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Heliopolos presentation final with video
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- 39.
- 42. – – –) –
- 45. Books: Heliopolis; Rebirth of the city of the sun, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Jarostaw Dobrowlski, AUC Press Mémoires Héliopolitaines, Centre Français de culture et de coopération de l’Ambassade de France en République Arabe d’Egypte Retour d’Egypte: Ernest Jaspar (1876-1940) D’ Héliopolis à Hyderabad, Anne Van Loo, Figures de l’orientalisme en architecture Papers: Memories of the East; From Henegovia to Heliopolis, Scientific Institution of the French Community in Belgium Movie:
Editor's Notes
- Modern Heliopolis was originally filled mostly with foreigners and native aristocratic Egyptians. After the 1952 military coup d'état led by Nasser, it became home to much of Cairo's educated m
- مدينة (أون) الفرعونيـة والتي عرفـت في العهـد اليوناني باسـم هليوبوليـسمدينـة الشمـس والتي كانـت المطـرية وعين شمس. وقد باعت الحكومة عام 1905 مساحة 5952 فداناً صحراوياً إلى باغوص نوبار باشا والي مصر وإلى البارون أمبان صاحب بنك بروكسل البلجيكي، وذلك لإنشاء مشروعات إسكان وتشغيل خط مترو لربطها بالقاهرة نظراً للتوسع العمراني في ذلك الوقت. وقد تكونت شركة حديد مصر الكهربائية وقامت بإنشاء 400 مسكن لموظفي الشركة وعدد من المحلات التجارية وفى 1910م تم إنشاء أول خطوط المترو السريع وتم تشغيل 27 قاطرة كما أفتتح أول فندق عالمي في الضاحية وهو فندق هليوبوليس بالاس، وقد تم تصفية شركة حديد مصر الكهربائية عام 1960 وتحولت إلى مصر الجديدة للإسكان والتعمير والتي تولت مسئولية تكملة البناء والعمران وقد تميزت الضاحية بتخطيطها وتنفيذها الناجح للعمران الحديث بتوفير المسكن والمرافق العامة اللازمة والطرق الواسعة والحدائق الكثيرة. واستمرت حركة الإنشاء والعمران واتسع حي مصر الجديدة ، وقد انفصل حي النزهة عن حي مصرالجديدة فى 1999 .
- بدأ عمله كرسام هندسي في شركة للتعدين وهي سوسيتيه ميتالورجيك (Sociétémétallurgique) وفي عام 1878 دخل في صناعة إنشاءات السكك الحديدية حينما لاحظ أن السكك الحديدية والمواصلات في الريف بشكل عام ليست على المستوى المطلوب - في ذلك الوقت.وبعد النجاح في بلجيكا بخط سكك حديدية ( Liege-Jemeppe) ، قامت شركاته بتطوير خطوط سكك حديدية في فرنسا وبالتحديد مترو باريس حيث حصل على لقب بارون لقاء عمله هذا.وبسبب تلك المشروعات شعر بأنه يعتمد أكثر من اللازم على البنوك والمصارف الخارجية لإتمام مشاريعه الصناعية، فقام في عام 1881 بتأسيس مصرفه الخاص لتمويل مشاريعه، والذي أصبح فيما بعد البنك الصناعي البلجيكي ("BanqueIndustrielleBelge").وخلال عقد التسعينات بعد عام 1890 توسعت شركته في إنشاء خطوط الترام في العديد من العواصم الأوروبية وغيرها منها أوروبا وروسيا والصين و الكونغو البلجيكية - مستعمرة في ذلك الوقت - والقاهرة. كما قامت شركته بإنشاء العديد من شركات الكهرباء لإمداد الطاقة اللازمة لخطوط الترام التي كان ينشئها في مختلف العواصم. In 1905, Empain established the Cairo Electric Railways and Heliopolis Oases Company, which bought a large stretch of desert some distance to the northeast of Cairo at a low price from the colonial government. His efforts culminated in 1907 with the building of the new town of Heliopolis, in the desert ten kilometers from the center of Cairo. It was designed as a "city of luxury and leisure", with broad avenues and equipped with all necessary conveniences and infrastructure; water, drains, electricity, hotel facilities, such as the Palace Hotel and Heliopolis House, and recreational amenities including a golf course, racetrack and park. In addition, there was housing for rent, offered in a range of innovative design types targeting specific social classes with detached and terraced villas, apartment buildings, tenement blocks with balcony access and workers' bungalows.
- The new city also represented the first large scale attempt to promote its own style (Heliopolis style). Empain's own residence however, adopted a unique style. Alexander Marcel, a French architect and a member of the prestigious French Institute, was commissioned by Empain to build him a Hindu palace. Modelled on Angkor Wat in Cambodia and the Hindu temples of Orissa, the palace was erected between 1907 and 1910. It still stands today and remains one of the finest examples of early creative use of concrete, of which it was entirely built. The chosen neighbourhood boasted some of the wealthiest Egyptian residences; to his left facing Avenue Baron was the Arabesque palace, now military headquarters, but originally the home of Boghos and Marie Nubar Pasha. It was the Pasha who assisted Baron Empain in purchasing the 6,000 acres (24 km²) of empty desert at one pound each on which he built Heliopolis. Diagonally opposite stands the former residence of Sultan Hussein Kamel, who reigned over Egypt between 1914 and 1917. Today, that is a presidential guest house.
- ويُعد هذا الأسلوب ( الطراز) بمثابة مزيج فريد من الطرز المغاربية والعربية والأوربيةوقد حاول مبتكرو هذا الأسلوب تطبيق المزايا والفوائد الجمالية والوظيفية بنجاح من خلال الطرز الثلاث، وبجمع ودمج نوعيات هذه الأنواع مثل ( الواجهات المغاربية Moorish facades والأقسام العربية Arabic sections والمخططات الأوربية European plans ) في وحدة متجانسة تكون ملائمة لكل من التالي:1- الظروف الجوية والبيئية العامة في بلدان شمال أفريقيا والتي تم توظيفها وتضمينها في الأقسام والمقاطع.2- الإحساس العربي المغاربي للطراز في المباني التي انتشرت والتي لاقت تقديراً في المنطقة حيث تم تطبيقها في الواجهات.3- التقاليد الاجتماعية للحياة المحلية المصرية في منعطف القرن العشرين والتي تم تطبيقها في المساقط الأفقية والمخططات.The architectural style used in Korba and Heliopolis is a mixture of the Moorish, Arabic and European styles. They combined qualities from each type taking the Moorish facades with Arabic cross sections and European floor plans gave it functionality and a uniquely aesthetic form which were suitable for daily Egyptian domestic life. As well the sections were made to be suitable for the atmospheric conditions of North Africa.Heliopolis style is an architectural style specific to Misr Al Gadida. At the beginning of the 20th century, the architects of the “Heliopolis Oasis Inc.” which was the Belgian company responsible for the building of a new suburb “Heliopolis” ; also had a new style exclusively designed and developed to use it in the buildings of the new district.Until today, this suburb is the only unique example which exists for this architectural form, and it is still very well preserved. It is represented by a large ensemble of buildings spanning a wide area of land, and with its typical historic form-language that relates itself to several epochs, this style is a unique mixture of the Moorish, Arabic and European styles.The creators of this style tried to successfully implement the aesthetic and functional advantages of the three styles. Combining the qualities of these types (Moorish facades, Arabic sections, European plans) in a homogeneous unit; suitable for Egyptian domestic life at the turn of the century.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.
- The Basilique Catholic church situated in Al-Ahram street is a famous landmark in Heliopolis, and it is the burial place of Baron Empain. The many places of worship in the district, including Saint Maron and Saint-Rita church in Beirut street, a Jewish synagogue in Al Missalah street, and the mosques all over the city, demonstrate that the city has been living in religious tolerance since it was established.