The document discusses the history and uses of botanical gardens. It provides details about several Portuguese botanical gardens, including how they have evolved over time and the types of plant collections they contain. Specifically, it describes restoration efforts at Ajuda Botanical Garden and layouts of its collection beds. It also outlines the recreation of a historic medicinal garden at the Mafra Convent based on plants listed in an 1834 pharmacy manuscript.

1. Plant collections as a strategy for community
engagement in public space
Sandra Mesquita, Carlos Ribas, Cristina Castel-Branco

2. A botanical garden is a garden dedicated to the cultivation
and display of a living collection of plants labelled with their
botanical names, under scientific management, for purposes
of education and research, as well as of pleasure and
recreation.
Our presentation will reflect two components of botanical
gardens:
- A living collection of plants;
- A landscaping and planting design.

3. Each botanical garden's
collection naturally reflects
its time's fields of interests:
- 16th and 17th centuries:
medicinal gardens.

4. - 18th century: plant
classification systems.

5. - 19th century: acclimatization gardens: beautiful, strange, new
and economically important plant trophies from distant lands.

6. - late 20th and 21th century: plant conservation, natural
vegetation, environmental awareness, sustainability.

7. Evolution
Ecology and Taxonomy

8. Aquatic plants Carnivorous plants
Alpine plants Cacti and succulents

9. Vegetables Herbaceous borders
Native plants Roses

10. Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

11. Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration
Historical garden (1768). The garden was gradually
degraded and its collection was lost, except for the trees.
In 1995-7 all the garden structures were restored, including
the original beds for displaying the collection.

12. The plants are divided in 8 biogeographic regions and then
grouped according to the Cronquist classification of
flowering plants.
ESQUEMA DOS CANTEIROS, TOTAL
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

13. The plant beds in the upper parterre were restored.
ESQUEMA DOS CANTEIROS, TOTAL
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

14. Dominici Vandelli (1768-1811)
Félix Avelar Brotero director of the garden (1811-1828).
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

15. South America
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

16. Australia and New Zealand
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

17. Macaronesian Region
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

18. Central and Atlantic Europe
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

19. China and Japan
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

20. North and Central America
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

21. Mediterranean Region
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

22. Africa
PLANTA DE UM TALHÃO + 1 OU 2 FOTOS.
Ajuda Botanical Garden restoration

23. Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

24. Plants depicted in european masterpieces were the source
for a plants & arts database developed with the purpose of
exploring the story of ornamental plants used in the 16th
and 17th centuries.
The project culminated with the exhibition of all 100 plants
in Ajuda Botanical Garden.
Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

25. A list of 100 plant species was put
together from different forms of
art:
Sculpture
Hedera hibernica
Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

26. Tapestry
Dracaena draco
Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

27. Painting
Lilium candidum
Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

28. Scientific illustration
Viola odorata
Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

29. Temporary exibition in ABG: Plants in European Masterpieces

30. Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

31. A 19th century
document mentioned a
medicinal garden –
Jardim Botânico – close
to the conventual
hospital pharmacy.
The terraces are the
only remains of this
garden. No plan or
plant list exist for this
area, therefore we
known nothing about
the plants cultivated in
it.
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

32. In 1834, a list of all the medicines
existing in the conventual hospital
pharmacy was put together.
This manuscript list was converted
in a list of plants by consulting
contemporary pharmacopoeias
and inspired a planting layout for
the reconstruction of the monastic
medicinal garden.
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

33. Menezes, R.J. (1834). Manuscript:
Unguentos, substâncias vigitaes,
xaropes, agoas distiladas, oleos
esenciaes, diferentes substãncias,
tinturas e balçamos
[ointments, vital substances,
syrups, destilled waters, essential
oils, different substances,
tinctures and balms]
Sangue de drago [dragon’s blood]:
Dracaena draco (L.) L.
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

34. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

35. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

36. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

37. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

38. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

39. Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens
Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy

40. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

41. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

42. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

43. Unguento Pupulião [ointment]:
Populus alba L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Mandragora officinarum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Lactuca sativa L.
Arctium lappa L.
Viola odorata L.
Sedum album L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy
Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens

44. Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens
The plant list thus obtained was then used to produce a planting
layout which included 151 species. Existing trees were incorporated
in the garden design.

45. Mafra Convent and Palace Gardens
The plant list thus obtained was then used to produce a planting
layout which included 151 species. Existing trees were incorporated
in the garden design.

46. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Thematic collection:
Plants representative of a set of ecosystems relevant to the
Portuguese economy and culture at the time of the Discoveries.
Plants from Madeira, Azores, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe,
Angola (Moçâmedes), Mozambique (Inhaca), Índia (Goa), Macau
(Coloane) and East Timor.

47. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Thematic collection:
Plants representative of a set of ecosystems relevant to the
Portuguese economy and culture at the time of the Discoveries.
Plants from Madeira, Azores, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe,
Angola (Moçâmedes), Mozambique (Inhaca), Índia (Goa), Macau
(Coloane) and East Timor.
Thematic collection:
Plants representative of a set of ecosystems relevant to the
Portuguese economy and culture at the time of the Discoveries.
Plants from Madeira, Azores, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe,
Brasil, Angola (Moçâmedes), Mozambique (Inhaca), Índia (Goa),
Macau (Coloane) and East Timor.

48. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Macau (Coloane)

49. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Índia (Goa)

50. Jardins Garcia de Orta
São Tomé e Príncipe and Brasil

51. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Macaronesia (Madeira, Azores, Cape Verde)

52. Jardins Garcia de Orta
Africa (Angola, Mozambique)

53. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

54. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

55. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

56. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

57. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

58. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

59. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

60. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

61. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

62. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

63. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

64. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

65. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

66. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

67. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

68. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

69. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

70. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

71. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

72. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

73. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)
resultados em conclusões e em SOFTWARE livro verde

74. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

75. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

76. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

77. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)
De PLANTAÇÕES EXPERIMENTAIS para ARBORETO
Planta com tipos às cores

78. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)
De PLANTAÇÕES EXPERIMENTAIS para ARBORETO
Planta com tipos às cores

79. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

80. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)
De PLANTAÇÕES EXPERIMENTAIS para ARBORETO
Planta com tipos às cores

81. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

82. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

83. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

84. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

85. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

86. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

87. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

88. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

89. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

90. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

91. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

92. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

93. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

94. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

95. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

96. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

97. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

98. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

99. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

100. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

101. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

102. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

103. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

104. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

105. Parque do Tejo (e Trancão)

106. grazie!!!