2. Introduction
• In medicine, dialysis is a process for removing
waste and excess water from the blood, and
is used primarily to provide an artificial
replacement for lost kidney function in
people with renal failure.
3. introduction
• Dialysis may be used for those with an acute
disturbance in kidney function (acute kidney
injury, previously acute renal failure), or progressive
but chronically worsening kidney function–a state
known as chronic kidney disease stage 5 (previously
chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease). The
latter form may develop over months or years, but in
contrast to acute kidney injury is not usually
reversible, and dialysis is regarded as a "holding
measure" until a renal transplant can be performed, or
sometimes as the only supportive measure in those for
whom a transplant would be inappropriate
5. Dos and don’ts of a dialysis patient
• Diet:-
• Increase protein intake
• Decrease potassium, phosphate intake
• Limit fluids.
• Medication:-
• Avoid morphine and codeine.
• Reduce doses of SSRIs (e.g., sertraline)
• Avoid vitamin A supplements (fat soluble
vitamins
• not removed by dialysis)
6. Dos and don’ts
• Associated Risks & Co morbidities :-
anemia
renal osteodystrophy
pruritus
arrhythmia
amyloidosis
insomnia (due to aching in legs)
cardiovascular disease
infection at venous access site
peritonitis (from peritoneal dialysis)
7. Dos and don’ts
• Preventive care :-
1)Monitor potassium levels.
2)Keep immunizations up to date, particularly in
patients who may be candidates for transplantation.
3)Assess/treat patient for depression/anxiety (which
can arise when faced with dialysis).
4)Testing for renal osteodystrophy and follow-up if results
abnormal.
5)Control BP and lipid levels.
8. Average length of stay
• The average length of stay of a dialysis patient
varies from 3 days to 8 days, that is more than
a week in certain special cases if some
additional complications are involved .
