the semester in order to facilitate understanding of the process involved in a research project. For this project you will be responsible for writing an annotated bibliography, creating hypotheses, operationalizing variables, creating survey questions, and creating an interview guide for your chosen topic.
All steps of the project must abide by the following guidelines:
· Project must have a cover sheet with: title, name, date of submission.
· Pages must be numbered.
· Written in Times New Roman 12-point font, double spaced, with one inch margins on all sides (NOTE: default in word is 1.25).
· Spell-check and grammar-check the document prior to submission.
· Proof-read the document prior to submission.
· Cite sources using the APA format.
The entire project is worth a maximum of 200 points or 50% of your final grade!
Step One ~ Annotated Bibliography:
When searching for sources, you must find relevant academic journal/periodical articles. This means you cannot use popular magazines, newspaper articles, or other non-academic sources! You also cannot use books for this assignment.
Scholarly journal article
Non-scholarly sources
content
original research or comprehensive review of existing research
general information, typically current events, broad overview of the topic
format
structured article with abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, and bibliography
no structured format
audience
professionals/students in a particular field of study
general public
authors
scholars or experts in the field; articles are signed and credentials are provided
hired journalists or professional writers
evidence
thorough bibliography or "cited references" provided
No bibliography; research/reports may be mentioned in the article
purpose
inform of scholarly/scientific research
to entertain or inform general public
examples
Criminology; Criminology & Public Policy; Social Problems; Criminal Justice Review
Time; Newsweek; Sports Illustrated; Rolling Stone; National Geographic
It will be useful for you to search for articles using a computerized search program such as EbscoHost or Sociofile, both of which can be accessed through the MSU library’s database section using the instructions provided below. When in doubt, the library reference section personnel can usually be of assistance. You want to be careful in relying on your favorite search engine (such as google) to find academic sources, unless you are using a search engine oriented toward scholarly work (such as http://scholar.google.com/).
How to Access the MSU Databases to Find Scholarly Articles
(1) Go to the MSU homepage (www.montclair.edu) and under “Menu” click on “Library.”
(2) Click on “databases” on the right.
(3) On the right click on “Academic Search Complete.”
(4) You will be prompted to enter your username and password.
(5) You will now see the Ebsco.
InstructionsThis assignment has several warm-up activities and.docxLaticiaGrissomzz
Instructions
This assignment has several warm-up activities and one main task. Please ensure you have completed each warm-up activity before completing the main task. The main task requires you to search for, and then analyze research from the library on a topic of interest in social work. This can be a topic you have investigated during your previous coursework.
Warm-up Activity 1: Getting Acquainted with the NCU Library
NCU Library is committed to supporting the academic research needs of students, faculty, and staff. The Library does this by providing timely access to quality, scholarly, and appropriate information resources and library services, such as reference, information literacy instruction, and inter-library loan services. Students also have access to highly qualified and experienced Library staff.
Library services include:
Research Databases
- Access to A - Z databases list from the library’s home page containing thousands of journals, magazines, newspapers, e-Books, dissertations, financial data, and other information resources available in the Library.
Inter-library Loan Service
(ILL) - Students needing articles, and book chapters not in the Library collection can submit an inter-library loan request. Students can register for the ILL service by clicking the “Request Inter-library Loan Items” link on the Library homepage. Students will need to utilize local libraries for print-only materials.
Ask a Librarian
- Students can receive library assistance 24/7 via the “Ask a Librarian” service. Ask a Librarian allows patrons to search an ever-expanding knowledge bank of frequently asked Library questions and their responses, conveniently located at the bottom of the blue, left-side toolbar located on every Library Guide. NCU Students, faculty, and staff may also complete an
Ask a Librarian Form
. Questions are answered promptly during Library Staffed Hours.
Research Consultations
- The Library offers a research consultation service for students, faculty, and staff. This is an in-depth, personalized, one-on-one meeting with a reference librarian to discuss possible information resources and search strategies for class assignments, papers, presentations, Masters theses, and doctoral dissertations.
Library Workshops
- Library workshops provide in-depth information about using library resources and services. Recorded workshops are available from the Learn the Library page. Students are strongly encouraged to view a Library workshop before beginning coursework.
Warm-up Activity 2: Considering Information Literacy
Read the Northcentral University Library page called
Research Process
and review various links and tutorials to prepare for using the library.
As you go through the rest of this assignment, you will be asked to use the Northcentral University Library to locate books, articles, and other appropriate online resources about family therapy. For this purpose, it is necessary for you to identify a topic that you wo.
Research Presentation instructions Research Question andCitation.docxdebishakespeare
Research Presentation instructions
Research Question andCitations
The Research Presentation begins with a research question and a bibliographic search. You should identify 2 to 4 studies that address the same research question. Please send your References to me with citations written in APA style --see APA Manual of Style, 6th ed. -- no later than the date listed in the Calendar. I will use your Research Question to peruse the titles to make sure they look like original reports of empirical studies that are all on the same research question, and I will do an APA check on one of your citations. No grade will be taken; however, part of your presentation grade depends on using appropriate articles and writing your References page in APA style. If you are in doubt about whether a study is an "original report of an empirical study," feel free to attach it to the Citations and RQ email. Please start early on this assignment and plan to spend several hours searching for the right kind of articles that are all on the same research question. If you need assistance with APA style, please consult the Kail and Cavanaugh text References for many examples of APA-style reference citations.
A sampling of possible topics is listed here, but please feel free to examine other topics of interest. It helps to define your topic in terms of the “effects of X on Y in Z population.” For example:
Effects of X...
...on Y...
...in Z population
Example Research Questions
pretend play, parenting conflict, violence, divorce, alcoholism, daycare, self-esteem, social isolation, untimely death of family member, homelessness, early reading, eating disorders
intelligence, creativity, school achievement, social well-being language development, attachment, identity, physical health, dating practices
preschoolers, elementary school students, children, high school students, infants, adolescents, seniors, young adults
1. What are the effects of pretend play on language development in preschoolers?
2. What are the effects of pretend play on school achievement in elementary school students.
3. What are the effects of family violence on social well-being in adolescents?
4. What are the effects of peer pressure on academic achievement in middle-schoolers?
NB: Please make sure that the items you choose for each "variable" in your research question work together sensibly.
Examples of relevant journals at the ISU Cunningham Memorial Library include: Developmental Psychology, Human Development, Infancy, Adolescence, Child Development, Social Development, Childhood and Adolescence, Family and Community Health, Family Relations and Child Development, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, Journal of Educational Psychology, Journal of Child Language. There are many other journals that also publish empirical reports of studies on human development. Increasingly, reputable journals are available online. If you have a question about a given source, ...
What is an Annotated BibliographyAs you develop a working the.docxalanfhall8953
What is an Annotated Bibliography?
As you develop a working thesis for your final paper and begin to collect different pieces of evidence, you will soon find yourself needing some sort of system for keeping track of everything.
The system discussed this week is an annotated bibliography, which is a list of sources on a particular topic that includes a brief summary of what each source is about.
Here is an example of an entry from an annotated bibliography in Turabian style:
Parsons, Matt. “Protecting Children on the Electronic
Frontier: A Law Enforcement Challenge.” FBI Law
Enforcement Bulletin 69.10 (2000): 22-26.
Parsons is an FBI agent specializing in cyber security. This article is about an educational program used by the U.S. Navy to educate people in the Navy and their families about some of the things that are potentially dangerous to children about the Internet. Parsons says that the educational program has been effective.
Annotated bibliography entries have two parts. The top of the entry is the citation itself. It is the part that starts “Parsons, Matt’” and that lists information like the name of the writer, title of the publication, the date of publication, and other publishing information.
The second part of the entry is the summary of the evidence being cited. A good annotated bibliography summary provides enough information in a sentence or two to help you and others understand what the research is about in a neutral and non-opinionated way. They are an example of this sort of very brief,
“just the facts” sort of summary. The most important goal of your brief summary is to help you, colleagues, and other potential readers get an idea about the subject of the particular piece of evidence.
Summaries can be challenging to write, especially when you are trying to write them about longer and more complicated sources of research. Keep these guidelines in mind as you write your own summaries:
· Keep your summary short. Good summaries for annotated bibliographies are not “complete” summaries; rather, they provide the highlights of the evidence in as brief and concise a manner as possible, no more than a few sentences.
· Don’t quote from what you are summarizing. Summaries will be more useful to you and your colleagues if you write them in your own words. Instead of quoting directly what you think is the point of the piece of evidence, try to paraphrase it.
· Don’t “cut and paste” from database abstracts. Many of the periodical indexes that are available as part of the library’s database include abstracts of articles. Do no “cut” this abstract material and then “paste” it into your own annotated bibliography. For one thing, this is plagiarism. Second, “cutting and pasting” from the abstract defeats one of the purposes of writing summaries and creating an annotated bibliography in the first place, which is to help you understand and explain your research, and identifying how each publication is to be used in your paper.
Differ.
Write a five page paper that analysis the HispanicLatino politics i.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a five page paper that analysis the Hispanic/Latino politics in one of the following state: Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, or Texas. The paper should make predictions for Hispanic electoral performance in that state 2020.
2. The paper should be double space and properly reference
3. Select one of state from the following list:
4. In order to adequately analysis you need
a. Historic overview of state’s Latino population
b. Demographic of current Latino population
1. VAP
2. % citizen
3. % living in property
4. % home ownership
5. Income
6. Education attainment
c. Election Behavior for State Latino population
1. President 2012, and 2016
2. Off year 2014 and 2018
3. List of Latino Elected officials
5. Conclusion Why the prediction
.
Write a five (5) paragraph (or longer) essay response . Write your e.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a five (5) paragraph (or longer) essay response . Write your essay on your own paper and underline your thesis. Refer to the assigned readings, as appropriate.
Subject: Discuss why citizens of the world should be concerned (or unconcerned) about global warming, climate change, and the health of Earth.
.
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The role of the literature review Your literature review gives y.docxoreo10
The role of the literature review
Your literature review gives your readers an understanding of the evolution of scholarly research on your topic.
In your literature review you will:
•survey the scholarly landscape
•provide a synthesis of the issues, trends, and concepts
•possibly provide some historical background
Throughout the literature review, your emphasis should fall on the current scholarly conversation. This is why the rubric often specifies that you need resources from peer-reviewed journals, published within the last five years of your anticipated graduation date. It's in these recent, peer-reviewed journals that the scholarly debate is being carried out!
The literature review also shows the "gap" in the conversation -- and how your own doctoral study will fill that gap and contribute to the scholarly knowledge. This is where you make the case for the importance and usefulness for your own work.
Searching comprehensively
Your literature review should be as comprehensive as possible -- you want to include all of the relevant resources dealing with your topic. Missing important articles or researchers will significantly weaken your scholarship! So, searching comprehensively becomes important.
To ensuring comprehensiveness:
•Identify the databases that will cover your topic
◦Spend some time reading the descriptions of the databases in your subject area
◦Contact the Library to get advice from a librarian on appropriate databases
◦Some topics cross over subject/theoretical boundaries, and librarians can suggest databases that you may not have considered
•Search in more than one database
◦Some of our databases are huge, containing thousands of journals, but no single database covers every journal relevant to a topic
◦Searching in each relevant database, one at a time, gives you a better sense of control over your search, as well as a more accurate idea of the journals/databases that you've covered
Using a multi-database search (such as Thoreau) is not necessarily recommended; in doing so, you lose the ability to use subject terms and search limits that may be unique to each database.
•Explore resources outside of the databases:
◦Government websites
◦Professional organizations
◦Research groups
◦Think tanks
These can all be important sources of statistics and reliable information. These will not be peer-reviewed resources (i.e. since they are not journals, they do not employ the same sort of editorial process that results in peer-review). Evaluating for reliability is important!
Beyond the Library: Google Scholar
Google Scholar provides a good way to take your search beyond the databases; it searches very broadly and will pull in resources you may not have discovered before.
Google's definition of scholarly includes government sites, think tanks, research organizations, journal websites, and of course colleges and universities.
Unfortunately, there is no way to limit your Google Scholar search to only peer-reviewed res ...
Methodology ProjectThis project will be completed in steps wi.docxbuffydtesurina
Methodology Project:
This project will be completed in steps with several due dates throughout the semester in order to facilitate understanding of the process involved in a research project. For this project you will be responsible for writing an annotated bibliography, creating hypotheses, operationalizing variables, creating survey questions, and creating an interview guide for your chosen topic.
All steps of the project must abide by the following guidelines:
· Project must have a cover sheet with: title, name, date of submission.
· Pages must be numbered.
· Written in Times New Roman 12-point font, double spaced, with one inch margins on all sides (NOTE: default in word is 1.25).
· Spell-check and grammar-check the document prior to submission.
· Proof-read the document prior to submission.
· Cite sources using the APA format.
The entire project is worth a maximum of 200 points or 50% of your final grade!
Step One ~ Annotated Bibliography:
When searching for sources, you must find relevant academic journal/periodical articles. This means you cannot use popular magazines, newspaper articles, or other non-academic sources! You also cannot use books for this assignment.
Scholarly journal article
Non-scholarly sources
content
original research or comprehensive review of existing research
general information, typically current events, broad overview of the topic
format
structured article with abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, and bibliography
no structured format
audience
professionals/students in a particular field of study
general public
authors
scholars or experts in the field; articles are signed and credentials are provided
hired journalists or professional writers
evidence
thorough bibliography or "cited references" provided
No bibliography; research/reports may be mentioned in the article
purpose
inform of scholarly/scientific research
to entertain or inform general public
examples
Criminology; Criminology & Public Policy; Social Problems; Criminal Justice Review
Time; Newsweek; Sports Illustrated; Rolling Stone; National Geographic
It will be useful for you to search for articles using a computerized search program such as EbscoHost or Sociofile, both of which can be accessed through the MSU library’s database section using the instructions provided below. When in doubt, the library reference section personnel can usually be of assistance. You want to be careful in relying on your favorite search engine (such as google) to find academic sources, unless you are using a search engine oriented toward scholarly work (such as http://scholar.google.com/).
How to Access the MSU Databases to Find Scholarly Articles
(1) Go to the MSU homepage (www.montclair.edu) and under “Menu” click on “Library.”
(2) Click on “databases” on the right.
(3) On the right click on “Academic Search Complete.”
(4) You will be prompted to enter your username and password.
(5) You will now see the Ebsco.
InstructionsThis assignment has several warm-up activities and.docxLaticiaGrissomzz
Instructions
This assignment has several warm-up activities and one main task. Please ensure you have completed each warm-up activity before completing the main task. The main task requires you to search for, and then analyze research from the library on a topic of interest in social work. This can be a topic you have investigated during your previous coursework.
Warm-up Activity 1: Getting Acquainted with the NCU Library
NCU Library is committed to supporting the academic research needs of students, faculty, and staff. The Library does this by providing timely access to quality, scholarly, and appropriate information resources and library services, such as reference, information literacy instruction, and inter-library loan services. Students also have access to highly qualified and experienced Library staff.
Library services include:
Research Databases
- Access to A - Z databases list from the library’s home page containing thousands of journals, magazines, newspapers, e-Books, dissertations, financial data, and other information resources available in the Library.
Inter-library Loan Service
(ILL) - Students needing articles, and book chapters not in the Library collection can submit an inter-library loan request. Students can register for the ILL service by clicking the “Request Inter-library Loan Items” link on the Library homepage. Students will need to utilize local libraries for print-only materials.
Ask a Librarian
- Students can receive library assistance 24/7 via the “Ask a Librarian” service. Ask a Librarian allows patrons to search an ever-expanding knowledge bank of frequently asked Library questions and their responses, conveniently located at the bottom of the blue, left-side toolbar located on every Library Guide. NCU Students, faculty, and staff may also complete an
Ask a Librarian Form
. Questions are answered promptly during Library Staffed Hours.
Research Consultations
- The Library offers a research consultation service for students, faculty, and staff. This is an in-depth, personalized, one-on-one meeting with a reference librarian to discuss possible information resources and search strategies for class assignments, papers, presentations, Masters theses, and doctoral dissertations.
Library Workshops
- Library workshops provide in-depth information about using library resources and services. Recorded workshops are available from the Learn the Library page. Students are strongly encouraged to view a Library workshop before beginning coursework.
Warm-up Activity 2: Considering Information Literacy
Read the Northcentral University Library page called
Research Process
and review various links and tutorials to prepare for using the library.
As you go through the rest of this assignment, you will be asked to use the Northcentral University Library to locate books, articles, and other appropriate online resources about family therapy. For this purpose, it is necessary for you to identify a topic that you wo.
Research Presentation instructions Research Question andCitation.docxdebishakespeare
Research Presentation instructions
Research Question andCitations
The Research Presentation begins with a research question and a bibliographic search. You should identify 2 to 4 studies that address the same research question. Please send your References to me with citations written in APA style --see APA Manual of Style, 6th ed. -- no later than the date listed in the Calendar. I will use your Research Question to peruse the titles to make sure they look like original reports of empirical studies that are all on the same research question, and I will do an APA check on one of your citations. No grade will be taken; however, part of your presentation grade depends on using appropriate articles and writing your References page in APA style. If you are in doubt about whether a study is an "original report of an empirical study," feel free to attach it to the Citations and RQ email. Please start early on this assignment and plan to spend several hours searching for the right kind of articles that are all on the same research question. If you need assistance with APA style, please consult the Kail and Cavanaugh text References for many examples of APA-style reference citations.
A sampling of possible topics is listed here, but please feel free to examine other topics of interest. It helps to define your topic in terms of the “effects of X on Y in Z population.” For example:
Effects of X...
...on Y...
...in Z population
Example Research Questions
pretend play, parenting conflict, violence, divorce, alcoholism, daycare, self-esteem, social isolation, untimely death of family member, homelessness, early reading, eating disorders
intelligence, creativity, school achievement, social well-being language development, attachment, identity, physical health, dating practices
preschoolers, elementary school students, children, high school students, infants, adolescents, seniors, young adults
1. What are the effects of pretend play on language development in preschoolers?
2. What are the effects of pretend play on school achievement in elementary school students.
3. What are the effects of family violence on social well-being in adolescents?
4. What are the effects of peer pressure on academic achievement in middle-schoolers?
NB: Please make sure that the items you choose for each "variable" in your research question work together sensibly.
Examples of relevant journals at the ISU Cunningham Memorial Library include: Developmental Psychology, Human Development, Infancy, Adolescence, Child Development, Social Development, Childhood and Adolescence, Family and Community Health, Family Relations and Child Development, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, Journal of Educational Psychology, Journal of Child Language. There are many other journals that also publish empirical reports of studies on human development. Increasingly, reputable journals are available online. If you have a question about a given source, ...
What is an Annotated BibliographyAs you develop a working the.docxalanfhall8953
What is an Annotated Bibliography?
As you develop a working thesis for your final paper and begin to collect different pieces of evidence, you will soon find yourself needing some sort of system for keeping track of everything.
The system discussed this week is an annotated bibliography, which is a list of sources on a particular topic that includes a brief summary of what each source is about.
Here is an example of an entry from an annotated bibliography in Turabian style:
Parsons, Matt. “Protecting Children on the Electronic
Frontier: A Law Enforcement Challenge.” FBI Law
Enforcement Bulletin 69.10 (2000): 22-26.
Parsons is an FBI agent specializing in cyber security. This article is about an educational program used by the U.S. Navy to educate people in the Navy and their families about some of the things that are potentially dangerous to children about the Internet. Parsons says that the educational program has been effective.
Annotated bibliography entries have two parts. The top of the entry is the citation itself. It is the part that starts “Parsons, Matt’” and that lists information like the name of the writer, title of the publication, the date of publication, and other publishing information.
The second part of the entry is the summary of the evidence being cited. A good annotated bibliography summary provides enough information in a sentence or two to help you and others understand what the research is about in a neutral and non-opinionated way. They are an example of this sort of very brief,
“just the facts” sort of summary. The most important goal of your brief summary is to help you, colleagues, and other potential readers get an idea about the subject of the particular piece of evidence.
Summaries can be challenging to write, especially when you are trying to write them about longer and more complicated sources of research. Keep these guidelines in mind as you write your own summaries:
· Keep your summary short. Good summaries for annotated bibliographies are not “complete” summaries; rather, they provide the highlights of the evidence in as brief and concise a manner as possible, no more than a few sentences.
· Don’t quote from what you are summarizing. Summaries will be more useful to you and your colleagues if you write them in your own words. Instead of quoting directly what you think is the point of the piece of evidence, try to paraphrase it.
· Don’t “cut and paste” from database abstracts. Many of the periodical indexes that are available as part of the library’s database include abstracts of articles. Do no “cut” this abstract material and then “paste” it into your own annotated bibliography. For one thing, this is plagiarism. Second, “cutting and pasting” from the abstract defeats one of the purposes of writing summaries and creating an annotated bibliography in the first place, which is to help you understand and explain your research, and identifying how each publication is to be used in your paper.
Differ.
Write a five page paper that analysis the HispanicLatino politics i.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a five page paper that analysis the Hispanic/Latino politics in one of the following state: Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, or Texas. The paper should make predictions for Hispanic electoral performance in that state 2020.
2. The paper should be double space and properly reference
3. Select one of state from the following list:
4. In order to adequately analysis you need
a. Historic overview of state’s Latino population
b. Demographic of current Latino population
1. VAP
2. % citizen
3. % living in property
4. % home ownership
5. Income
6. Education attainment
c. Election Behavior for State Latino population
1. President 2012, and 2016
2. Off year 2014 and 2018
3. List of Latino Elected officials
5. Conclusion Why the prediction
.
Write a five (5) paragraph (or longer) essay response . Write your e.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a five (5) paragraph (or longer) essay response . Write your essay on your own paper and underline your thesis. Refer to the assigned readings, as appropriate.
Subject: Discuss why citizens of the world should be concerned (or unconcerned) about global warming, climate change, and the health of Earth.
.
Write a few words about Email threats briefly and & An.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a few words about Email threats briefly and
&
Answer in brief for below
1 What is the difference between RFC 5321 and RFC 5322?
2 What are the SMTP and MIME standards?
3 What is the difference between a MIME content type and a MIME transfer encoding?
4 Briefly explain base64 encoding.
5 Why is base64 conversion useful for an e-mail application?
6 What is S/MIME?
7 What are the four principal services provided by S/MIME?
8 What is the utility of a detached signature?
9 What is DKIM?
.
write a draft of your research paper. in your draft copy, develop th.docxsmithhedwards48727
write a draft of your research paper. in your draft copy, develop the ideas from the main points in your outline from English as an official language, using articles, examples, statistics and any other literary means to give clarity to your writing.
include at least three reference source.
.
Write a draft of your Research Paper.In your draft c.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a
draft
of your
Research Paper
.
In your draft copy, develop the ideas from the main points in your outline using case studies, examples, statistics, and/or any other literary means to give clarity to your writing.
Include at least
three
reference sources.
Use correct grammar, diction, capitalization, and punctuation.
.
Write a detailed, analytical paragraph on the short story, incorpora.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed, analytical paragraph on the short story, incorporating the literary criticism.
Focus on writing-developed paragraph with:
a focused topic sentence.
two quotes, using ICE for each (begin your E with a paraphrase)
developing your analysis through your annotations (Notice and Focus)
No longer than 1 page double- spaced.
Usr in text citiations and write a Works Cited Listing.
Please DO NOT COPY FROM THE INTERNET ANYTHING USE YOUR OWN THOUGHTS THANKS.
.
Write a dialogue involving at least 10 - 15 interchanges about the e.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a dialogue involving at least 10 - 15 interchanges about the equalities to which we are entitled and the...
Write a dialogue involving at least 10 - 15 interchanges about the equalities to which we are entitled and the inequalities required by justice using at least 4 of any of these speakers: a staunch Capitalist like Andrew Carnegie, an 18th Century slave like Frederick Douglass, a modern middle class worker, an early 19th Century woman seeking the right to vote, a displaced Native American, a recent emigrant, a Wicca practitioner, or Adler. Have your speakers respond to what the other persons says, too.
.
Write a detailed report on one of the following topics1- Differ.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed report on one of the following topics:
1- Different types of beaches, their characteristics, and human control on coastal erosion.
2- Different types of saltmarshes, their characteristics, importance and human impacts on them.
3- Mangrove ecosystems, their characteristics, importance and natural and human impacts on them.
4- Coral reef ecosystems, their characteristics, importance and natural and human impacts on them.
5- Seagrasses and seaweeds ecosystems, their characteristics, and importance.
.
Write a detailed report about a residential burglary. You are the of.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed report about a residential burglary. You are the officer. List and describe all items that were stolen. How did the suspect gain entry into the residence? Remember the report should have dates, times, location names of people involved in the incident, description of incident and how the incident was ended or resolved
.
Write a detailed report about a armed robbery to a convenience store.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed report about a armed robbery to a convenience store. You are the officer. List and describe all items that were stolen. What type of weapon was used? How did the suspect flee the scene? Remember the report should have dates, times, location names of people involved in the incident, description of incident and how the incident was ended or resolved
.
Write a detailed report on International Association of classifi.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed report on International Association of classification Societies (IACS). Following aspects / points must be covered in the report.
1. Objectives of IACS.
2. Scope of IACS.
3. Approval of Material, Machinery and Equipment.
4. Classification surveys ( including all type of surveys).
Note: Please do your own research work and avoid copy paste.
Only Original work will be graded.
.
Write a detailed report (15 pages excluding references and intro pag.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed report (15 pages excluding references and intro page) in APA format. Use tables, figures if necessary but don't use too many. Please follow the guidelines attached and
MUST
cover everything mentioned in the instructions.
Also prepare a PowerPoint presentation.
.
Write a detailed evaluation of CWU — why you decided to come here to.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detailed evaluation of CWU — why you decided to come here to CWoo (either the university itself (campus, location, amenities) or your particular program (music, flight, football). Your evaluation should contain each and every characteristic of the ones we will cover in class.
Main Source: your own meticulous and documented research including (but not limited to) statistical and factual research (online or otherwise) and interviews of CWU staff, faculty and students;
Ensure that you have:
top-loaded your overall judgment;
given the broader context of your evaluation;
stated a clear set of criteria and supported your choice of criteria;
please fouces on the red pen which he wrote on the example and start like the example and i want work cites and give me the wibesite. to do it go to citation machine
.
Write a detail Psychiatric diagnosis and Treatment planregimen .docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a detail Psychiatric diagnosis and Treatment plan/regimen based on assessment and evaluation of the case studies assigned, also include a medical diagnosis where it is applicable .
Note:
some of the case studies has more than one diagnosis
.
Write a description of a process of doing grocery shopping so that y.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a description of a process of doing grocery shopping so that your computerized robot Robert will know what to do at the grocery store. Be sure to include all the steps including sequence, repetition, and conditional branching in your description.
Develop a flowchart that diagrams the instructions that you wrote up for Robert.
Write a paragraph explaining the logic of your instructions/flowchart.
.
Write a critical evaluation of your learning outcome. In your re.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a critical evaluation of your learning outcome. In your response, consider:
1. Consider the content of this class as they relate to financial acuity and managerial decision making.
2. Base on the course content, discuss the new skills you acquired from this class?
3. How would you apply your new knowledge of your current and/or future profession?
Post your original discussion no later than Friday, 28. Read and respond to at least 3 of your classmates’ posts.
Student Responses :
Student Response 1(Debotta Ganesh) :
Managerial decision-making and financial acumen are quintessential for a business to be profitable. The course content exposes the students to the criticality of these factors in the financial decisions taken by the management of a company (Wasniewski N., n.d.)
This course has helped me enormously in the development of my financial acumen and has enabled me to understand basic financial metrics and contribute to the important managerial decisions. Some of the important concepts that I have imbibed are IRR, NPV, TVM, etc. that make it easier to arrive at solutions for practical business problems. One of the important aspects of the course is that it helps the learner to acquire a basic understanding of the roles and the basic objectives of financial management. The course has given me the exposure to how complex decisions can be when selecting projects for different investment opportunities. It is imperative that one has a good grasp of the capital budgeting techniques in such situations. Another crucial aspect of financial analysis is to gain a strong understanding of the various techniques of effective working capital like inventory management, payable, accounts receivable and the problems given in the course are sufficient to acquire these skills.
The students are given ample opportunities to groom their managerial decision-making skills through the problems given to them to solve. These problems have enabled me to dive into the challenges of the financial management world and have helped shape up my ability to make effective managerial decisions. I will apply the skills that I have acquired during the managerial finance course at work and contribute better to the crucial investment decisions made by the management. I will also caution the management in not being hasty in making these decisions as any wrong decision can greatly impact the ability of the company to achieve the goals set by it.
Reference:
Wasniewski, N. (n.d.). What Is Business Acumen and Why It's Important For Leaders. Retrieved from
https://blog.insight-experience.com/blog/business-acumen-important-aspiring-leaders/
Student response 2 (Hyndavai Mandava) :
Relation to Financial Acuity and Managerial Decision Making
In order to differentiate the financial and managerial decision making in the organization considered to be primary things. As per financial accounting, it has been consists of the branch of accounting the purpose of wh.
write a description of Federich Woehler, Martin Kamen, Cornelis Bern.docxsmithhedwards48727
write a description of Federich Woehler, Martin Kamen, Cornelis Bernardus van Niel, the three scientists who contributed to our understanding of gems, germs, and through them respiration , and photosynthesis by gems. Who were they, When were they and what did they reveal about germs on our planet and perhaps elsewhere.
And why it maybe the gem that is most similar to being a germ when viewed from its physical and chemical properties( take Opals for example).
.
Write a cover letter explaining what makes you qualified to take c.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a cover letter explaining what makes you qualified to take college writing 2 course. What university classes and high school writing classes have you taken thus far to prepare you for Writing 2? What writing strategies have you learned thus far that will help you be successful in meeting the course goals listed in the syllabus? What is it about yourself as a writer and/or a creative person that makes you stand out from the rest of your classmates? How do you hope to make your experience in Writing 2 mutually beneficial for yourself, your classmates, and the instructor? Other questions to consider: How do you feel about writing in general? What are your strengths and weaknesses as writer? What are your personal goals for this course? (600 words) I have written some information below, please continue my writing and use simple grammar and sentence structure since I am a foreign student studying English.
After the cover letter, briefly describe your process drafting and writing your cover letter. Was it easy or challenging to write a cover letter describing yourself? What about the assignment was the most frustrating or rewarding? What did you notice about your process as you wrote? Where did you get “stuck,” and where did the words just “flow” out? Did you get hung up on the formatting or did writing a letter come naturally? Did you feel any stress in your body as you wrote? If so, where in your body did you feel stress and what did it feel like? Come prepared to share you experience in class. (500 words)
Please use simple grammar and sentence structure since I am a foreign student studying English.
I am originally from Shanghai, China and moved to Canada at the age of 14 for a more suitable education and again moved to the United States for the same passion. I received my basic education in China through 8th grade and then transferred to Canada as a ninth grader. After two years of wonderful experience in Canada decided to come to the US to Chase my passions and the American Dream. My passion is to work in the Business filed, and as continuing study my Business Management Economics major, find a field I feel passionate about and in which I can happily spend my working life.
In order to accomplish my dream, I need to have good writing skills; because writing skills ensure effective business communication. A professional business man must have proficient, comprehensive writing skills, so the receiver will clearly understand your message.
What university classes and high school writing classes have you taken thus far to prepare you for Writing 2: I have taken writing 1 and literature classes in college and high school
What writing strategies have you learned thus far that will help you be successful in meeting the course goals listed in the syllabus? I like to do meditation during free time, it not only releases my pressure but also help me get creative ideas that I can use for writing works. Creation is very fun during writing. In high.
Write a critical essay on one of the following topics related to.docxsmithhedwards48727
Write a critical essay on one of the following topics related to Harry Potter:“Mr and Mrs Dursley, of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal, thank you very much. They were the last people you’d expect to be involved in anything strange or mysterious, because they just didn’t hold with such nonsense” (Rowling 1).
What kind of reality are the Dursleys associated with, and how does the novel use magic in order to disrupt this reality?]“Hermione was now refusing to speak to Harry and Ron, but she was such a bossy know- it-all that they saw this as an added bonus” (Rowling 176).
How is Hermione characterised in the novel and what is the role she plays?“‘There is no good and evil, there is only power, and those too weak to seek it…’” (Rowling 313).
How are the forces of good and evil represented in the novel, and what is Harry’s role in the conflict between them?
APA
1 Page
.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1 The New Social Worker Spring 007Considerations.docx
1. 1� The New Social Worker Spring �007
Considerations in Writing a Literature Review
by Kathy Black, Ph.D.
Literature reviews are ubiquitous in
academic journals, scholarly reports, and
social work education. Students taking
social work courses throughout the cur-
riculum, including Human Behavior and
the Social Environment, Practice, Policy,
and Research classes, are frequently
asked to write literature reviews for a
variety of reasons. Literature reviews are
often done within the context of writing
a paper and sometimes done as a mini-
assignment, perhaps setting the frame
for a broader paper, exposing students
to the breadth of information available
on a topic area, or demonstrating skills
in critical thinking and writing ability.
However, there are some
general guidelines to follow
when writing a literature re-
view. This article will briefly
outline key points for you to
keep in mind when writing
literature reviews for social
work.
Getting Ready
To begin with, you
2. will need to ascertain the
purpose of the literature
review. At the very least, be
aware of the purpose, scope,
and length of the literature review, as
well as the writing requirements. This
requires clarifying the purpose (Is it to
simply overview a broad or specific area of
inquiry, or is it expected to be comprehensive
or systematic?), scope (How much informa-
tion is needed—three scholarly sources? Five
or 10 sources? Are there any limits to the
inquiry? Perhaps a focus on distinct ethnici-
ties or time periods?), and length (Is the
final review expected to yield one page or
10 pages of review?). You should also be
familiar with required writing styles, such
as American Psychological Association
(APA), and other expectations, such as
double spacing, font size, and so forth.
Once purpose, scope, length, and writing
expectations are ascertained, you can
embark on conducting your search for
literature.
The Search
Searching for literature is quite easy
these days. Today, much information
is available electronically, and you can
obtain literature just about anytime and
anywhere. To begin the search, take ad-
vantage of library resources available to
you through your college or university.
Libraries often offer group or personal-
ized training in accessing information,
3. and librarians are often available to help
on specific topic assignments, as well. If
you are a student, you will be exposed
to search engines and databases such as
Social Work Abstracts and procedures for
accessing or requesting books, journal
articles, and reports that relate to your
topic.
Although information is also widely
available through the World Wide Web,
not every site offers credible informa-
tion. You can learn from your library
about criteria to evaluate the legitimacy
of information. One increasingly popular
source of information is Google Scholar
(www.googlescholar.com). This site has ac-
cess to professional journal listings and,
sometimes, the articles can be download-
ed in full text. In searching for informa-
tion, you should be aware of key words
and advanced search features to facilitate
the process. Sources with titles of interest
and abstracts can be retrieved on the
spot in some cases, marked for subse-
quent retrieval, and oftentimes down-
loaded into software such as Refworks or
Endnote. Again, you should learn about
the resources available to you through
your library and take advantage of the
high technological services offered by
your school.
Once you have identified a number
of sources, you must decide whether
to retrieve the full text of each. You
will soon learn that there may be an
4. astronomical amount of information
published in any given subject area, and
therefore, refining the search is com-
mon. Similarly, it may take you hours
to thoroughly explore literature on your
topic. Most researchers will find the time
spent quite interesting, though. It is ex-
hilarating to be exposed to information
and the dynamic process whereby links
are availed that can connect you with
key authors and related works and other
cited references. Though time-consum-
ing, it is generally a satisfying process to
search the literature.
Synthesizing Information
After retrieving a given number of
references, the critical work of synthesiz-
ing the information begins. You should
be aware that a literature review is not
an annotated bibliography, or a simple
write-up of a few statements or so de-
scribing the information in each journal
article. Likewise, the literature review
is not simply a series of paragraphs de-
scribing each source separately. A good
literature review involves a higher level
of integrating the information, yielding
a more comprehensive analysis of the
content.
You should begin by reading each
article and starting to categorize the
areas or subtopics that each covers. For
example, in doing a literature review
about elder abuse, retrieved articles may
5. have focused on different types of abuse,
attributes of abused elders, or attributes
of perpetrators of abuse to older people.
You can largely focus your searching to
pre-determine the subtopics in which
you will structure your writing. How-
ever, that may depend on your previous
knowledge of the area and availability
of literature on the topic of interest. You
should structure the written review with
a topic sentence and paragraph high-
lighting the general importance of the
literature, setting the stage for the rest of
the review.
Writing should flow and combine
the findings of several sources, reinforc-
ing the importance of each subtopic area.
Resist simply regurgitating findings by
stringing quotes from separate sources;
instead, strive to synthesize the informa-
tion. The following illustrates a common
approach to reviewing literature:
In one study, over 900,000 elders were
found to have evidence of physical abuse
(author, year). Another study reported that
Research
The New Social Worker Spring �007 1�
“perhaps millions of elders are suffering physi-
cal abuse” (author, year, page number). The
National Center for Elder Abuse indicates
6. that there were 6,000 cases of abuse annually
including 4,000 physical, 1,500 financial,
400 emotional, and 100 sexual (year).
Instead, synthesize the multiple
sources:
Over a million cases of elder abuse were
reported to elder abuse hotlines nationally in
2005, and the majority of abuse reported was
physical (author, year; author, year; author,
year).
Citing research studies requires
specific considerations. In your literature
review, you should not only emphasize
the findings, but also comment on the
quality and importance of research pre-
sented. For example, what were the limits
to the study design? Was it representa-
tive? Do the findings support or refute
related theories? What gaps remain in
the literature?
It is not necessary to cite method-
ological details of studies, as citations of
the source are provided in the review.
Readers can refer back to the studies re-
ported in the review should they wish to
know more details. The point here is to
critically assess the findings in a compre-
hensive way, and not simply repeat the
study’s findings. Questions that critically
assess the research in your review include
attention to research design, sampling,
data collection, analysis, and conclusions.
7. Answers to the following questions reflect
critical analysis of the literature and dem-
onstrate skills in integrating content on a
variety of levels:
What is the research problem ad-
dressed in this article? Is the design
(qualitative, quantitative, or mixed)
appropriate for the question?
What are the variables in this study?
How are they operationally defined?
Are these definitions sensible and
appropriate?
What is the population of interest
in this study? What is the sampling
•
•
•
frame? Are the subjects used in the
study representative of the popula-
tion of interest?
What, if any, are the potential prob-
lems with the data collection and
analysis procedures used?
Does the research problem apply to
diverse groups of people and popula-
tions at risk? Were the methods used
ethical and sensitive to the inclusion
of disenfranchised populations?
What conclusions does the author
make on the basis of the study?
Does the author discuss implications
8. for social work practice? Are the
conclusions and implications reason-
able, based on the findings of the
study? Why or why not?
Plagiarism
No discussion of writing a literature
review is complete without mention of
plagiarism. The word “plagiarize” is de-
fined by Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary as:
“to steal and pass off (the ideas or words
of another) as one’s own: use (another’s
production) without crediting the source;
to commit literary theft: present as new
and original an idea or product derived
from an existing source” (2006).
Plagiarism is a serious offense,
and colleges and universities have
strict policies to deal with it. In many
cases, unintentional plagiarism occurs
when students copy verbatim portions
of another’s work and fail to cite the
source of their information. Just to be
sure, all factual statements and key ideas
should always be credited, and key ideas
can almost always be paraphrased. Of
course, in all cases, references to the
original source of information should be
provided. Consult the Publication Manual
of the American Psychological Association,
or other appropriate style guide, for the
correct procedures for citing and listing
references for your literature review.
Unfortunately, other cases of plagia-
rism involve the intentional and delib-
erate copying of text that is presented
9. as original work by another. Today,
students may be tempted to either “cut
and paste” voluminous amounts of infor-
mation from a variety of sources or even
consult sponsors of “prepared papers”
in a variety of topic areas. Increasingly,
faculty use services such as TurnItIn
(www.turnitin.com), which checks papers
for evidence of plagiarism. Seriously
consider the ethical and academic con-
sequences of plagiarizing material, and
avoid the problem altogether by re-
•
•
•
A Note on Plagiarism
Regardless of whether plagiarism
is intentional or not, it can get you in
big legal and ethical trouble.
Some of the most extreme ex-
amples I have heard or seen include
the following:
a student plagiarizing his or her
own professor
a student copying something from
a Web site in another language,
using Google Translate to translate
it into English, and then pasting
the translation “as is” (without
correcting the English) into a
10. research paper
a social worker submitting an
article for publication in which
several sections were written in
first person, but were obviously
not written by the submitter,
because some of them described
a male, some a female, some an
older person, some a younger
person, and so forth—with no cita-
tions to indicate that the passages
were quotes from others
Whether you are writing a paper
for school or an article for publica-
tion (or for your employer), it is your
responsibility to know what constitutes
plagiarism, so you can avoid it like the
plague!
Ed.
1.
2.
3.
sponsibly crafting your own papers and
literature reviews.
Students able to effectively search,
assess, synthesize, and properly write a
literature review are well on the way to
receiving a good grade for their efforts.
The skill is transferable to students
pursuing practice careers and particu-
11. larly beneficial to students considering
master’s and doctoral level education.
In all cases, conducting and writing
a good literature review is both person-
ally and professionally satisfying, as it
advances knowledge—for ourselves and
for our readers.
Reference
Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary.
(2006). Available: http://209.161.33.50/
dictionary/plagiarize
Kathy Black, Ph.D., is Hartford Geriatric
Social Work Faculty Scholar and Assistant
Professor at the School of Social Work, Uni-
versity of South Florida at Sarasota/Manatee.
Conducting and
writing a good
literature review
is both personally
and professionally
satisfying.
http://www.turnitin.com
http://209.161.33.50/dictionary/plagiarize
Running head: ADIUS REPORT 1
ARDIUS REPORT 2
12. Adius Simtray Report
Please rewrite
Cyber security has now grown in different industries across the
globally. Typically, the aspect refers to the process where
various information and data management regulations and
policies are developed to maintain data safety from the various
aspects like natural calamities, cyber-attacks on data, data
exploitations and misuse, as well as the damages by people for
their own uses. This paper will therefore provide a report of the
Adius Simtray Report captures various concepts related to
various security measures in different industries.
From the Adius Simtray, it was evident that an organization
cyber security is vital for the data security. However, there were
various policies that were illustrated. Firstly, there were the
communication policies that were set to ensure that the data
sent via any device was secure. For example, encryption,
intrusion detection as well as authentication policies are the
elaborated policies in the Simtray. Based on the realization of
the various policies elaborated in the Adius Simtray, an interest
in the Health industry was prevalent. This industry seems to be
requiring the implementation of the various communication
policies as the HIPAA act and the HiTech Act dictates.
From the elaboration of the Adius Simtray, different types of
cyber-attacks were elaborated. The pinpointed attacks include
the SQL injection, the side scripting, as well as server hacking
(Kolhe, & Adhikari, 2014). The malicious act leads to the
exposition of information that is relevant in an organization to
unauthorized persons. Therefore, the data requires protection in
accordance to the set cyber security policies. Data security
13. measures to be involved in such a case include data encryption
as well as the process of access control. The involvement of the
court of law is also vital when reporting the malicious data
exposition. Al in all, the ardioud Simtray was a good platform
for highlighting various cyber security risk factors and their
mitigation.
References
Chen, J. Q., & Benusa, A. (2017). HIPAA security compliance
challenges: The case for small healthcare providers.
International Journal of Healthcare Management, 10(2), 135-
146.
Dankar, F. K., & El Emam, K. (2012, March). The application
of differential privacy to health data. In Proceedings of the 2012
Joint EDBT/ICDT Workshops (pp. 158-166). ACM.
Kolhe, A. K., & Adhikari, P. (2014). Injection, Detection,
Prevention of SQL Injection Attacks. International Journal of
Computer Applications, 87(7).
P3
Four Separate submissions please!!!
Submission for Adius SimtrayReport – 1 Page Report (please
rewrite attached)
Standards Summary – 1 page Summary
Written Comments – 2/3 Page Report
Please select an industry and write a short paragraph about
industry-specific cyber issues. (discussion post)
Project Scenario
As the assistant vice president of information security, you are
the main cybersecurity advisor to the chief executive officer of
your company. The organization responsible for creating
standards for your industry has proposed cybersecurity
standards for all publicly traded companies and has asked for
comments from the industry regarding what these standards
14. should contain.
"This is our opportunity to weigh in on how best to achieve
cyber objectives within the constraints of our business," the
CEO says during your executive staff meeting. You realize that
this is your chance to show the CEO your knowledge of the
industry, and an opportunity for your company to influence
prospective standards that could impact the company's bottom
line.
The CEO turns to you and says, "As a leader in our industry, we
know what processes work and what do not. I believe we are in
the perfect position to help formulate cybersecurity standards
that are realistic and effective. I will need your assistance in
preparing written comments to present a proposed standard.
"First, determine the impact these new standards might have on
our industry. Then assess our industry's cyber posture and
create a relevant standard. Prepare our written comments based
on these considerations. You will need to have a draft ready for
my review at our next staff meeting."
When you submit your project, your work will be evaluated
using the competencies listed below. You can use the list below
to self-check your work before submission.
· 1.2: Develop coherent paragraphs or points so that each is
internally unified and so that each functions as part of the whole
document or presentation.
· 1.6: Follow conventions of Standard Written English.
· 2.5: Develop well-reasoned ideas, conclusions or decisions,
checking them against relevant criteria and benchmarks.
· 5.3: Support policy decisions with the application of specific
cybersecurity technologies and standards.
Step 1
Throughout this project, you will assume the perspective from
an organization of a particular industry.
In order to prepare your perspective, you will complete the
following:
· Select a specific industry from one of the following areas:
health care, finance, telecommunications, automotive, or retail
15. upon which you will focus your oral statement. For example,
you may choose to research the industry of grocery stores
(retail) or hospitals (health care). Do not select a specific
company focus on the industry.
· Research and write a short paragraph about the cybersecurity
issues you discover for your particular industry.
Once you select your industry and identify its cyber issues,
submit your findings to the discussion board to get feedback
from your instructor.
Step 2
SIMTRAY Adius: Day 1
SIMTRAY is a simulation that presents you with scenarios that
will provide insight into the origins of issues affected by major
regulatory/legal concerns facing every organization or industry.
While this simulation focuses specifically on the financial
industry, you will find that this exercise will help you examine
the regulatory concerns for your chosen industry. Some of the
issues and topics addressed in this exercise include
cybersecurity policies, countermeasures, sql injection, digital
evidence, cyber attacks & threats, mobile technologies,
outsourcing - security threats, cloud computing, and the
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA).
The SIMTRAY will provide you with scores to give you a sense
on how well you are grasping the concepts. The sections are
timed for 30 minutes; however, you can run the SIMTRAY as
many times as you need. Record your best score and at least one
lesson learned from the exercise to include in your report at the
end of the three-day simulation.
Step 3
SIMTRAY Adius: Day 2
In the previous step, you started to examine the SIMTRAY,
"Adius: Find Your Way in Three Days."In this step, continue to
focus on SIMTRAY, but document the specific type of
regulatory issues you encounter in your scenario since these
same issues may be relevant to the industry you chose to
examine for your oral presentation. Some of the issues and
16. topics addressed in this exercise include cybersecurity policies,
countermeasures, sql injection, digital evidence, cyber attacks
& threats, mobile technologies, outsourcing - security threats,
cloud computing, and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA).
The SIMTRAY will provide you with scores to give you a sense
on how well you are grasping the concepts. The sections are
timed for 30 minutes; however, you can run the SIMTRAY as
many times as you need. Record your best score and at least one
lesson learned from the exercise to include in your report at the
end of the three-day simulation.
Step 4
Project Practice - SIMTRAY Adius: Day 3
In this step, you should continue to explore the scenarios within
the SIMTRAY, "Adius: Find Your Way in Three Days." If you
have not already, you will most likely encounter the following
topics in this exercise: cybersecurity policies, countermeasures,
SQL injection, digital evidence, cyber attacks & threats, mobile
technologies, outsourcing - security threats, cloud computing,
and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA). Document events
that you experience in the exercise that might affect the
following industries:
· health care
· finance
· telecommunications
· automotive
· retail
Think about how these issues will be affected by proposed
regulation and begin to explore how you might be able to
influence agencies to formulate appropriate standards favorable
to a particular industry.
The SIMTRAY will provide you with scores to give you a sense
on how well you are grasping the concepts. The sections are
timed for 30 minutes; however, you can run the SIMTRAY as
many times as you need. Compile your recorded scores, lessons
learned, and documented industry issues into a one-page report.
Submit your report for feedback.
17. Step 5
Assess Industry Cyber Posture and Create a Relevant Standard
Now that you have chosen your industry and you are aware of
the cyber issues affecting it, it is time to identify a standard to
address one of the cyber issues you identified. For example, in
response to the credit card fraud in the retail industry, the bank
card industry adopted the chip and PIN standard for credit
cards. Using feedback you received from your instructor in
previous steps, create a cybersecurity standard relevant to your
chosen industry. Refer to industry-specific regulations for
additional background on existing regulations.
Create a relevant standard and write a one-page summary
documenting the standard and evaluating the impact it would
have on your selected issues and business operations in your
industry. This summary will be included in your written
comments in the following step.
Submit your Standards Summary for feedback.
Step 6
Written Comments
Develop your final written comments for presentation at the
next standards body meeting. These comments should be
between two and three pages, and it should include a paragraph
on your thoughts about how your comments will be received and
whether or not they will have an impact on the
regulation/standard, etc. Update the Standards Summary from
the previous step according to the feedback you received.
Attach the Standards Summary to your written comments. (The
Standards Summary should not be included in the length
requirement of the written comments.)
Submit your written comments.
Before you submit your assignment, review the competencies
below, which your instructor will use to evaluate your work. A
good practice would be to use each competency as a self-check
to confirm you have incorporated all of them in your work.
· 1.2: Develop coherent paragraphs or points so that each is
18. internally unified and so that each functions as part of the whole
document or presentation.
· 1.6: Follow conventions of Standard Written English.
· 2.5: Develop well-reasoned ideas, conclusions or decisions,
checking them against relevant criteria and benchmarks.
· 5.3: Support policy decisions with the application of specific
cybersecurity technologies and standards.
Running head: SOCIAL PROBLEMS
1
SOCIAL PROBLEMS
2
Animal Rights
Name
Institution
Animal Rights
Currently, the world is faced with a myriad of social issues that
do not only affect human beings but also animals. Today,
animals are faced with cruelty from the very people who are
supposed to protect them. Researchers in the medical field are
using animals for experimentation while hunters and poachers
continue to hunt and kill animals causing the extinction of some
species. This necessitated the birth and animal welfare
movement to create scientific awareness of the suffering of
19. animals (Sinclair & Philips, 2018). Just like other social justice
movements, the current animal liberation movements focus on
eliminating institutional and systematic oppression of animals.
Several animals spend a significant part of their life standing on
concrete floors while others are confined in crowded places
with total disregard for their welfare. Animals too have feelings
just like human beings. This paper provides a comprehensive
view of animal rights as a social problem.
Problem Statement
Despite animals having rights just like human beings, it is
unfortunate that medical research continues to use animals for
experimentation ignoring the fact that doing so subjects animals
to immense suffering especially when parts of their bodies are
mutilated for experimentation. It is imperative that animal
testing is put to a halt to avoid causing harm to different species
of animals.
Symptoms of Animal Experimentation
Every year, thousands of animals are taken to laboratories for
experimentation. This causes them to be tortured and killed
under harsh circumstances because researchers want to
experience amusements in medical breakthroughs they make.
There are several symptoms associated with animal
experimentation. For example, some animal parts are often
unnoticed on animals being experimented. Some animals appear
dizzy and immobile due to chemicals used to immobilize or
disable them. Elsewhere, animals in the laboratories do not only
suffer from the pain they experience. They equally suffer from
stress caused by living in harsh conditions.
Existing Conflicts about Animal Experimentation
In animal testing or experimentation, ethical issues are often
contested. There is often a contest on whether it is right to
inflict avoidable harm or pain on members of a particular
species in order to secure the benefit of other species (Garner,
Lyons & Roberts, 2016). On the other hand, medical researchers
assert that they only use animals as the last option because they
20. cannot experiment using human beings. Regardless of the
benefits of animal experimentation in the medical field that
include a better quality of life, Animal experimentation is a
social problem that has forced animal rights crusaders to
consider it unnecessary and cruel to animals.
Potential Ethical Dilemma
Animal experimentation or testing is surrounded by several
ethical dilemmas. One of the ethical dilemmas is experimenting
with animals to develop pharmaceutical products to save lives
and improve the quality of life while destroying different
species of animals. An experiment that improves the quality of
life of human beings while destroying animals should be
reconsidered.
How the Social Problem has Developed
Animal testing as a social problem has developed from simple
experimentation using animals to industrial experimentation
where thousands of species are taken to laboratories and used
for medical research with total disregard of their welfare
(Garner et al., 2016). The desire to develop potential forms of
treatment is among the chief reasons behind animal testing.
Why it is Important to Investigate the Social Issue
Several reasons make it necessary to investigate animal testing.
For example, the need to protect animals from cruelty makes it
interesting to study the issue. Each year, thousands of animals
are pushed into laboratories for medical research and several of
them do not make it. Some are left with permanent scars on
their bodies.
References
Garner, R., Lyons, D., & Roberts, A. (2016). How to protect
animal welfare. CASJ Policy Research Briefing.
Sinclair, M., & Philips, C. J. C. (2018). International Animal
protection society leadership: The right people for the right
issues. MPDI, 8(89), doi: 10.3390/ani8060089.