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1. ‫دراﺳﺔ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
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‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬.
‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻌﻤﺎر‬،‫ﻳﺔ‬‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫آﻠﻴﺔ‬–‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮرة‬-‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬.
‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﺎرة‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫آﻠﻴﺔ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬-‫أم‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮى‬–‫اﻟﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬.
elsherouk@hotmail.com
‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬:‫ﻋﻤﺎرة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫وآﻔﺎءة‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وإﻳﺠﺎﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫آﺜﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫هﻨﺎك‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪن‬ ‫وﻋﻤﺮان‬.‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫وﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎر‬ ‫وﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻬﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬‫وﺗﺪاﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻇﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻄﻮرات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮات‬.‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪم‬
‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻷدوات‬.‫وﻳﻘﺪم‬
‫راﺑ‬ ‫آﺒﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻊ‬
‫وﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺠﻪ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬.‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫وﻳﻘﺪم‬
‫ودراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ ‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻵ‬‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﺎر‬.‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫وﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬
‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪد‬.‫وأﺧﺮى‬
‫اﻵﺛﺎر‬ ‫وﺗﻼﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫وأﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎول‬
‫ا‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت‬:‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬,‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬,‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬.
1.‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻬﺪ‬‫وﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮا‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﻐﻴﺮا‬ ‫ﻃﻔﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫اﻹزاﻟﺔ‬‫واﻹﺣﻼل‬‫ﻟﻠ‬‫أﺣﻴﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺿﺨﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎص‬.‫وﺗﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬‫اﻷﺟﻬﺰة‬‫اﻹدارﻳﺔ‬
‫وﺿﻊ‬‫اﻻﺷﺘﺮاﻃﺎت‬‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺣﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻻت‬‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬.

2. 34‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬‫ﻟﻺزاﻟﺔ‬‫واﻹﺣﻼل‬‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫وﺧﻼﻓﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر‬ ‫وﺗﻮاﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ‬.‫ﻻ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬‫واﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬.
‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫وﻳﻬﺪف‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬‫ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬.‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮات‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎدث‬.
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫وﺻﻮﻻ‬‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫إﺗﺒﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻀﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫وﻣﻮاﻋﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫إزاﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮاﻋﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺤﺪاث‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺮي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬)‫اﻟﺪر‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫اﻗﺘﺮاح‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﺳ‬‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫وﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬.(
2.‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻼﻣﺢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻄﺎق‬ ‫اﻧﺤﺼﺮ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫وادي‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﺼﺮت‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮادي‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬)1. (‫ﻃﺮﻗﺎت‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻀﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬
‫وﻣﻈ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺮﺟﺔ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻠﻠﺔ‬)2. (‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﻮاﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫وﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬)3(.
)، ‫زهﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻳﺰ‬2004‫م‬(.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬1:‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻄﺎق‬
‫اﻟﺴﺒﻌﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬..
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬2:‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻨﺔ‬‫ﻜﺔ‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬3:‫اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺔ‬
‫آﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺪت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬.‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬
‫رﺑ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﻔﺎق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬ ‫واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬‫وادي‬ ‫ﻄﺖ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺠﺮة‬ ‫وﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰة‬ ‫ووادي‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻰ‬ ‫وادي‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬ ‫أودﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬.‫وﻗﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺪود‬ ‫اﻟﻮادي‬ ‫ﺧﺎرج‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻻف‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﺘﺪاد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﻔﺎق‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺪت‬
، ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫واﻟ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)4(‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻄﺎق‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬.
‫ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺘﺪاد‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫أﺧﺬت‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﻼف‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬)‫اﻟﻐﺮﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮق‬ ‫وﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬) .(‫ﻓﺎﻳﺰ‬
، ‫زهﻴﺮ‬2004‫م‬(.‫واﻟ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)5(‫اﻟﺤﺮام‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺎرع‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

3. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬35
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬4:‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻄﺎق‬.‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬5:‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺘﺪاد‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻂ‬.
3.‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻼﻣﺢ‬
‫ﺳﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺷﻴﺮ‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑﻘﺎ‬‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻬﺪ‬
‫ﺿﺨﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫إﺣﻼل‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﻀﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆآﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺊ‬ ‫إﻧﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺂﺧﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺒﺪال‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺪف‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫أن‬‫وﻣﻼﻣﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﻔﻘﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫وﻣﻼﻣﺤﺎ‬ ‫وﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﺘﺴﺐ‬ ‫وزاﺋﺮﻳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬)6(
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﻤﻮاﻗﻊ‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬6:‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬.

4. 36‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
1.3.‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻨﺖ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬.
‫ﻣﺸﺮو‬ ‫أرﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻨﺎك‬‫واﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮازي‬.‫أﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫وﺑﺤﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﻮم‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻮم‬22‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫هﻨﺎك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻷراﺿﻲ‬ ‫أﺳﻌﺎر‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮاﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬.‫اﻟﻔﻨﺪق‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻧﺎﻃﺤﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﻤﺎﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻗﻒ‬
‫ﺧﺮاﺳﺎﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﺳﺤﺎب‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻮﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺮض‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫وﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬‫ﻷهﻢ‬‫اﻟﻤﻼﻣﺢ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻷهﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬) .،‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬2005(
1.1.3.‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
‫اﻟ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)7(‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫ﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)8(‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮرﻳﻪ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬.)‫اﻟﻘﺎدر‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﻴﻪ‬،2005(
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:320000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:34500‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬7:‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬8:‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬.
)( 2.1.3.‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬‫اﻟﻤﻮازي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:514000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:55000‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
3.1.3.‫اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
‫اﻟ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)9(‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮرﻳﻪ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬.‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:46000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:40400‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
4.1.3.‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
‫اﻟ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)10(‫ﻧﺎﻃﺤﺔ‬ ‫آﺄﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻨﻒ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫واﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺤﺎب‬.)‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬،‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬2005.(
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:430000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:25000‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

5. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬37
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬9:‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬‫اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬.. ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬10:‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
5.1.3.‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)11(‫ﻳﻌﺮ‬‫ض‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)12(‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫وﻋﻼﻗﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬.‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:430000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:570000‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬11:‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬12:‫ﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟ‬.
)( 6.1.3.‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻓﻘﻴﻪ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدر‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،،2004
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)13(‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬)14(‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬
‫إﻗﺎﻣﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻼﻣﺢ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬:225000‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬2‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:35000‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫آﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﻤﺎ‬
‫واﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫واﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺎت‬ ‫واﻻرﺗﺪادات‬.‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻮم‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺮوﻋﺎت‬.
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻜﻤﻪ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎص‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺪوﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫آﻞ‬
‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫إﻧﺠﺎز‬ ‫وﻣﻌﺪﻻت‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺪﻓﻘﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪى‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻓﺘﺮﺿﻨﺎ‬ ‫وإذا‬
‫ﺳ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬ ‫هﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺘﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﻨﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻌﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬)، ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬2005‫م‬.(

6. 38‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬13:‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬.‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬14:‫ﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟ‬.
4.‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬-‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪم‬‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪة‬ ‫أداة‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺈﻧﺸﺎء‬
‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺪاول‬ ‫ورﺑﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬.‫ﻟﻠﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬.‫واﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺎت‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪدا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻨﺎول‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬‫واﻟﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺒﺎل‬ ‫واﻹزاﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬‫ﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬.
(GHASSAN MKHAIMER, 2005)
1.4.‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬:
‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬‫أوﺗﻮآﺎد‬(AutoCAD)‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬‫رﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬)1:25000(
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﺎة‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﻮﻧﺘﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬‫رﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬)1:25000(
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﺎة‬.
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎرﻳﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬.)‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬2005(
‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﺎدرة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎرﻳﺮ‬‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮر‬‫دﻗﺔ‬60‫ﺳﻢ‬‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬‫ﻣﺄﺧﻮذ‬‫ﻋﺎم‬2004‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫م‬
‫ﺑﻴﺮد‬ ‫آﻮﻳﻚ‬(Quick Bird Satellite licensed to HRI through KACST)
1.1.4.‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻢ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫ﺧﺼﻴﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻨﺘﻮر‬‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
(Visual Lisp).‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎة‬.‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)15(
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرة‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬.(DE LOSA, A., 1999)
‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬‫واﻟﻔﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬‫اﻷوﺗﻮآﺎد‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬.‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)16(‫إﻧﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

7. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬39
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬:‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫وآﺘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﺪود‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘ‬‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬:
o‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﺻﻮر‬ ‫إدراج‬‫اﻷوﺗﻮآﺎد‬.
o‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﺪود‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرة‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻞ‬ ‫وزاوﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎس‬ ‫ﺿﺒﻂ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻄﺮق‬.
o‫رﺳﻢ‬‫ﻣﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬15:‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬.‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬16:‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
2.1.4‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬(Building Data Base)
‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮة‬‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻨﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻹزاﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬)‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬:(‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬.
‫اﻷدوار‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬:‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮر‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬
‫اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ورﺳﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎرﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬.‫ﺑﺎ‬‫ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮى‬ ‫أم‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻼب‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﺪاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻮح‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬.
‫اﻹﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬:‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫ﺑﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺎم‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮر‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪءا‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬.
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫أدوار‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬3.5
‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎج‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻜﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫إﻣﺎرة‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫وهﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬.
3.1.4.‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬(Creating Feature Classes)
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮن‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎت‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬:
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬.
‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬.
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬.
‫وﺳﺎﺣﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬.
‫اﻟﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ق‬.

8. 40‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ورﺑﻂ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
)17(‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬‫أﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬)18(‫ﻓﻴﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬)ESRI. 2005.(
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬17:‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬18:‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬.
4.1.4.‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬(Creating 3d Tin)
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻄﺢ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬(Tin)‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺘﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮط‬ArchGIS)‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎص‬
‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬(‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫وﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬3D Analyst.)ESRI, 2006(‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)19(‫اﻟﺴﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬‫اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺖ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪود‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫آﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬.‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫أم‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬)20(‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻌﺮض‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻮر‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
(ZLATANOVA, 2000).
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬19:‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻄﺢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬20:‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻮر‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

9. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬41
2.4.‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬
‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺔ‬
(Time Track)‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻀﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬
ArchGIS)‫اﻟﺨﺎص‬‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﻢ‬(‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫وﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬Tracking Analyst.‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬)21(‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬.‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺘﺪاﺧﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫إﻇﻬﺎر‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﺪل‬
‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﻮر‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬)‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬) (EDITORS OF ESRI
PRESS, 2004.(
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬21:‫ﻟﻘﻄﺔ‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮض‬. ‫اﻟﺘ‬
5.‫اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﻮاهﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻨﺎول‬ ‫وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫دراﺳﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬‫واﻷدوات‬‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬.
(TRUNG T. PHAM, MARJORIE MUSY, DANIEL SIRET, JACQUES
TELLER, 2007)
1.5.‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬‫أﺧﺮى‬ ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪا‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮات‬‫اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬)22(‫اﻟﺨﻤ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫ﺴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬

10. 42‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
1450000‫م‬2‫إﻟﻰ‬900000‫م‬2‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬.‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪأ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪ‬.
‫اﻟﺸﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮض‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻞ‬)23(‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺪاآﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻣﺎدي‬‫اﻟﻤﻀ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻣﺎدي‬.
600000
700000
800000
900000
1000000
1100000
1200000
1300000
1400000
1500000
1990
2000
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2012
2014
2015
2016
2018
2020
2022
2025
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬22:‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺣﺪوﺛﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ‬.
200520102015
20202025
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬23:‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮض‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺸﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

11. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬43
2.5.‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻤﻞ‬35%‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﺮض‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬)24(‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰاﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫رﺳﻤﺎ‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺰ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬.
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﺮض‬)25(‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺎرب‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬4‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎرب‬ ‫وأدوار‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻀﺎف‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺣﺘ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺰاﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪأ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰاﻟﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﻗﺮاﺑﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻰ‬12‫ﺳﺘﺘﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬ ‫أﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫أي‬
‫ﻣﺮات‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1990
2000
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2012
2014
2015
2016
2018
2020
2022
2025
‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬
‫ﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬24:‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬.
‫اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺰاﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺣﺪات‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬25:‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰاﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬‫ﺗﺰال‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬.
3.5.‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮهﻤﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫دراﺳﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫هﺎﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮان‬ ‫هﻨﺎك‬.‫هﺬان‬
‫اﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎج‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺟﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫هﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮان‬.
‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﻴ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﻦ‬‫رﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻦ‬)26‫و‬27(‫ﻟﻬﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﺿﺎن‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮان‬.

12. 44‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
600000
1100000
1600000
2100000
2600000
3100000
3600000
4100000
4600000
5100000
5600000
1990
2000
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2012
2014
2015
2016
2018
2020
2022
2025
‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎج‬‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬26:‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎج‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎدث‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ‬.
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
12000000
14000000
16000000
18000000
20000000
1990
2000
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2012
2014
2015
2016
2018
2020
2022
2025
‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺮ‬‫ﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬27:‫اﻹ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬.(
)
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬26‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬)‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬(
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎج‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻬﻢ‬‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ‫وﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬‫اﻷوﻟ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻳﺒﺪأ‬‫اﻟﻘﺼﻮى‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺰاﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬.
4.5.‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬ ‫واﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎور‬
‫أﻇﻬﺮت‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺤﺎء‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻮن‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت‬‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎج‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎة‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﻴﻦ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬‫اﻷﻗﺪام‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮا‬72%‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬.‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)28(‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎور‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮض‬‫اﻷﺣﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﺎور‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬.‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬)29(‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

13. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬45
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫وﻣﺤﺎور‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎة‬‫واﻷﻋﺪاد‬‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫وﻳﺤﺘﺎج‬‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎﺿﺔ‬‫وأﺳﻄﺤﻪ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺣﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺒﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻋﺐ‬700000‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫وﺳﺘﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻤﺔ‬1.6
‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮن‬5,6‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻼة‬ ‫أآﺒﺮ‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺸﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮن‬.
25%
15%
15%
15%
30%
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻔﻠﺔ‬
‫أﺟﻴﺎد‬
‫واﻟﻘﺮارة‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺒﻴﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬
.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬28:‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎور‬
‫واﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬.
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬29:‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬‫ﻷﻋﺪاد‬‫اﻟﻘﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬
‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﻮرات‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫دراﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬ ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﻄﺔ‬:
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‬‫اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺎت‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬.
6.‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻣﻜﻦ‬
‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮات‬)‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬(‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬.
‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫أﻇﻬﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮح‬‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰم‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﺘﺰاﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺿﺮورة‬.
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤﻞ‬‫دراﺳ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎور‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺪاﺧﻞ‬ ‫وﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺎﺷﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎت‬ ‫دراﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺿﺮورة‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻴﺢ‬‫ت‬‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬.
‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺮاﻏﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫دراﺳﺎت‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﺿﺮورة‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮام‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬.
‫ﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ودﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫وﺑﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫أﻇﻬﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت‬.

14. 46‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
7.‫اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬‫ت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷدوات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﺮض‬ ‫وﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻧﻈﻢ‬‫ت‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪدا‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺪم‬ ‫اﻷدوات‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‬ ‫ودراﺳﺎت‬ ‫أﺣﺠﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺎت‬ ‫وأﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﻮل‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢ‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺒﻠﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢ‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫واﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫واﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬‫ووﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮار‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺬي‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫آﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮرات‬.
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ودﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫هﻨﺎك‬
‫واﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻀﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬.‫دراﺳ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫وﺿﺮورة‬‫واﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ‬ ‫أآﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺎت‬
‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮا‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺣﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺪاﺧﻞ‬ ‫وﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮم‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎور‬ ‫وآﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬‫ﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬‫هﺬﻳﻦ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺎج‬ ‫وﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ‬‫اﻟﺤﺮام‬ ‫ﷲ‬.
8.‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎت‬
‫ﻳﺠ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫دراﺳﺎت‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬.
‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫أدوات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻴﺤﻪ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺎت‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫واﻹزاﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﺁﺛﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺒﺎل‬
‫و‬‫اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫أدوات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻴﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺪار‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫وأﺛﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮات‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬.
‫دﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬‫اﺗﺨﺎذ‬‫اﻟﻘﺮارات‬‫ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮل‬‫واﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬.
9.‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬،2005‫م‬.‫ﻣﺸﺎر‬، ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻊ‬‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬)173(،51-102.
، ‫زهﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻳﺰ‬2004، ‫م‬‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬-‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬.‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﻘﻴﻪ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدر‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،،2005‫م‬.، ‫اﻻﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬.
‫ﻓﻘﻴﻪ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدر‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،،2004‫م‬.‫اﻻﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬،‫ﺧﻨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬.
، ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬2005‫م‬.‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎت‬–‫واﻟﺤﻠﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼت‬.‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ورﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬.
DE LOSA, A., CERVELLE, 1999. 3D Topology Modeling and Visualization for 3D GIS.
Computer and Graphics, 23(4), p. 469-478.
ESRI. 2005. Building a Geodatabase. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands
(ESRI), CA, USA.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[

15. ‫در‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺔ‬47
ESRI, 2006. Using ArcGIS’ 3D Analyst. Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI),
Redlands, CA, USA.
EDITORS OF ESRI PRESS, 2004. Using ArcGIS Tracking Analyst: ArcGIS 9. ESRI Press,
Redlands, CA, USA.
GHASSAN MKHAIMER, 2005. Virtual GIS for Aqaba, Map Middle East 2005, Manama,
Bahrain.
TRUNG T. PHAM, MARJORIE MUSY, DANIEL SIRET, JACQUES TELLER, 2007.
Methodology for Integrating and Analyzing Environmental and Urban Data in 3D GIS,
10th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science, Aalborg
University, Denmark, Page 1 of 12.
ZLATANOVA, 2000. 3D GIS for Urban development. PhD thesis at Graz University of
Technology.

16. 48‫ﺷﺤﺎﺗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬
A 4D GIS MODEL TO PREDICT THE URBAN CHANGES
“Mekkah City Centre as a Case Study”
AHMED MOHAMED ABDULRAHMAN SHEHATA.
Department of Architectural Engineering, Collage of Engineering. Al-
Mansourah University - Egypt.
elsherouk@hotmail.com
Abstract: There area many factors affect positively and negatively the
urban type and qualities. In the presents of complicated socio-
economic and technological fast changes, monitoring such changes
and predicting their impacts on the urban has become a difficult task.
Geographic Information Systems provide many tools that can be
utilized in documenting, monitoring and predicting the urban changes
over period of time. The research presents the application of a 4D GIS
system that consider the time as fourth dimension in studying the
urban changes and predicting the urban different changes.
Traditionally, Mountains put limits form to the urban area of Mekkah.
During the eighties, a major urban changes happened because of a set
of tunnel projects. Today, The old and historic area of Mekkah
(known as the central area of Mekkah) is facing changes. Those
changes that covers almost all of its central area. A new major
projects, proposed by the private sector and supported by the
authorities, aim to replace the exiting urban old areas with new
modern areas. This is conducted through different projects. Each one
of these projects has its own schedule, urban character and even
building rules. Through the next twenty years, Mekkah central area
will change completely. The paper presents a model to document the
urban changes over a certain period of time. Moreover, it presents a
study of the different aspects’ of urban changes and their impacts on
the urban qualities.
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‬)‫أﺳﻜﺎد‬(]‫ﺗﺠ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺪ‬‫ﱞـﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺘﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎرة‬,‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ‬,‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬[