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誰でもできる騒音対策!
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Showhey Kubo
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環境工学という講義で発表した内容です 身近な素材の防音効果を調べてみました
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誰でもできる騒音対策!
1.
誰でもできる騒音対策! -ネット公開版-
2.
2013年 あけましておめでとうございます
3.
冬休みにオシロスコープを買いまし
た TBS1022 : 25MHz 2ch 商品名 500MS/s デジタル・オシロ スコープ メーカー 商品番号 N042TBS1022 型番 TBS1022 定価 51,135円
4.
買ったからには・・・ 使いたい!
5.
使い倒したい!
6.
そこで, 久保は考えた
7.
環境工学のプレゼン
× オシロスコープ
8.
というわけで 騒音問題の話をします
9.
騒音ってなに?? • 環境基本法第2条第3項に列挙されている7
つの公害のうちの一つ • 定義:騒がしくて不快と感じる音 • 特徴 – ある人にとって好ましい音であっても、他の 人にとっては騒音と感じる – 被害者の精神ストレスに対して加害者の意識 が薄い →騒音に関するトラブルが多い!
10.
騒音をめぐる事件 奈良騒音傷害事件
11.
騒音を原因とする主な事件・裁
判 • 1974年 : ピアノ騒音殺人事件 • 1982年 : 中野テレビ騒音殺人事件 • 2005年 : 奈良騒音傷害事件 : 通称「騒音おば さん」に懲役1年8か月の実刑判決 • 2008年10月25日 : 『足音がうるさい』と男 性をナイフで切りつけ逮捕。 騒音による精神ストレスは 傷害・殺人事件へとつながる
12.
騒音怖い!
13.
来春から一人暮らしの そこのアナタ!
騒音対策は 大丈夫ですか?
14.
騒音対策ってどうすればいいの? • 騒音を防ぐことを防音と言います • 防音技術
– アクティブノイズコントロール • 音と音をぶつけて音を消す • ノイズキャンセリングヘッドホンなどに使われる • 狭い範囲の音しか消せない – 防音材を使う方法 • 安価で一般的に用いられる方法 • 今回はこっちの話をします
15.
防音のメカニズム • 遮音と吸音
防音材 遮音 音を反射させて 遮音材 吸音材 さえぎる 吸音 音を熱に変えて 吸収する 騒音 騒音が大きく 減衰する
16.
防音材いろいろ • 細かい理論は省略します • 吸音材
– 気泡がたくさん含まれてるものがよい • 例:グラスウール,発泡ウレタン • 遮音材 – 空気と固有音響インピーダンスが異なるもの • 例:石膏ボード,コンクリート
17.
問題点 • 防音材は音が通過する面積全体を覆わな
ければならない • 防音材自体は安ければ安い方がいい
18.
材料を置き換えられない か? •
安い材料で代用する グラスウール → 洗浄用スポンジ 石膏ボード → 段ボール • しかし,安価な材料で防音効果は? • 調べてみたけどネットにまとまったデー タがない・・・ • 仕方がねえ・・・!!
19.
そこで! コイツの出番だ!
20.
騒音実験してみました
21.
自宅で
22.
実験装置をつくりました
実験対象 マイク スピーカ チップスターの 筒
23.
実験装置全体 TBS1022
PC 真空管 アンプ
24.
だいたいこんな感じ
実験対象 ホワイト ノイズ 出力波形
25.
実験対象一覧&実験条件 •
段ボール • ぷちぷち(梱包材) • 厚紙(ティッシュの箱) • 新聞紙 • • 発泡トレイ(魚のパック) スポンジ • 発泡スチロール • これらのモノを厚さ10mmにそろえた • 実験では「対策なし」の状態を基準に音が 何 dB減衰したかを調べた • 実験は3回行い平均を取った
26.
それでは早速 順位を見てみましょう
27.
第3位 発泡トレイ -26.58 dB
• トレイの底面を3枚 重ねた素材 • 軽量であり,緻密な 気泡を多く含んでい た • 吸音だけでなく遮音 効果もあった?
28.
第2位 段ボール -26.69 dB
• 段ボールの切れ端 を5枚重ねた素材 • 重量の割に空気を 多く含んでいたた め,防音効果が得 られたのでは?
29.
第1位 厚紙 -27.85 dB
• ティッシュの空き箱 を何重にも重ねた素 材 • 段ボールよりも重量 があり遮音効果が あったと考えられる
30.
全体的な結果はこんな感じ
-30.00 -25.00 -20.00 減衰量 [dB] -15.00 騒音がない状態と -10.00 ほぼ変わらない! -5.00 0.00 柔らかい素材は 防音効果が小さい
31.
結果 身近な材料でも-25dB以上の防音効果がある 特に弾性の大きい素材を使うと良い
暗騒音の影響が大きすぎて マジメに実験するのは無理でした \(^0^)/
32.
おわり
春から一人暮らしの皆様! ティッシュの空き箱や段ボールを使って 騒音対策バッチリの 素敵な新生活を迎えましょう!