The Indus River Valley Civilization developed along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. The Indus flows southwest into the Arabian Sea and provided water, fertile soil, and transportation for the early Indian civilization. Some key cities of the Harappan civilization included Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, which were carefully planned with wide streets in a grid pattern and advanced sewer systems. While their written language remains undeciphered, the Harappans grew crops, traded, and showed little evidence of war in their art. The citadel in cities could store enough grain for tens of thousands, indicating they planned for potential crop failures from monsoons.

1. The Indus River Valley Civilization
I. Geography
India is a Subcontinent:___________________________________________________
Indus River Valley
- Located in modern day ______________________________
- Flows SW into the __________________ _______________
- Provides water, __________ ________, and _______________
- The ________ Indian civilization developed along the ____________ __________
Ganges River- Flows SE into the ________ ______ ___________
Monsoons- seasonal winds
- _______________________________________
- Too much or too little can ruin crops
Mountains to the North provide protection!
- ___________ __________ - to the West
- ______________________- to the East
II. Harappan Civilization 2500-1500 BCE
Cities - _____________________________and ________________________________
Carefully planned out cities
- Wide streets in a ____________________ ___________________
- _______________ _____________________
Economy
- Grew wheat and barley
- Traded! Harappan seals found in Mesopotamia
Written Language
- _______________________ have not yet been deciphered
Religion- ________________________________ little else is known
Society- evident of social classes and skilled artisans
- ________________________: no monuments to glorify war in their art
Citadel: ___________________________________________________________________
- Stored enough grain for up to 35,000 people! Feared crops ruined by monsoons.
Irrigation- canals and ditches
Decline (?) Destroyed by Aryan invaders? Earthquakes, floods, drought?