1) Compare and contrast the characteristics of classic and modern cr

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1) Compare and contrast the characteristics of classic and modern cryptography. (Maximum: Half a Page, double-spaced) (2) Describe the evolution of cryptography by listing the main four stages. (Maximum: Half a Page, double-spaced) References and in-text citations must be APA compliant. ...

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2-13: Creating a Solut i on of Known Molarity In this assignment, y o u will weigh out asa m p le of baking soda (NaHC O 3 ) and create a solution ofknown m o l arit y . 1. Start VirtualChemLab, select Reactions and Stoichiometry, and then select Creating aSolut i on of Known M o larity from t he list of assig n m ents.The lab will open in the Ti t ration laborato r y . 2. In the labora t o r y , a bot t le of baking soda (sodiumbicarbonate, NaHCO 3 ) will be next to thebalance, and an e m ptybeaker will be on the stir plate. Drag the e m ptybeaker to the spot l ight next t o t h e balance, clickin the Ba l an c e area to zoomin, place aweigh paper on the balan c e, and tare the balance. 3. Open the bot t le by clicking on the l i d ( Remove Li d ). Pick up the S c oo p and scoop out so m e sa m ple by first dragging the scoop tothe m outh of the bottle and then pull i ngthe scoop down the face of the bottle. As the scoop is dragged down t h e face of the bottle it will p i ckup different quantities ofsolid. Select the largest sa m ple possible and d r ag the scoop t othe weighing paper on th e balance until it snaps in place and then let go. This will put app r oximately1 gofsa m ple on the balance. Repeat with a second Scoop . Record the m a ss of the NaHCO 3 in the data table. 4. Drag the we i gh paper to the beaker and add the NaHC O 3 sa m p le t othe beaker. Click on thegreen Zoom Out arrow to return t othe laborator y . 5. Drag the beaker to the 50mL graduated c y l i nder (thelargest one) by the sink and e m ptythe sa m ple into the c y linder. Hold thec y l i nder under the tap unt i l it fills withwater to m a k e an aqueous solution of NaHC O 3 . (When the graduated c y linder is full it will auto m at i ca l ly snap back into place.) Note that the solid is added and dissolved before the volu m e ismeasured when m aking a m ol ar solution. Che m ists normallyuse a volu m etric flask for m aking m o l ar solutions, but t his is not available in the s i m ulation. 6. Determine the liters of solution i nthe c ylinder and r ecord the da t a in thedata t able. 7. Determine the moles of NaHCO 3 in the sample and r e cord the datain the da t a table. Data T a ble ma s s N a HC O 3 m o l es N aH C O 3 liters solution 8. The m olarityis calcula t ed using the fo r m u l a: mass solute molarity = = molarmasssolute moles solute L solution L solution 67 Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry, Student Lab Manual/Workbook, v4.5 , Third Edition, by Brian F. Woodfield and Matthew C. Asplund. Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. Rea c tionsandS t oichiom e t r y Calculate the molarity of t h e NaHCO 3 solution inun i ts of mol/ L . .

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1) Compare and contrast the characteristics of classic and modern cr

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1) Compare and contrast the characteristics of classic and modern cr